Scientific Revolution A Revolution in Understanding Please pick up and complete a Reading Study Guide!

Please read the below scenario and answer the questions You have two objects, one weighs 4 lbs and the other weighs ½ lb. You have two objects, one weighs 4 lbs and the other weighs ½ lb. You then drop both objects from 7 feet above the ground. You then drop both objects from 7 feet above the ground. 1. Which object will strike the ground first? 2. Explain why you believe that? 3. Design an experiment to prove your hypothesis.

Objectives 1. Compare and contrast geocentric and heliocentric theories 2. Describe the scientific method 3. Describe the contribution to science of: A. Copernicus B. Galileo C. Bacon / Descartes D. Newton

Medieval View Earth-centered view Earth-centered view “Geo-centric” “Geo-centric” Taught through ancient writings of Aristotle Taught through ancient writings of Aristotle Supported by the church Supported by the church

Nicolaus Copernicus Polish cleric Polish cleric Studied the movement of planets Studied the movement of planets

Heliocentric Theory Sun centered view Sun centered view Planets revolved around the sun Planets revolved around the sun Proven mathematically Proven mathematically

Nicolaus Copernicus Polish cleric Polish cleric Studied the movement of planets Studied the movement of planets Heliocentric theory Heliocentric theory Published his findings in 1543 (last year of his life) Published his findings in 1543 (last year of his life) His student was Galileo His student was Galileo

Scientific Method Question Question Hypothesis Hypothesis Experiment Experiment Conclusion Conclusion

Galileo Galilei Italian scientist Italian scientist Observed common events Observed common events Asked Questions Asked Questions Made amazing discoveries! Made amazing discoveries!

Motion experiments - Dropping objects Objects of different weights fall at the same speed

Built one of the first telescopes -Observed the planets -Jupiter's moons Supported Copernicus’s ideas

Conflict with the Church Galileo’s discoveries supported Copernicus Galileo’s discoveries supported Copernicus Differed from church teachings Differed from church teachings Arrested and tried by the Pope (1633) Arrested and tried by the Pope (1633) Confessed to being wrong… Confessed to being wrong…

“With sincere heart and unpretended faith I abjure, curse and detest the aforesaid errors and heresies (of Copernicus) and also every other error…contrary to the Holy Church…”

“But it does move!”

Galileo Falls to the Church Answer these questions on your own paper. (see your homework, question/section 2) 1.Why did Galileo’s findings anger the church? 2.What was Galileo forced to do? Describe. 3.Describe how the interest in science led to a new approach called the Scientific method. Please have your homework out…

Isaac Newton Law of Gravity Describe the heliocentric theory Describe the heliocentric theory Describe the geocentric theory. Describe the geocentric theory. Explain how gravity works? Why do things get pulled toward the earth? Explain how gravity works? Why do things get pulled toward the earth?

Law of Gravity: Isaac Newton English English S tudied Physics S tudied Physics How objects move How objects move Discovered why gravity works Discovered why gravity works Every object attracts other objects Every object attracts other objects This attraction depends on: This attraction depends on: Mass of the objects Mass of the objects Distance apart Distance apart Newton Law of Gravity Published in 1687 Gravity

What was revolutionary about the Scientific Revolution? New interest in science led people to ask questions New interest in science led people to ask questions Needed a standard method to prove the answer Needed a standard method to prove the answer 2 scientists developed a new way to prove 2 scientists developed a new way to prove Used a logical approach to science Used a logical approach to science observation and test observation and test Used mathematics and logic Used mathematics and logic Applied to thinking Applied to thinking The new ‘approach’ called a ‘method’ The new ‘approach’ called a ‘method’ Questions, testing, proof - Francis Bacon - Rene Descartes Scientific Method

Geocentric and Heliocentric 1. Divide your paper in ½ On one side draw the geocentric theory On one side draw the geocentric theory On the other, draw the heliocentric theory On the other, draw the heliocentric theory 2. Next to each drawing, list 3 people or terms associated with each theory (i.e. Aristotle = geocentric)