Dr. C. CHANDRAMOULI REGISTRAR GENERAL & CENSUS COMMISSIONER, INDIA MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS August 2013 CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 DATA HIGHLIGHTS RELEASE OF

So far the data released from Census 2011 pertained to : Houselisting and Housing Census Primary Census Abstract covering final results on: Total population by sex, SC, ST population by sex, Literacy by sex Workers, non-workers and categories of economic activity by sex

The present set of results pertain to data collected in the Census 2011 on age Age is one of the core topics in Population Census Census results have three basic tabulation levels, namely, rural/urban, sex and age. Distribution of population by age is an essential prerequisite for dissemination of census results by age and for population projection The figures exclude the estimated population of Mao Maram, Paomata and Purul sub-divisions of Senapati district of Manipur

DATA ON AGE – HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

Census of India Data on age is collected since the first Census in1872 Up to Census 2001, a direct question on age was recorded In Census 1991, Tables on age were published based on a sample tabulation of 10% forms In Census 2001, Tables on age were published on full count basis In Census 2011, for the first time, data on both date of birth and age has been recorded Results on age in Census 2011 have been compiled based on responses in these two questions on a full count basis

DATA HIGHLIGHTS

Population of selected age groups India : 1991 to 2011 (in million) Age group (years lbd) Census 1991 * Census Census All ages Age not stated * Excluding Jammu & Excluding Mao Maram, Pao Mata and Purul Sub Divisions of Senapati district of Manipur

Percentage of Population in selected age groups India : 1991 to 2011 Age group (years lbd) Census 1991 * Census Census Age not stated Demographic dividend: Percentage of persons in age-group years have increased by 3.4% in 2011 compared to 2001 * Excluding Jammu & Excluding Mao Maram, Pao Mata and Purul Sub Divisions of Senapati district of Manipur

Adolescent, Young and Adults India : 1991 to 2011 Age group (completed years) 1991 * Numbers (in million) All ages , ,210.6 Adolescent (10-19 years) Young (15-24 years) Adult (18 years or more) % to total population All ages100.0% Adolescent (10-19 years)21.2%21.9%20.9% Young (15-24 years)18.3%18.5%19.2% Adult (18 years or more)56.7%58.6%62.9% * Excluding Jammu & Excluding Mao Maran, Pao Mata and Purul Sub Divisions of Senapati district of Manipur

Percentage of children (0-4 years) to total population Census 2011 Name of the State% ChildrenName of the State % Children Top 5Bottom 5 MEGHALAYA13.7 SIKKIM6.9 BIHAR12.3GOA6.9 JAMMU & KASHMIR11.3KERALA7.3 JHARKHAND11.1TAMIL NADU7.3 MIZORAM11.0ANDHRA PRADESH7.4

Percentage of persons in 5-9 years as % to total population Census 2011 Name of the State% in 5-9 years Name of the State % in 5-9 years Top 5Bottom 5 BIHAR14.4 GOA7.3 MEGHALAYA13.1DAMAN & DIU7.6 UTTAR PRADESH12.5 KERALA7.6 JHARKHAND12.5 TAMIL NADU7.7 ARUNACHAL PRADESH12.4 PONDICHERRY7.9

In Census 2011, 19.8% of persons are in age group 0-9 years compared to 23.2% in Census 2001

Percentage of persons in years to total population Census 2011 Name of the State% in years Name of the State % in years Top 5Bottom 5 BIHAR13.4 DAMAN & DIU7.1 ARUNACHAL PRADESH13.0 GOA7.6 UTTAR PRADESH12.9 KERALA8.4 MEGHALAYA12.9 PUDUCHERRY8.5 NAGALAND12.6 TAMIL NADU8.6

Name of the State% Adolescent Name of the State% Adolescent Top 5Bottom 5 UTTAR PRADESH24.5GOA15.4 NAGALAND24.2KERALA16.3 ARUNACHAL PRADESH24.2PUDUCHERRY16.7 MEGHALAYA23.9TAMIL NADU17.2 RAJASTHAN22.9 ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLANDS 17.5 Adolescents (age10-19 years) as % to total population Census 2011

Adolescents (age10-19 years) as % to total population Census 2011 (among major States) Name of the State% Adolescent Name of the State % Adolescent Top 5Bottom 5 UTTAR PRADESH24.5KERALA16.3 RAJASTHAN22.9TAMIL NADU17.2 UTTARAKHAND22.5KARNATAKA18.9 BIHAR22.5MAHARASHTRA19.0 JHARKHAND22.2ANDHRA PRADESH19.3

Percentage of Young (age15-24 years) to total population Census 2011 Name of the State% YoungName of the State % Young Top 5Bottom 5 DAMAN & DIU26.7KERALA15.8 DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI22.5GOA16.8 SIKKIM22.0BIHAR16.8 NAGALAND21.9PUDUCHERRY16.9 CHANDIGARH21.4TAMIL NADU17.6

Name of the State% YoungName of the State % Young Top 5Bottom 5 UTTARAKHAND20.8KERALA15.8 HARYANA20.7BIHAR16.8 NCT OF DELHI20.4TAMIL NADU17.6 UTTAR PRADESH20.3JHARKHAND18.3 PUNJAB20.2ODISHA18.4 Percentage of Young (age15-24 years) to total population Census 2011 (among major States)

Percentage of adults (age 18 years or more) to total population Census 2011 Name of the State% AdultName of the State% Adult Top 5Bottom 5 GOA73.7 MEGHALAYA53.3 DAMAN & DIU72.3 BIHAR54.0 KERALA71.7 UTTAR PRADESH56.5 TAMIL NADU71.3 ARUNACHAL PRADESH57.3 PUDUCHERRY71.2 JHARKHAND57.7

Name of the State% AdultName of the State% Adult Top 5Bottom 5 KERALA71.7 BIHAR54.0 TAMIL NADU71.3 UTTAR PRADESH56.5 KARNATAKA68.3 JHARKHAND57.7 PUNJAB68.3 RAJASTHAN58.6 ANDHRA PRADESH67.8 JAMMU & KASHMIR60.0 Percentage of adults (age 18 years or more) to total population Census 2011 (major States)

Percentage of working age (15-59 years) to total population Census 2011 Name of the State% in years Name of the State% in years Top 5Bottom 5 DAMAN & DIU72.6BIHAR52.1 ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLANDS 68.9MEGHALAYA55.4 CHANDIGARH68.4UTTAR PRADESH55.8 GOA66.8JHARKHAND56.5 PUDUCHERRY66.4RAJASTHAN57.5

Name of the State% in years Name of the State% in years Top 5Bottom 5 NCT OF DELHI65.9BIHAR52.1 TAMIL NADU65.9UTTAR PRADESH55.8 WEST BENGAL64.3JHARKHAND56.5 KARNATAKA64.2RAJASTHAN57.5 PUNJAB64.0MADHYA PRADESH58.6 Percentage of working age (15-59 years) to total population Census 2011 (major States)

Percentage of elderly (60 years or more) to total population Census 2011 Name of the State% elderlyName of the State% elderly Top 5Bottom 5 KERALA12.6DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI4.0 GOA11.2ARUNACHAL PRADESH4.6 TAMIL NADU10.4MEGHALAYA4.7 PUNJAB10.3DAMAN & DIU4.7 HIMACHAL PRADESH10.2NAGALAND5.2

Name of the State% elderlyName of the State% elderly Top 5Bottom 5 KERALA12.6ASSAM6.7 TAMIL NADU10.4NCT of DELHI6.8 PUNJAB10.3JHARKHAND7.1 MAHARASHTRA9.9BIHAR7.4 ANDHRA PRADESH9.8JAMMU & KASHMIR7.4 Percentage of elderly (60 years or more) to total population Census 2011 (major States)

In Census 2011, 8.6 % of persons are in age group 60+ years compared to 7.4 % in Census 2001 Aged persons have increased in all the States and UTs, except in Daman & Diu

Dependency Ratio

Dependency Ratio = (No. of persons in age group 0-14 years + No. of persons in age group 60 years or more) ÷ No. of persons in age group years Dependency Ratio can be divided in 2 parts: Young dependency ratio Old dependency ratio Dependency Ratio gives the proportion of persons whom the persons in economically active age group need to support Reduction in Dependency Ratio indicates a phase of population transition where a higher percentage of persons in the working age group may translate into higher per capita income for the economy This is also called the phase where a country may benefit from ‘Demographic Dividend’ Dependency Ratio

Dependency Ratio has reduced in all the States and UTs At the all-India level, it has reduced by 100 points compared to 2001

Dependency Ratio India : 1991 to 2011 Dependency Ratio, India

Young Dependency Ratio India : 1991 to Young Dependency Ratio, India Young Dependency Ratio = No. of persons in age group 0-14 years ÷ No. of persons in age group years Reduction in YDR in is sharper than that for the decade

Old Dependency Ratio India : 1991 to 2011 Old Dependency Ratio = No. of persons in age group 60 years or more ÷ No. of persons in age group years ODR is rising due to higher life expectancy at birth Old Dependency Ratio, India

Dependency Ratio (Young) Census 2011 Name of the StatePopulation in % Name of the StatePopulation in % Top 5Bottom 5 Bihar769Daman & Diu311 Meghalaya716Goa326 Uttar Pradesh640Andaman & Nicobar354 Jharkhand638Tamil Nadu358 Rajasthan602Puduchchery360

Dependency Ratio (Old) Census 2011 Name of the StatePopulation in % Name of the StatePopulation in % Top 5Bottom 5 Kerala196Dadra & Nagar Haveli63 Goa168Daman & Diu64 Himachal Pradesh161Arunachal Pradesh77 Punjab161Meghalaya84 Tamil Nadu158Nagaland86

Quality of age data

Percentage of persons in each year of age Census 1991, 2001 and 2011 Digit preferences in age reporting reduced considerably in Census 2011 in all the ages – primarily due to recording of date of birth for the first time in Census 2011

Measurement of Age accuracy Respondents prefer to report age ending with 0 or5 Whipples Index or the Index of Concentration is calculated to measure extent of digit preference Ideally the Index should be around 100 It was 230 in Census 2001 To improve quality of age data, a question on date of birth was added in Census 2011 Whipple’s Index for India has reduced to 171 in Census 2011 The reduction is more for females compared to males

Whipple’s Index - India Census 2001 and 2011 PersonsMalesFemales Census Census

States/UTs by range of Whipple’s Index Census 2001 and 2011 Census year Numbe r of States/ UTs <= >=

Whipple’s Index Census 2011 (major States) Name of the StateWhipple’s Index Name of the StateWhipple’s Index Top 5Bottom 5 KERALA119BIHAR209 GUJARAT147ANDHRA PRADESH191 DELHI149JHARKHAND191 TAMIL NADU155UTTAR PRADESH188 PUNJAB155KARNATAKA181

Name of the StateWhipple’s Index Name of the StateWhipple’s Index Top 5Bottom 5 KERALA148 BIHAR269 HARYANA176 KARNATAKA254 GUJARAT204 ANDHRA PRADESH253 DELHI208 UTTAR PRADESH252 CHHATTISGARH210 JHARKHAND249 Whipple’s Index Census 2001 (major States) ‘s

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