KEY PEOPLE AND KEY EVENTS

Key events and People 1745-1783

King George III King of England during the Revolutionary War era Ruled the colonist

French and Indian War Who: French and Indians vs. Great Brittan What: 7yr war over land When: 1745/1755 Where: Ohio River Valley, India and Caribbean Why: A struggle over land to expand the empires Great Brittan wins!

Proclamation of 1763 Who: King of England, colonist and Native Americans What: Imaginary line separating colonist from Native Americans When: 1763 Where: Appalachian Mountains and the colonies Why: To avoid conflict with the Natives, King George also tries to keep colonist in the palm of his hand.

Stamp Act Who: Colonist and Great Brittan What: A tax on all printed materials When: 1765 Where: 13 colonies Why: To get rid of debt from French and Indian War

Quartering Act Who: Colonist, Great Brittan and soldiers What: Colonist had to pay for the soldiers’ home and furnishings When: 1765 Where: 13 colonies Why: Save the king money

Townshend Acts Who: colonist and British Government What: a tax on all imported goods When: 1767 Where: 13 colonies Why: pay of all debt and soldiers

Paul Revere Rode to Lexington to warn Samuel Adams that British were coming, calling “The British are coming!” Member of the Sons of Liberty Made the Boston Massacre pix

Boston Massacre Who: British troops and colonist What: A protest turned ugly and 5 Bostonians shot and killed by British troops When: 1770 Where: Boston, Ma Why: Tension is building between Great Brittan and the colonist The Bloody Massacre painted by Paul Revere

Tea Act Who: British Government (Parliament) and colonist What: A tax on tea When: 1773 Where: 13 colonies Why: pay off debt from the French and Indian war +

Samuel Adams Helped start Sons of Liberty Helped write Declaration of Independence

Boston Tea Party Who: Sons of Liberty What: A protest of British tea where the S.O.L. dress up as Native Americans and throw 342 chests of tea into the Boston Harbor When: 17713 Where: Boston Harbor Why: Protest the tax on tea

THE INTOLERABLE ACTS Close Boston Harbor Dismiss colonial legislatures Quarter more troops in homes

First Continental Congress Who: Leaders of 12 colonies (no Georgia) What: A group of delegates who came together to make a list of complaints about King George III When: 1774 Where: Philadelphia, PA Why: To urge the king to consider their complaints and consider their rights

John Adams Leader in the independence movement Part of the first and second congress Championed the cause of Freedom

Patrick Henry Outspoken member of House of Burgesses; inspired colonial patriotism with “Give me liberty or give me death” speech

Benjamin Franklin Prominent member of Continental Congress; helped frame the Declaration of Independence

Ben Franklin Quotes Any fool can criticize, condemn and complain and most fools do. A man wrapped up in himself makes a very small bundle. A good conscience is a continual Christmas. By failing to prepare, you are preparing to fail. Does thou love life? Then do not squander time; for that's the stuff life is made of. At the signing of the Declaration of Independence Read more: http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/ b/benjamin_franklin_2.html#ixzz1k7VwpIA 6

We must all hang together, or assuredly we shall all hang separately. They who can give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety. Franklin's Contributions to the Conference on February 17 (III) Fri, Feb 17, 1775 We must all hang together, or assuredly we shall all hang separately. UPON SIGNING THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE 11

Battle of Lexington and Concord Who: British vs. Minutemen What: first two battles of the Revolution When: 1775 Where: Lexington and Concord Why: To fight for freedom. Americans loose at Lexington but conquer at Concord.

George Washington Was a general in the Revolutionary War Commander of the continental army; He held it together. Fought in the French and Indian War

Declaration of Independence Who: Continental Congress What: A document to declare independence from Great Brittan When: July 4, 17776 Where: Philadelphia, PA Why: To secure our right NO MORE TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION!!!

Thomas Jefferson Wrote most of the Declaration of independence

Jefferson Quotes All tyranny needs to gain a foothold is for people of good conscience to remain silent. In matters of style, swim with the current; In matters of principle, stand like a rock. 7

Ideas concerning Government: John Locke Ideas concerning Government: Englishman

The Crisis: 2 books that changed History Thomas Payne Wrote Common Sense & The Crisis: 2 books that changed History

THESE are the times that try men's souls THESE are the times that try men's souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of their country; but he that stands by it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman. Tyranny, like hell, is not easily conquered; yet we have this consolation with us, that the harder the conflict, the more glorious the triumph. What we obtain too cheap, we esteem too lightly: it is dearness only that gives every thing its value. Heaven knows how to put a proper price upon its goods; and it would be strange indeed if so celestial an article as FREEDOM should not be highly rated. Britain, with an army to enforce her tyranny, has declared that she has a right (not only to TAX) but "to BIND us in ALL CASES WHATSOEVER" and if being bound in that manner, is not slavery, then is there not such a thing as slavery upon earth. Even the expression is impious; for so unlimited a power can belong only to God. 13

Phillis Wheatley A former slave who wrote poems and plays supporting American independence http://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/wheatley/wheatley.html

Battle of Saratoga Who: British troops vs. Continental Army What: turning point of Revolutionary War When: 1777 Where: Saratoga Springs, NY Why: To get independence from Great Britain. Frontier men fight guerrilla warfare. Patriots win and we get help from France and Spain.

Surrender of Yorktown Who: British troops vs. Continental Army What: final battle of the war When: 1781 Where: Yorktown, VA Why: General Cornwallis is surrounded; French Navy blocks his retreat to the sea and Washington and French attack. He surrenders to General Washington, ending the war. PATRIOTS WIN!!!!!

Lord Cornwallis British General Surrendered to Washington at Yorktown Shocked they lost the War He claimed to be ill, so he did not have to surrender in person

Treaty of Paris Who: British Government and the Continental Congress What: treaty that officially ended the Revolutionary War with Great Britain When: 1783 Where: Paris, France Why: We got our independence, we are now the United States of America!!

Who are these people? What are they doing? 12