The Conflict Begins King George & Parliament vs. The Colonies

The Debt How does England pay for the French and Indian War? Sugar Act.Parliament will begin to pay for the debt from the war with the Sugar Act. molasses and sugarThis was a tax on molasses and sugar. These were everyday items. ParliamentColonist were angered by the tax because they had no voice in the Parliament back in England. “No taxation without representation” is born.The slogan “No taxation without representation” is born.

Boycotts begin BoycottBoycott – This is a refusal to buy or support specific goods. hurtThe aim of the boycotts was to hurt the British economy and draw attention to the colonists frustration.

Stamp Act 1765 official stamp, or seal, when they bought paper items.This act required colonists to pay for an official stamp, or seal, when they bought paper items. This was a direct tax on the people. Protests began immediately. Sons of LibertyThe Sons of Liberty are born in Boston. rights and libertiesColonists began saying that this was a violation of their rights and liberties. Mr. Duvall

THE BIG MISTAKE Parliament repealed the Stamp Act under pressure from London merchants that were suffering the boycotts. biggest mistakeThis was the Parliaments biggest mistake. empowerment or control over themselves.By repealing the Stamp Act, they gave the colonists a sense of empowerment or control over themselves. Parliament would never get their full authority back again. Declaratory Acts.Parliament realized this because they immediately passed the Declaratory Acts. The Declaratory Acts basically said Parliament had the right to make laws for the colonies.

The Townshend Acts 1767 This is another tax on the colonists that gives raise to the Daughters of Liberty. It further angers the colonies.

The Boston Massacre Sons of Liberty as a piece of propaganda.This event is important because of its uses by the Sons of Liberty as a piece of propaganda. PropagandaPropaganda – The spreading of ideas, information, or rumor for the purpose of helping or injuring a cause. Paul ReverePaul Revere picture ignites the colonists against the British (England)

The Boston Tea Party Tea ActThis event is caused by the Tea Act. (1773) This allowed the British East India Company to sell tea directly to the colonists. This gave them an unfair advantage over colony merchants. The Sons of Liberty will dump 340 chests of tea into Boston Harbor (December 1773) in protest.The Sons of Liberty will dump 340 chests of tea into Boston Harbor (December 1773) in protest. This leads to the Intolerable Acts.

Intolerable Acts closedThey closed Boston Harbor Massachusetts's legislature is limited (Government) Royal officials guaranteed friendly judge and jury. Quartering ActQuartering Act is imposed (House soldiers) Colony of Quebec received large piece of land.

First Continental Congress This was a gathering of colonial leaders who were troubled with the relationship between the colonies and Great Britain (England). Declaration of Rights.They will send King George III of England a Declaration of Rights. They did not want to separate from England at this time.

“Patriot” In time, individuals like Patrick Henry, would begin to refer to themselves as Patriots. PatriotPatriot – A colonist who chooses to fight for independence from Great Britain.

Lexington and Concord April 1775 “The Shot heard round the World” Paul Revere and others set out to warn the rebels that the British Army was on the move. Minutemen will meet the army just outside the town of Lexington. Shots were fired! RedcoatsThe Redcoats (British soldiers) marched on to Concord to find no guns or ammunitions.

“Common Sense Thomas Paine.This was a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine. He argued that citizens should make the laws not kings and queens. (This is crazy talk at this time in history.) any benefitHe also made an argument about the benefits of staying a colony with England. The question he poised was there any benefit to stay with England. He supported economic freedom.He supported economic freedom.

Declaration of Independence Thomas JeffersonWritten by Thomas Jefferson The document was broken into four parts. Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of HappinessThe first part discusses that people have unalienable rights. (Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness) The second part discusses the grievances against the king. (What he did wrong) suppress its people.The third part covers the right of people to break away from governments that suppress its people. Finally, it states that we are a free people and formally break away from England.Finally, it states that we are a free people and formally break away from England.

Second Continental Congress They meet again in May of They form the Continental Army (An army to fight the British). George WashingtonThey named George Washington as its leader of the army.

The Battle Bunker Hill This fight took place outside of Boston on Breed’s Hill. “Don’t fire until you see the whites of their eyes.”The Continental Army was low on supplies and ammunition. The rebel commander would give the order “Don’t fire until you see the whites of their eyes.” It would take three attempts by the British to take the hill before success. (700 men dead) ** Bunker Hill was a moral victory for the Continental Army. It gave them the idea that they could fight with the British Army and with the proper equipment even beat them.**** Bunker Hill was a moral victory for the Continental Army. It gave them the idea that they could fight with the British Army and with the proper equipment even beat them.**

Battle of New York General HoweGeneral Howe of the British Army destroyed the Patriot Army led by Washington at New York sending the Continental Army fleeing. (1776)

Battle of Trenton (1776) General WashingtonGeneral Washington of the Continental Army was in need of a victory for his army. It was in danger of falling apart. HessiansHe decided to attack a portion of the British Army that was lead by Hessians the day after Christmas. Delaware RiverHe crossed the Delaware River at night and surprised the sleeping army in the morning.

Battle of Princeton (1777) General Cornwallis of the British Army was angry with Washington’s tactics rushed to catch Washington after Trenton. Washington tricked Cornwallis and defeated him at Princeton.Washington tricked Cornwallis and defeated him at Princeton. These two victories gave the needed boost of energy the Continental Army needed.

Battle of Saratoga the turning pointThis battle is considered the turning point in the war. It was the turning point for several reasons. largest armies in the northFirst: One of the largest armies in the north surrendered to the Continental Army. navySecond: King Louis XVI of France signed a treaty with the colonists. He agreed to send troops and a navy. (Spain also joins the colonists side.) Third: Morale soars and leads to the army increasing in size.

Valley Forge Washington camped here for the winter of Valley Forge was a winter of suffering for the Continental Army. Over 2000 soldiers would die that winter (starvation and sickness). It symbolized the colonist’s resolve for freedomIt symbolized the colonist’s resolve for freedom.

War in the South General Cornwallis General Nathanael Green of the Continental Army.General Cornwallis of the British Army made a major mistake after several battles with General Nathanael Green of the Continental Army. He moved his army to Yorktown for supplies and to make contact with the British Navy. General George WashingtonGeneral George Washington took the opportunity and moved several armies to surround Cornwallis at Yorktown. French Navy trapped his army and cut off the sea.Cornwallis hoped to escape by sea but the French Navy trapped his army and cut off the sea. He was forced to surrender the largest army in America to General Washington.He was forced to surrender the largest army in America to General Washington.

The Treaty of Paris Great Britain had to recognize the independence of the United States. Establish the border to the United States ending at the Mississippi River. Spain got Florida back from England.