Lindsey Nemshick. Why Pompeii not Herculaneum? Pre-Roman Burials Biographies Marcus Porcius Marcus Tullius Arellia Tertulla Areas of Debate Conclusion.

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Presentation transcript:

Lindsey Nemshick

Why Pompeii not Herculaneum? Pre-Roman Burials Biographies Marcus Porcius Marcus Tullius Arellia Tertulla Areas of Debate Conclusion

Samnite Cemetery Dates: 2 nd -4 th Centuries BC Scanty Evidence Pottery, coins, and a bronze mirror Primarily inhumation burials Plain fossae enclosed with tiles What can we possibly deduce from this type of burial practice?

Recall: Roman colonization dates? Who defeated Pompeii? Colonist Contributions Theaters, baths, temples, town walls, and funerary customs * Direct connection between Roman arrival in Pompeii and the shift from inhumation burials to cremation Evidence: The Epidii family

Are the placement of tombs, lining the streets, a sign that tombs were important to the people of Pompeii? Or is it possible that this location, on the outskirts of town, trivialized tombs, rendering them insignificant?

Henrik Mouritsen Cyclic changes in funerary practice Decline in elite tombs and rise of tombs of freedmen and freedwomen (same time) Did the elite shift their burials back on private property for exclusivity?

Potential Magnitude of Funerary Landscape Graffiti as “community announcements” Feasts Birthday or anniversary of the death of the deceased Parentalia (Roman feast of All Souls) Gardens Meals shared

“Funerary monuments, created to immortalize the dead, in their turn die; tombstones decay, inscriptions weather and stone crumbles and falls. Preservation often entails removal and reuse and once isolated from the cemetery the role of the monument, to mark and protect the last remains of human life, becomes increasingly obscure. The tombstone is an aid to memory but human memory is all too short and every culture ultimately cannot avoid neglecting and forgetting its mounting dead.” -Valerie M. Hope

Berry, Joanne. The Complete Pompeii. New York: Thames & Hudson, Print. Bradley, Pamela. Cities of Vesuvius: Pompeii and Herculaneum. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, Print. Castell, Dorothea. Funerary Inscriptions in Pompeii: A Study of the Epitaphs of Pompeiian Freed Slaves. Thesis. Lund University, N.p.: Lund University Publications, n.d. Print. Cooley, Alison, and M. G. L. Cooley. Pompeii: A Sourcebook. London: Routledge, Print. Cormack, Sarah. "The Tombs at Pompeii." Ed. Pedar W. Foss. The World of Pompeii. Ed. John J. Dobbins. London; New York: Routledge, Print. Emmerson, Allison. "Evidence for Junian Latins in the Tombs of Pompeii?" Journal of Roman Archaeology 24 (2011): Print. Emmerson, Allison. "Reconstructing the Funerary Landscape at Pompeii's Porta Stabia." Rivista Di Studi Pompeiani 21 (2010): Print. George, Clarke. Pompeii. Vol. 2. London: C. Knight, Print. Hope, Valerie M. "Constructing Roman Identity: Funerary Monuments and Social Structure in the Roman World." Mortality 2.2 (1997): Print. Jashemski, Wilhelmina F. "Tomb Gardens at Pompeii." The Classical Journal 66.2 (1971): JSTOR. Web. 16 Feb Mau, August. Pompeii: Its Life and Art. Trans. Francis W. Kelsey. New Rochelle, NY: Caratzas Brothers, Print. Mouritsen, Henrik. "Freedmen and Decurions: Epitaphs and Social History in Imperial Italy." The Journal of Roman Studies 95 (2005): JSTOR. Web. 1 Mar Toynbee, J. M. C. Death and Burial in the Roman World. Ithaca, NY: Cornell UP, Print.