26.1 Final Battles and End of the Civil War On the Left hand side. This is your title page.

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26.1 Final Battles and End of the Civil War On the Left hand side. This is your title page.

CA. Standards Discuss Abraham Lincoln’s presidency and his significant writing and speeches and their relationships to the Declaration of Independence, such as the Gettysburg Address (1863) Describe the critical developments and events in the war, including the major battles, geographical advantages and obstacles, technological advances, and General Lee’s surrender at Appomattox Explain how the war affected combatants, civilians, the physical environment, and future warfare.

Daily Guided Questions 1.Why are the battles at Gettysburg and Vicksburg considered turning points in the war? 2.What was the main message of Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address and what other American document is it compared with? 3.How did Grant treat the Confederate army after their surrender at Appomattox Court House?

New Union General New Union General, Ambrose Burnside. Acted more boldly than McClellan, but uses old battle tactics. Dec. 1862, marches towards Richmond.

Fredericksburg, VA. December 1862, Burnside attacks Confederates with waves and waves of troops. -Loses about 13,000 troops. -South only loses 5,000. -They dug trenches. Lincoln replaces Burnside with General Joseph Hooker.

Chancellorsville, VA May 1863, Hooker’s army is destroyed by Lee’s army. -Lee had half the men Hooker did. -Did lose one of his generals, Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson killed. Hooker is replaced by General George Meade. Lee heads north.

Hooker (Union) Jackson (CSA)

Meade (USA)

Gettysburg, PA July 1-3, ,000 troops led by Meade clashed with 75,000 troops led by Lee. Pickett’s Charge, 13,000 Confederate troops died. Will be the bloodiest battle of the war. -North will lose 23,000. -South will lose 28,000. Meade fails to follow Lee’s army and is fired.

Vicksburg, MS Fort needed to be captured to control the Mississippi River. Starting in May 1863, Grant lay siege to the fort. -Cut off supplies to fort. -Confederates ate mules, dogs, and rats. July 4, 1863, Confederates surrendered. Second part of Anaconda Plan complete.

The Gettysburg Address November 19, 1863, Lincoln speaks at a dedication of a national cemetery at Gettysburg, PA. In two minute speech explains. -Why this country was founded. -Will this country survive. -Why people are dying to keep this country together. Will be recognized as the best speech ever given.

Grant vs. Lee Gen. Ulysses S. Grant -Came from a poor family. -Near the bottom in his class at West Point. -Forced to resign due to his heavy drinking and fighting with commanders. -After the war will serve two terms as President. Gen. Robert E. Lee -Came from rich family. -Father was war hero. -Top of his class at West Point. -Superintendent of West Point. -After the war, became president of Washington College.

Cont. Grant is given control of the Union Army, Spring Will fight Lee’s army for seven weeks. -Battle of the Wilderness. -Spotsylvania -Cold Harbor, Grant will lose 5,000 troops in 30 min. Losses: Union, 55,000/ Confederate 35,000. Grant heads to Richmond, Va.

March to Sea June 1864, William T. Sherman ordered to take the heart of the South, Atlanta, GA. Practiced total war, all out attack to destroy enemies armies, land, resources, and people’s will to fight. Burns Atlanta to the ground, Nov. Continues to the Atlantic Ocean, leaving a path of destruction, then marches north.

Richmond June 1864, Siege of Petersburg, south of Richmond. Grant and Lee fight for ten months. Lee leaves Richmond undefended. Union marches into Richmond in April Grant’s army follow Lee west.

Appomattox Court House Lee was unable to continue fighting. Lee surrenders on April 9, Grant offers generous terms. -Must surrender arms. -Return home in peace. -Take possessions and horses. -Feed hungry.

Toll of War 3 million fought on both sides. North -360,000 soldiers dead. -37,000 African American soldiers. South 260,000 soldiers dead. 500,000 wounded for both sides.

3 rd Civil War Letter Exchange your second letter with your partner and respond to the letter. -If your partner didn’t write a letter don’t worry, continue to write to them (many didn’t receive letters due to many reasons). Use what you learned today to have something to write about. 100 words, date this letter 1864.

Analyzing Primary Sources Read Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address. Answer the questions in the back. -Vocabulary, 1-5 -Constructed Response and Critical Thinking. Write down the questions and full answer.

Study Guide 185 Copy down Study Guide pg Fill it out by using your notes or reading pg