Discovering Computers 2008 Chapter 2 The Internet and World Wide Web

Defining the Internet The Internet is a collection of ________ ________ that are used for ________ and _______ communications and for ________ exchange.

The Internet What are some services found on the Internet? p. 68 Fig. 2-1 Next 4. Chat (4) (1) 1. (2) 2. Web (3) 3. File transfer (5) 5. Message board (6) 6. Instant messaging

Other Internet Services Transmission of Messages Over Internet Messages May Include Attachments Files, Graphics, Audio, Video Virus Volume 1.4 Billion Active Accounts Worldwide 183 Billion s Sent Daily in 2006 World population?

History of the Internet How did the Internet originate? Next p. 68 Goal: To function if part of network were disabled Became functional ____?_____ ARPANET Networking project by Pentagon’s Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) Goal: To allow scientists at different locations to share information

Internet Development Milestones v1969 Arpanet v1980’s NSF connects Internet v1989 Tim Berners-Lee v2003 Web2.0

Myths About the Internet The Internet is Free Someone Controls the Internet The Internet and World Wide Web are One and the Same

The Internet Who controls the Internet? p. 51 World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)  Oversees research, sets standards and guidelines Next  No one c — c it is a public, cooperative, and independent network  Several organizations set standards Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click W3C below Chapter 2

History of the Internet How has the Internet grown? p. 69 Today More than 350 million host nodes 1984 More than 1,000 host nodes 1969 Four host nodes Next

Defining the World Wide Web The WWW is a retrieval system which organizes data into _____ _____ and the pages are connected to each other via __________. Multiple pages are called a _____ _____. The computer that contains the Web pages is a ______.

AdvocacyBlogWiki Network Content Aggregator Personal Portal The World Wide Web What are the twelve basic types of Web sites? p. 61 – 63 Next NewsInformational Business/ Marketing Educational Entertainment

High-speed connection Slow-speed technology How the Internet Works How can you connect to the Internet? p Next Dial-up access modem in your computer uses a standard telephone line to connect to the Internet DSL, cable modem, fixed wireless, Wi-Fi, and satellite modems Connection is always on— whenever the computer is running Connection must be established each time you log on. Slow but inexpensive

Internet Mechanics Access Providers ISP (Internet Service Provider) OSP (Online Service Provider) Member-only Features AOL MSN Wireless

How to Connect Internet Service Providers Local ISP Earthlink – National ISP Telephone Companies AT&T TV Service Providers DirecTV Colleges & Universities Libraries Employers Online Service Providers AOL MSN Cybercafes Copy Service Stores Free ISP ml What are ways to access the Internet?

The World Wide Web What is a Web browser? p. 54 Next  Program that allows you to view Web pages Microsoft Internet Explorer Firefox OperaChromeSafari Netscape

Google Maps Sally’s Recipes YouTube Blogger Google search engine iGoogle = individual Gmail Google Chrome

The World Wide Web How does a Web browser display a home page? p. 55 Fig. 2-5 Next Step 3. The Web browser communicates with the access provider’s server to retrieve the IP address. The IP address is sent to your computer. Step 1. Click the Web browser program name Step 2. Web browser looks up the home page setting Step 4. The home page displays in the Web browser

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol – HTTP – Web 1.0 hyperlinks HTML Script Language

The World Wide Web How can you recognize links? p. 57 Fig. 2-7 Next  A link can be text or an image  Pointer changes to a small hand when you point to a link  Text links are usually underlined and in a different color

The World Wide Web What is a URL? p. 56 Fig. 2-6 Next Unique address for a Web page  A web server delivers the Web page to your computer

World Wide Web Web Addressing URL (Uniform Resource Locator) Unique Address for Page Located on Web Server protocol domain name path

How the Internet Works What is a domain name? p Figs. 2-3 – 2-4 Next  Text version of Internet protocol (IP) address  Number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to  Internet

Internet Protocols Gopher is a retrieval system at the University of __________which provides a hierarchical menu system. FTP sites allow users to retrieve data and programs to their own computer. v Telnet allows users to connect to a host and perform operations.

Other Internet Protocols file download dialog box What is FTP? File Transfer Protocol  Internet standard that allows you to upload and download files with other computers on Internet p Fig Next

Subdomain

How the Internet Works What is a domain name? p. 74 Figs. 2-4 – 2-5  Text version of Internet protocol (IP) address  Number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to Internet

Evolution of the Internet

Other Internet Services What is an address? p. 70 Fig Next  Name that consists of a user name and domain name that identifies the user

Other Internet Services What is an address ? Combination of user name and domain name that identifies user so he or she can receive User name or user-ID A unique combination of characters that identifies you at Domain name Identifies the mail server p Fig Next

URL:

Other Internet Services How does an message travel? p. 70 Fig Next Step 4. When recipient uses software to check for messages, the message transfers from incoming mail server to recipient’s computer Step 2. Your software contacts software on your service provider’s outgoing mail server Step 3. Software on outgoing mail server determines best route for data and sends message, which travels along Internet routers to recipient’s incoming mail server Step 1. Using software, you create and send message

The World Wide Web A plug-in is a program that extends the capability of a Web browser

The World Wide Web Two types of search tools are search engines and subject directories Search engine Finds information related to a specific topic Subject directory Classifies Web pages in an organized set of categories

The World Wide Web What is a subject directory? p. 80 Fig  Search tool with organized set of topics and subtopics  Lets you find information by clicking links rather than entering keywords

The World Wide Web What is a search engine? p Fig. 2-8  Program used to find Web sites and Web pages by entering words or phrases called search text Spider / Crawler / Bot

Netiquette = Code of acceptable Internet behavior

The World Wide Web What is a home page? p. 76 Fig.2-1a Next  The first page that a Web site presents  Often provides connections to other Web pages

The World Wide Web What is a portal? p. 82 Fig. 2-13a Next  A Web site that offers a variety of services from one, convenient location, usually for free  Searching, sports, , news, weather, auctions, Web communities (Web sites that join people with similar interests)

The World Wide Web What is downloading? p. 76 Next  The process of a computer receiving information  Depending upon connection speed, downloading can take from a few seconds to several minutes  Public domain vs. Shareware

The World Wide Web What graphics formats are used on the Web? p. 84 Fig Next BMP GIF (pronounced JIFF) JPEG (pronounced JAY-peg) PNG (pronounced ping) TIFF Graphic format comparisons

The World Wide Web What is video? p. 88 Fig Next  Consists of full-motion images with sound played back at various speeds  MPEG (Moving Pictures Experts Group) is popular video compression standard

Other Internet Services What are newsgroups and message boards? p. 95 Fig Next  Newsgroup Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Newsgroups and Message Boards below Chapter 2  Many Web sites use message boards because they are easier to use  Online area where users discuss a particular subject  Message board  Type of discussion group

Other Internet Services What is a mailing list? p. 97 Fig Next  Group of addresses given a single name  When a message is sent to the mailing list, everyone on the list receives the message  To add your name to a mailing list you must subscribe to it; to remove your name you must unsubscribe Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Mailing Lists below Chapter 2

What is Web2.0 ? Interactive rather than static Uses “cloud” computing Separates form from content –Web 1.0 used html »Programmer creates content –Web 2.0 uses XML »User creates content »Collaboration

Web 2.0 Applications Listed at: Example Web 1.0Web 2.0 Double-clickAdsense Kodak ExpressFlickr

Web 2.0

Web 2.0 Defined The Machine is Using Us

Social Networking Social Networking without Partying List of Social Networking Website

Criticism of Web 2.0 Why some consider Web2.0 another bust