UTILITY DRIVEN DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT - A STRATEGIC APPROACH TO ENERGY CONSERVATION AND IT’S EXPERIENCE AT JAIPURDISCOM Deepti Mathur Assistant Engineer(DC &DSM) Jaipur DISCOM Jaipur

Economic growth is desirable for developing countries, and energy is essential for economic growth. If India is to achieve the targeted growth in GDP, it would need commensurate input of energy, mainly commercial energy in the form of coal, oil, gas and electricity. India’s fossil fuel reserves are limited. The known reserves of oil and natural gas may last hardly for 18 and 26 years respectively at the current reserves to production ratio. India has huge proven coal reserves (84 billion tonnes) may last for about 200 years but the increasing ash content in Indian Coal as well as associated greenhouse gas emission are the major concern. In the business as usual scenario, the exploitable coal may last for about less than 100 years Introduction

ENERGY DEMAND AND SUPPLY On the energy demand and supply side, India is facing severe shortages 70% of the total petroleum product demand is being met by imports, imposing a heavy burden on foreign exchange (Rs.80,000 crores per year). Country is also facing electric Power Shortages Peak shortage –11% Average shortages – 7% Additional 100,000 MW required by 2012 Approximately Rs billion investment required Further, the per capita consumption in India is too low as compared to developed countries (just 4% of USA and 20% of the world average). The per capita consumption is targetted to to grow to about 1000 kWh per year by 2012

GROWTH OF INSTALLED GENERATING CAPACITY (MW) MW The Indian Power sector has increased it’s installed capacity from 30,000 MW in 1981 to over MW as on June 2008.

IMPORTANCE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION Energy efficiency/conservation measures can reduce peak and average demand. One unit saved avoids 2.5 to 3 times of fresh capacity addition. Investment in energy efficiency/energy conservation is highly cost effective. Can be achieved less than Rs.10 million/MW Also avoids investment in fuel, mining, transportation etc. Keeping the above factors in view and also to provide a policy guidance,Government of India enacted the Energy Conservation Act,2001

Reasons for the inefficiencies in the end use system in India Irrational tariff Use of obsolete Industrial processes and equipments Lack of awareness towards energy conservation Inadequate energy efficiency standards and labeling systems No financial incentives etc.

Steps Taken by the Utilities The power sector has been focusing on new supply and improving supply efficiency and reducing T&D losses The major omission is the neglect of Demand Side Management opportunity in India. There is a clear role and potential for utility driven DSM programs in India.

What is DSM Utility driven DSM can be defined as a concept in which a Power utility, such as an vertically integrated SEB or an unbundled distribution utility manages the demand for power among some or all its customers to meet its current or future needs

Ways to Implement DSM in Indian Utilities By improving energy efficiency of end use appliances - the reduction of kilowatts hours(Kwh) of energy consumption Demand load management-the is reduction of (Kw) of power demand or the displacement of demand to off-peak times.

Results of the activities  Modify the load curve profile  Reduce the network ’ s technical and non- technical losses  Influence and change the equipment – buying habits of customers so that they prefer to adopt efficient technologies  Change consumers ’ energy-using habits and behavior.

Demand Side Management Planning Load Research Evaluating Load –curve modification objectives Market Research Understanding the demand Evaluating and selecting DSM measures Determining DSM programme opportunities Selecting potential technologies

DSM PROGRAMME DESIGN Pilot Programmes- 1.To demonstrate the application of several alternative technologies and observe the way in which they can affect the load curve. 2.To determine the economic and technical feasibility of certain technologies and to zero in on the technology suitable for a large-scale programme. 3.To define and test the capacity of partners on the market, such as manufacturers, distributors, dealers, and engineering! architecture specialists, to determine if they are in a position to participate in a DSM programme. Large Scale Programmes

Six important components of a detailed design plan  Eligibility of the measures  Choice of programme category  Financial incentives  Programme management follow-up  Cost/benefit analysis  Marketing strategies DSM PROGRAMME DESIGN

EXPERINECS OF JVVNL

Jaipur Vidyut Vitran Company……. Jaipur Vidyut Vitran company is a distribution company serving around lacs consumers lacs domestic 3.46 lacs non domestic 3.19 lacs agriculture 57 thousand small industrial, 9.6 thousand medium industrial and around 1.4 thousand large industrial consumers. The yearly energy sales are around L.U. and the revenue assessed is around Rs crores.

OUR AIMS & OBJECTIVES ENERGY EFFICIENCY FOR END USERS ENERGY SAVINGS IN ALL SECTORS……… HENCE INCREASE POTENTIALS FOR MORE REVENUE GENERATING CUSTOMERS FOR THE UTILITY GOOD QUALITY OF SUPPLY-SATISFIED CUSTOMERS FOR THE UTILITY

 DESIGNING OF LIGHTING PROJECT FOR CORPORATE OFFICE.  VISIT TO VARIOUS INDUSTRIES AND SUGGESTING MEASURES FOR POWER FACTOR IMPROVEMENT.  DEMONSTRATION OF STREET LIGHTING POWER SAVER EQUIPMENT.  COMPREHENSIVE AWARENESS CAMPAIGN WITH THESE AIMS WE MARCHED AHEAD……..

Load Research ….. WE CARRIED OUT END USE LOAD RESEARCH: Identification of different categories of consumers. Survey format design of different categories. Conduct survey of selected consumers. Collection, Compilation & Analysis of load data. Development of load profile curve of each category.

Consumer Level EE in Consumption EE in MBC for Utility EE in Vigilance Transformer Level EE in Technical Losses Feeder Level Performance Contract on a network level

LOAD PROFILES

THE LANDMARKS….. DOMESTIC SECTOR:- AGRICULTURE SECTOR:- INDUSTRIAL SECTOR: MUNICIPAL SERVICES:

The Residential Houses of Chambal Colony Were Selected & Surveyed by DSM Cell. Houses Using Incandescent Lamps Were Selected. 100 Nos. Of 40/60 Watts Incandescent Lamps were Replaced With 15 Watt Compact Fluorescent Lamps(CFL). Noticeable Reduction was Observed in Both Power & Current Without Sacrificing the Comfort. Domestic Sector Lighting – System Improvement By Installing CFL

7 Agricultural Pump Sets Farmers of Saipura Village of Sanganer Subdivision of JVVNL Connected to Same Transformer were Selected  GI Pipes of All the Pump Sets were Replaced With Hygienic HDPE Pipe with Stainless Steel Nipples for Connection to the Impellers of the Pumps.  A Logger at the Transformer was Installed to Record the Various Electrical Parameters to Ascertain the Improvement.  Initial & Final Water Output Along with Energy Consumption were Recorded/ Monitored. Agricultural Sector Efficiency Improvement of Pumping System

Around 17.9% Reduction in kva Around 21.26% Reduction in current Agriculture Pumping System Chart Showing the Improvement KVA/amp Pipe type

Reduction in Kva kva Reduction in Power- 1.2 kw Reduction in Current- 1.7 amps. % Improvement in Water Output- 14.2% % Energy Saving % Agriculture Pumping System Benefits to the Farmer Unit/hr

Municipal Services Energy Saving in Street lighting Energy Saver was Installed at Pillar Post Feeding Street Lights of Sodium Vapour Lamps on Janpath Road Opposite To SMS Stadium near Vidyut Bhavan.  29% Energy Saving is Achieved.  The Affected Lux Value was not More Than 9%

Industrial Sector P.F. Improvement  9 Small Industrial Units Fed From One Transformer of 250 KVA at the Sudarsanpura Industrial Area Were Selected.  Measurement of Power Factor was Carried Out in All the 9 Industries.  Phase Wise Dynamic Reactive Compensation was Provided for Power Factor Improvement.  Results Show Improvement of Pf From 0.32 to 0.99 Resulting in Reduction of Demand and Current up to 30% at the transformer level.

There are such industries & improvement of PF of all units will improve the PF of the system significantly. Industrial Consumers Chart of improvement in Current & Demand by Improving P.F.

OUR GOALS NOW …… AFTER EXPLORING THE RESULTS OF THE DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS IT WAS EVIDENTLY INFERRED THAT THE END USE EFFICIENCY OF AGRICULTURAL PUMP SETS IS DISMALLY LOW. THE AGRICULTURE TARIFF HIGHLY SUBSIDIZED AND USALLY LINKED TO THE CONNECTED LOAD, THE FARMERS HAVE LITTLE INCENTIVE FOR EFFICIENT USE OF ELECTRICITY. THE ENERGY SALES TO THE AGRICULTURE SECTOR IN JPDISCOM ARE AROUND 23% THE ENERGY SAVINGS BY REPLACING GI PIPES IS 15% AND AS KNOWN, BY REPLACING THE EXISTING PUMP SETS WITH ENERGY EFFICIENT PUMP SETS THE SAVINGS ARE ESTIMATED TO BE AROUND 25%, HENCE OVERALL ENERGY SAVINGS ENVISAGED WILL BE AROUND 30%

REVOLUTIONIZING THE AGRICULTURE SECTOR…. WITH ALL THE INFERENCES DRAWN :- A STUDY OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF THE PUMPSETS HAS BEEN UNDERTAKEN.. IN THE FIRST PHASE, ONE OF THE 11KV FEEDERS(BASDI FEEDER) UNDER FPR SELECTED WHICH HAS AROUND 243 PUMP SETS. THE FINANCIAL GAINS FORSEEN:-  TREMENDOUS ENERGY SAVINGS POTENTIAL FROM 2,26087 PUMP SETS OF JAIPUR DISCOM - A SUBSTANTIAL DEMAND SAVING  DEFERRED ADDITION OF CAPACITY AT THE GENERATING END  LEADS TO REDUCTION IN CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS  SAVING OF HUGE AMOUNT OF COAL.  EARNING DOLLARS THRU CARBON TRADING MECAHNISM.

Improving Energy Efficiency in Domestic Lighting  Major Imitative has been taken by Jaipur Discom in improving lighting efficiency of domestic consumers.  Under the Bachat lamp Yojna of BEE three companies M/s Green point Energy, Jaipur, M/s Banyan Environmental Innovations, Hyderabad and M/s Energy Mad & Secure Meters have been given the Project work in different areas of Jaipur Discom.  Under this project two incandescent bulbs of each 15.5 lac domestic consumers will be replaced by CFL at a cost of Rs. 15/- each.  Jaipur Discom will not incur any expenses.  All the cost will be borne by these companies which they shall recover by earning carbon credits under the Clean development Mechanism(CDM).  This shall reduce the peak demand by 140 MW and the savings of electricity of the tune of 250 MU annually. The consumer shall reduce his annual electricity bill almost by Rs. 700.

JVVNL SHALL USHER IN A PRISTINE ERA ……………… BY OFFERING MORE CONSISTENT AND IMPROVED QUALITY OF POWER SUPPLY TO ITS VALUABLE CUSTOMERS ALONG WITH A HEALTHIER MILIEU AND DEDICATED EFFORT TO SAVE OUR MOTHER EARTH