The “Era of Good Feelings” ( ) The “Era of Good Feelings” ( ) Expansion of Territories, transportation, and Manifest Destiny

Essential Questions: What were the major characteristics of “The Era of Good Feelings?” of Good Feelings?” What factors influenced American westward movement? Essential Questions: What were the major characteristics of “The Era of Good Feelings?” of Good Feelings?” What factors influenced American westward movement?

Expansion resulting from the Louisiana Purchase and the War of 1812 The Louisiana Purchase inspired many Americans to explore and settle westward into the new to explore and settle westward into the new territory, acquired by Thomas Jefferson in 1803 territory, acquired by Thomas Jefferson in 1803 The American victory over the British in the The American victory over the British in the War of 1812 produced an American claim to the War of 1812 produced an American claim to the Oregon Territory and increased migration of Oregon Territory and increased migration of American settlers into Florida, which was later American settlers into Florida, which was later acquired by treaty from Spain. acquired by treaty from Spain.

Expansion resulting from the Louisiana Purchase and the War of 1812 (Con’t) Economic and strategic interests, supported by popular beliefs, led to territorial expansion to the Pacific Ocean. The new American republic prior to the Civil War experienced dramatic territorial expansion, immigration, economic growth, and industrialization.

Expansion resulting from the Louisiana Purchase and the War of 1812 (Con’t) Americans, stirred by their hunger for land and the ideology of “Manifest Destiny,” flocked to new frontiers. American settlers streamed westward from the coastal states into the Midwest, Southwest, and Texas, seeking economic opportunity in the form of land to own and farm.

The Election of 1816 [The Demise of the Federalist Party!]

Adams-Onis Treaty, 1819 Spain transfers Florida to the US

The Monroe Doctrine, 1823 The Monroe Doctrine (1823) stated the following: – The American continents should not be considered for future colonization by any considered for future colonization by any European powers. European powers. – Nations in the Western Hemisphere were inherently different from those of Europe— i.e., inherently different from those of Europe— i.e., they were republics by nature rather than they were republics by nature rather than monarchies. monarchies.

The Monroe Doctrine, 1823 (Con’t) – The United States would regard as a threat to its own peace and safety any attempt by its own peace and safety any attempt by European powers to impose their system on European powers to impose their system on any independent state in the Western any independent state in the Western Hemisphere. Hemisphere. – The United States would not interfere in European affairs. European affairs.

The Monroe Doctrine, 1823 (Con’t) 3.What would the US do if the warning was not headed? Monroe Doctrine Monroe Doctrine 2.What warning is given to the European countries? 1.What foreign policy principles are established? Referred to as “America’s Self-Defense Doctrine” Referred to as “America’s Self-Defense Doctrine”

Economic Nationalism Encourage Creativity & Inventiveness. Encourage Creativity & Inventiveness. Create a Transportation Infrastructure. Create a Transportation Infrastructure. Create a Pro-Business Atmosphere. Create a Pro-Business Atmosphere. Westward movement and economic development Westward movement and economic development

The American System Proposed by Sec. of State Henry Clay Proposed by Sec. of State Henry Clay Created Protective tariffs Created Protective tariffs Charters of the Second Bank of the United States Charters of the Second Bank of the United States Internal improvements at federal expense. - National Road Internal improvements at federal expense. - National Road Henry Clay, “The Great Compromiser” Henry Clay, “The Great Compromiser”

By 1832, nearly 2400 mi. of road connected most major cities. First Turnpike Lancaster, PA (1790)

The American System: The National [Cumberland] Road

1817 – – miles  Albany to Buffalo. 363 miles  Albany to Buffalo. Much further than any other American or European canal. Much further than any other American or European canal. The Erie Canal

The Erie Canal, 1820s

Erie Canal System

Robert Fulton & the Steamboat Thanks to the expansion of the canal system, Steam Boats became an essential part of American Commerce and travel.

The American System WEST  got roads, canals, and federal aide. WEST  got roads, canals, and federal aide. EAST  got the backing of protective tariffs from the West. EAST  got the backing of protective tariffs from the West. SOUTH  ?? SOUTH  ??

The American System The growth of railroads and canals helped the growth of an industrial economy and supported the westward movement of settlers.

American migration into Texas led to an armed revolt American migration into Texas led to an armed revolt against Mexican rule and a famous battle at the Alamo, in which a band of Texans fought to the last man against a vastly superior force. The Texans’ eventual victory over Mexican forces subsequently brought Texas into the United States. against Mexican rule and a famous battle at the Alamo, in which a band of Texans fought to the last man against a vastly superior force. The Texans’ eventual victory over Mexican forces subsequently brought Texas into the United States. The American victory in the Mexican War during the 1840s led to the acquisition of an enormous territory that included the present-day states of California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and parts of Colorado and New Mexico. The American victory in the Mexican War during the 1840s led to the acquisition of an enormous territory that included the present-day states of California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and parts of Colorado and New Mexico. Westward movement and economic development

Impact on the American Indians The belief that it was America’s “Manifest Destiny” to stretch from the Atlantic to the Pacific provided political support for territorial expansion. The belief that it was America’s “Manifest Destiny” to stretch from the Atlantic to the Pacific provided political support for territorial expansion. During this period of westward migration, American During this period of westward migration, American Indians were repeatedly defeated in violent conflicts Indians were repeatedly defeated in violent conflicts with settlers and soldiers and forcibly removed from with settlers and soldiers and forcibly removed from their ancestral homelands. their ancestral homelands. They were either forced to march far away from their homes (the “Trail of Tears,” when several tribes were relocated from Atlantic Coastal states to Oklahoma) or confined to reservations. They were either forced to march far away from their homes (the “Trail of Tears,” when several tribes were relocated from Atlantic Coastal states to Oklahoma) or confined to reservations.

Manifest Destiny

Manifest Destiny is? Belief that the United States has the right and duty to expand to the Pacific OceanBelief that the United States has the right and duty to expand to the Pacific Ocean Pacific Ocean Atlantic OceanPacific Ocean Atlantic Ocean WESTWARD EXPANSIONWESTWARD EXPANSION

United States Territories Treaty of Paris (1783)Treaty of Paris (1783) Louisiana Purchase (1803)Louisiana Purchase (1803) Florida (Spanish) Cession (1819)Florida (Spanish) Cession (1819) Texas Annexation (1845)Texas Annexation (1845) Oregon Country (1846)Oregon Country (1846) Mexican Cession (1848)Mexican Cession (1848) Gadsden Purchase (1853)Gadsden Purchase (1853)

Treaty of Paris (1783) American Colonist gained this territory due to the American Revolution.American Colonist gained this territory due to the American Revolution. Great Britain Agreed to give this territory to American ColonistGreat Britain Agreed to give this territory to American Colonist 13 colonies is part of this territory13 colonies is part of this territory

Louisiana Purchase (1803) Purchased from France for $15 million dollarsPurchased from France for $15 million dollars President Thomas Jefferson proposed this purchasedPresident Thomas Jefferson proposed this purchased Napoleon agreed (He needs $ to help fight wars in EuropeNapoleon agreed (He needs $ to help fight wars in Europe Lewis and Clark Explored this territoryLewis and Clark Explored this territory

Florida (Spanish) Cession (1819) Spain Sold Florida to the U.S. $5 million dollarsSpain Sold Florida to the U.S. $5 million dollars Land includes: Florida, parts of Alabama, Mississippi, and LouisianaLand includes: Florida, parts of Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana President James Monroe purchased this territory.President James Monroe purchased this territory. Spain Sold this land because they knew U.S. could easily take Florida from them.Spain Sold this land because they knew U.S. could easily take Florida from them.

Texas Annexation (1845) Texas is owned by Mexico.Texas is owned by Mexico. Mexico decided to let American’s move there. (S.F.A.)Mexico decided to let American’s move there. (S.F.A.) Santa Anna-PresidentSanta Anna-President Texas RevolutionTexas Revolution Republic of TexasRepublic of Texas Anson Jones/AnnexationAnson Jones/Annexation President James Polk accepts Texas AnnexationPresident James Polk accepts Texas Annexation

Oregon Country (1846) U.S. and Great Britain agrees to share Oregon Country. (1818)U.S. and Great Britain agrees to share Oregon Country. (1818) Marcos Whitman and others wrote letters to encourage migration (1836)Marcos Whitman and others wrote letters to encourage migration (1836) Pioneers began moving to Oregon-Wagon Travel, harsh conditions, disease Oregon Trail Game (1837)Pioneers began moving to Oregon-Wagon Travel, harsh conditions, disease Oregon Trail Game (1837) U.S. and Great Britain agrees to divide the Oregon country.U.S. and Great Britain agrees to divide the Oregon country.

Mexican Cession (1848) Texas is admitted into the UnionTexas is admitted into the Union Mexico is mad, Texas is still their land.Mexico is mad, Texas is still their land. Argument breaks out between U.S. and Mexico (boundaries) Shot firedArgument breaks out between U.S. and Mexico (boundaries) Shot fired U.S. Pays 15 millionU.S. Pays 15 million Treaty of Guadalupe HidalgoTreaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Makes up the Southwest U.S.Makes up the Southwest U.S.

Gadsden Purchase (1853) Wanted to build a railroad from east to CaliforniaWanted to build a railroad from east to California Did not want to cross the Rocky Mts.Did not want to cross the Rocky Mts. Looking for Flat LandLooking for Flat Land They purchased this land from Mexico for $10 Million dollarsThey purchased this land from Mexico for $10 Million dollars Land today, Southern part of New Mexico and ArizonaLand today, Southern part of New Mexico and Arizona

Alaska Purchase The acquisition of the Alaska territory by the United States from the Russian Empire in the year 1867 by a treaty ratified by the Senate.The acquisition of the Alaska territory by the United States from the Russian Empire in the year 1867 by a treaty ratified by the Senate. Russia, fearing a war with Britain that would allow the British to seize Alaska, wanted to sellRussia, fearing a war with Britain that would allow the British to seize Alaska, wanted to sell

Questions?