Building European Operational Capabilities GMES ESA plans linked to IGOL O. Arino, rome, 14 September 2004

User process ( ) Project now and in short term future Environmental convention (UNFCCC/Kyoto) GLOBCOVER ATSR/AATSR World Fire Atlas Global Monitoring for Food Security Operationalisation: GMES and the Sentinels IGOL perequation and topics

User requirements consolidation Service Development User Group: shall devote, at least, 3 man/month of work to the project. This is formalised through letters of commitment (preparation phase). EO data Products Service Data access & ground truthing Support to products validation Service assessment User Involvement during the Project

Projects name: KYOTOINV, GLOBWETLAND, DESERTWATCH, ALPINE Usernames: UNFCCC, RAMSAR, UNCCD,, ALPINE CONVENTION, NPoCs International Scientific Programs NGOs National Governmental Ministries, Agencies Environmental conventions Intergovernmental Organisations Projects name:GLOBCARBON, MEDSPIRATION, TEMIS, GLOBICE, GLOBCOLOUR Usernames: IGBP, GODAE, GOFC, WCRP, IOCCG Projects name: DUDES,, GLOBCOVER, CONTRAIL, EPIDEMIO, GLOBAER, BeGO Usernames: EC, UNEP, FAO, EUROCONTROL, WHO, ECMWF, UNESCO Projects name: ITALSCAR, SLAM, COASTCHART, TEMIS Usernames: CPA, ENV MINISTRIES, HYDROGRAPHIC OFFICES, MET OFFICES Projects name: HUMAN, URBEX Usernames: MSF, WWF User’s Portfolio

Global: Globcover, Globcarbon, ATSR WFA Regional: FOREST, KYOTO INV: continuity ensured up to 2008 SAGE (Land Ecosystems), GUS (Urban): continuity ensured up to 2008 GMFS: continuity ensured up to 2008 RISK-EOS (Flood and Fire for CPAs): up to 2008 GLOBWETLAND (RAMSAR) up to end 2006 DESERTWATCH (UNCCD) up to end 2006 DUDES (IGM) AQUIFER (OSS) BeGO (UNESCO) EPIDEMIO (WHO) HUMAN (MSF) 16 relevant project running today: 20 Meuro Next GMES call: 43 Meuro Projects now and in future

ESA supports: ESA supports: UNCCD; UNCCD; World Heritage Convention; World Heritage Convention; Ramsar Convention on Wetlands; Ramsar Convention on Wetlands; UNFCCC; UNFCCC; ESA attending key events: ESA attending key events: World Summit, Johannesburg, South Africa, 2002; World Summit, Johannesburg, South Africa, 2002; COP 8 of the UNFCCC, New Delhi, India, 2002; COP 8 of the UNFCCC, New Delhi, India, 2002; COP 8 of the Ramsar Convention, Valencia, Spain, 2002; COP 8 of the Ramsar Convention, Valencia, Spain, 2002; COP 6 of the UNCCD, La Havana, Cuba, 2003; COP 6 of the UNCCD, La Havana, Cuba, 2003; COP9 of the UNFCCC, Milano, 2003; COP9 of the UNFCCC, Milano, 2003; ESA Supporting International Conventions

TESEO-Carbon TESEO-Desertification TESEO-Wetlands TEMIS (Air quality) Kyoto-Inventory GlobCarbon (Carbon Cycle) Forest Monitoring GMES GlobWetland (Managing Ramsar sites) BEGo (Gorilla Habitat Mapping) Aquifer Management Desertification Monitoring TEMIS Forest Monitoring GMES

Soil data Carbon estimates per sample plot field data and default values Forest inventory field data (sample plots) Biomass Expansion Factores (BEF) IN-SITU DATA GermanyGreeceFrench Guiana EO STRATIFICATION Forest type & land use derived from optical and SAR data FOREST MONITORING LULUCF – Services for National Greenhouse Gas Reporting Current Users: BMVEL - Germany; NOA - Greece; MAPAAR - France Responsible for UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol reporting (Art. 3.3, 3.4)Services: Maps and Statistics for Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) 1990 baseline assessment of Forest and Land use area Carbon Stock and annual changes Error Budget and Minimum reliable estimate Utility: Consistent 1990 baseline assessment Cost reduction and highest level of reliability Compliance with COP decisions and LULUCF Good Practice Guidance Guidlines CARBON BUDGET tons tonsCarbon stock ha haForest area Minimum reliable estimate Average estimate SAMPLE

Land Use Map Land Use Change /ARD Map 0,5 ha minimum mappable unit 1:50000 scale 95% thematic accuracy Statistic data associated Prototype on 13 test sites Full/half coverage for I, CH, NL, SP Forest Map KYOTO-INV Services for national reporting on LULUCF activities under the Kyoto Protocol Wetland Forest Unproductive Water Urban_Area Grassland Annual_Crop

Italian Land Use Change: Tuscany KYOTO-INV Services for national reporting on LULUCF activities under the Kyoto Protocol

ESA - JRC - FAO - UNEP - GOFC - IGBP GLOBCOVER INITIATIVE Context Build on European experience (GLC2000,…) GMES preparation (Operationalisation) The initiative Specifications Olivier Arino, ESA/ESRIN Frédéric Achard, EC/JRC John Latham, FAO Ron Witt, UNEP Kathleen Neumann GOFC LC Steven Plummer, IGBP The GLOBCOVER Initiative

Why GLOBCOVER (O. Arino) The IGOS Land theme and the GOFC strategy (S. Briggs) The GLOBCARBON example (S. Plummer) Building on GLC2000 and preparing GMES (A. Belward) The MERIS FR data collection (H. Laur) The MERIS FR processor status (A. Buongiorno) The MERIS FR data quality (S. Delwart) The UNEP requirements (R, Witt) The FAO requirements (J, Latham) The GLOCOVER specification (F. Achard) The GOFC LC role in GLOBCOVER (Katleen Newmann) The GLOBCOVER User Requirements: April 2004

The GLOBCOVER Initiative Partnership: ESA - JRC Programs: GOFC - IGBP Users: FAO, UNEP, UN Conventions (CCD, CB) Objectives: Global Land Cover Map in 2005 by using ENVISAT MERIS data at 300m (15 bands) Schedule: Definition phase Spring 2004 Invitation To Tender July 2004 KO December 2004 First Monthly Mosaic September 2005 GLOBCOVER V1 September 2006 GLOBCOVER V2 September 2007 Validation September 2008 Implementation: One European consortium industry/companies

1)Aqcuisitions: From 01st December 2005 to 31st March 2006 Land area between 82 o North & 56 o South Estimated Total volume of input data = 20 TB Pre-processing -Geometric corrections (< 150m geo-location accuracy) -Radiometric corrections (BRDF needed for high Latitudes) -Cloud and Haze masking -Temporal compositing 2)Classification (interpretation) Production of a global land cover map through ESA trained by the GLC-2000 regional map GLOBCOVER V1 Production of an advanced land cover map through JRC and a network of partners GLOBCOVER V2 3)Validation : quality control GLOBCOVER specifications

GLC 2000 regional map GLOBCOVER V1 MERIS FR FS GLOBCOVER strategy MERIS Advanced Products (1/3 km) GLOBCOVER V2

GLOBCOVER Validation GOFC leadership Implemented by companies for GLOBCOVER V1 and by JRC for GLOBCOVER V2 Comparison of the GLOBCOVER global product with “reference” data (GLC-2000 map, others) Comparison with regional maps Use of High Resolution Images sampling

World Fire Atlas 4308 or 312K – 3.7μm channel 4Global present 4ATSR-2 + AATSR 41km*1km 43-day repeat 4monthly files in ascii format (Date, Lat and Long) 4http://earth.esa.int/ionia 4Underestimation, industrial sites not masked, night-time Seasonal distribution of fires in 2000 Jan.Dec.

Seasonal - Interannual

Countries

Climate zone

1 Tree Cover, broadleaved, evergreen 2 Tree Cover, broadleaved, deciduous, closed 3 Tree Cover, broadleaved, deciduous, open 4 Tree Cover, needle-leaved, evergreen 5 Tree Cover, needle-leaved, deciduous 6 Tree Cover, mixed leaf type 7 Tree Cover, regularly flooded, fresh 8 Tree Cover, regularly flooded, saline, (daily variation) 9 Mosaic: Tree cover / Other natural vegetation 10 Tree Cover, burnt 11 Shrub Cover, closed-open, evergreen (with or without sparse tree layer) 12 Shrub Cover, closed-open, deciduous (with or without sparse tree layer) 13 Herbaceous Cover, closed-open 14 Sparse Herbaceous or sparse shrub cover 15 Regularly flooded shrub and/or herbaceous cover 16 Cultivated and managed areas 17 Mosaic: Cropland / Tree Cover / Other Natural Vegetation 18 Mosaic: Cropland / Shrub and/or Herbaceous cover Vegetation: GLC2000

Trend? Need for more data SST trend, D. Llewellyn-Jones et al., 2004

World Fire Atlas: Koeppen and biomass classification: GLC2000 classification: ECMWF: TEMIS (O3, NO2, SO2): Data access: public

Global Monitoring for Food Security provides operational services to support decision making in famine relief and agricultural development Services Continental scale crop season monitoring Regional early warning Planning of FAO/WFP Crop and Food Supply Assessement Missions National scale resource base mapping and crop production forecasting High resolution crop type/area + agrometeorological modelling More accurate information for national ministries and international donors User Group Southern African Development Community Regional Early Warning Unit, Zimbabwe Ministry of Agriculture and Centre de Suivi Ecologique, Senegal Sudan Meteorological Authority, Khartoum AGRHYMET/CILSS, Niger Ministry of Agriculture, Malawi Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome World Food Programme, Rome European Commission DG-JRC

Continental Scale Monitoring Southern Africa Users: SADC-REWU, EC/JRC

Support to Crop and Food Supply Assessment Missions Users: FAO and WFP Base maps provided to FAO/WFP for planning Missions in April 2004: - Mozambique - Malawi - Zimbabwe CountryYa/Ym relative to 5 yr avg(%) Malawi-24 ProvinceYa/Ym relative to 5 yr avg(%) CENTRAL-21 NORTHERN-13 SOUTHERN-30 Maize

Sub-national production forecast Senegal, 2003 User: Ministry Agriculture, Senegal Millet yield forecasts 2003 relative to 10-year average Peanut yield forecasts 2003 relative to 10-year average Average = + 5% Average = - 6%

Malawi - Nchisi, Acreage and planting time (sub-national coverage) Acreage (ha) at sub-district level

Sentinel 1: C band interferometric radar Sentinel 2: SPOT/LANDSAT continuity Sentinel 3: Medium Resolution/Altimeter, SST Sentinel 4: Polar Orbiting Atmospheric Sentinel 5: Geostationary Atmospheric GMES and the Sentinels

Land Cover Land Use and Change Natural and Managed Ecosystems Cross cutting (Soil and Elevation) Improve Science (in situ, validation) Operationalisation (socio ecomomic value and data) IGOL Topics and Paragone