Names North, Federal, Union South, Confederate, Rebel ColorBlueGray Capital Washington, D.C. Richmond, VA States 23, plus the territories 11 States 13.

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Names North, Federal, Union South, Confederate, Rebel ColorBlueGray Capital Washington, D.C. Richmond, VA States 23, plus the territories 11 States 13 stars in flag (1 each for Missouri & Kentucky) Population 22 million 9 million (3.5 million slaves) FinancialResources 75% of nation’s resources; Wealth invested in industry 25% of nation’s resources; Wealth in land & slaves Leadership Strong Political; Weak military Strong Military; Weak political Industry92%8% Motivation Initially: Preserve the Union Later: Ending slavery added Defend homes & land; Preserve Southern way of life

Army of the Potomac Union army in the east, responsible for guarding Washington D.C. and attacking Richmond Army of the Potomac – Union army in the east, responsible for guarding Washington D.C. and attacking Richmond Army of Northern Virginia Confederate army in the east, Lee’s army responsible for defending Richmond Army of Northern Virginia – Confederate army in the east, Lee’s army responsible for defending Richmond

The Union named its armies and many battles after bodies of water The Union named its armies and many battles after bodies of water The Confederates named its armies by region & battles by city/town The Confederates named its armies by region & battles by city/town Army of the Potomac Army of the Tennessee Army of the Ohio Battle of Bull Run Battle of Antietam Army of Northern Virginia Army of Tennessee Army of the Northwest Battle of Manassas Battle of Sharpsburg

BattleDateStateLeaders N/S Victor & importance of outcome Fort Sumter April 12, 1861 South Carolina AndersonBeauregard Confederate victory, led Lincoln to call for 75,000 for 90 days

Maj. Robert Anderson Gen. Pierre Beauregard

Blockade the Confederate coastline Control the Mississippi River Capture Richmond

BattleDateStateLeaders N/SV & I 1st Bull Run (North’s name)Manassas (South’s name) July 21, 1861 VirginiaMcDowellBeauregard Confederate victory, led to the Union army ask for 500,000 volunteers

BattleDateStateLeaders N/S V & I 2nd Bull Run (North’s name)Manassas (South’s name) August 29-30, 1862 VirginiaPopeJackson Confederate victory, regain control of most of Virginia, Lee decides to invade the Union

Cavalry crossing Bull Run Creek

BattleDateStateLeaders N/S V & IAntietam (North’s name)Sharpsburg (South’s name) Sept 17, 1862 MarylandMcClellanLee Military draw, seen as political victory for Union, McClellan forced to resign, led to Emancipation Proclamation

Antietam Creek Bridge 1862

Dunker Church (present day memorial and with dead Union & Confederates after 9/17/1862)

BattleDateStateLeader s N/S V & IVicksburg(siege) May 18 – July 4, 1863 MississippiGrant Pembe rton Union victory, gave them control of the Mississippi R. (fulfilled a major part of the Anaconda Plan)

BattleDateStateLeader s N/S V & IGettysburg (Turning Point) July 1–3, 1863 PennsylvaniaMeadeLee Union victory, over 43,000 casualties, South would never invade North again

Pickett’s Charge on the 3 rd day of Gettysburg

BattleDateStateLeader s N/S V & I The Wilderness May 4 – 6, 1864 VirginiaGrantLee Confederate victory, but Union did not retreat & kept pressing Lee

BattleDateStateLeaders N/S Victor & importance of outcomeAtlanta July 16 – Sept 2, 1864 Georgia Sherma n Hood Union captured the “heart of the South” launched the “march to the sea” leading to total war

BattleDateStateLeader s N/S V & I Appomattox Courthouse (Surrender) April 9, 1865 VirginiaGrantLee Lee signs the Unions terms of surrender; Confederates were allowed to return home with property (except weapons) Main Battles

Lee surrenders to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia, April 9, 1965