A presentation made by Gordon, Glenn, Dennis, Sandra and Lena

▲* 18 December 1946 † 12 September 1977 ▲ Bantu Steve Biko was born in King William’s Town on the 18 December 1946 ▲ In 1968 Bantu Steve Biko founded the South African Students Organization (SASO) and was its first president. ▲ In 1972 Bantu Steve Biko became president of the Black People’s Convention. ▲ During the height of Apartheid in March 1973 Bantu Steve Biko was banned. Page 1

Page 2 ▲ in 1976, the BCM, including Bantu Steve Biko, played a large role in organizing the protests which led to the Soweto riots ▲ On 18 August 1977 Bantu Steve Biko was arrested ▲On 11 September 1977 Bantu Steve Biko died in Pretoria prison after a 740-mile -transport ▲the five policemen who were accused of killing Bantu Steve Biko were never prosecuted

▲ After the Sharpville MAssacre in 1960, Biko founded the BCM ▲ The BCM was against Apartheid ▲ They fought for the use of different African dialects and protest against the use of the Afrikaans language in Schools ▲ Biko wanted all people to live together

▲ Frantz Fanon: Biko originally studied medicine, and also like Fanon, Biko developed an intense concern for the development of black consciousness as a solution to the existential struggles which shape existence. ▲ Ghandi and Martin Luther King: Biko had a non-violent influence of Gandhi, and Martin Luther King, as Biko knew that for his struggle to give rise to physical liberation, it was necessary that it exist within the political realities of the apartheid regime, and Biko's non- violence may be seen more as a tactic than a personal conviction

▲ The South African Students' Organisation (SASO) was a part of South African students who resisted apartheid through political action. ▲ The organisation was formed in 1968, spearheaded by Steve Biko, and played a major role in the Black Consciousness Movement. ▲ Up until SASO's formation point, the National Union of South African Students (NUSAS) considered multiracialism to be the solution to racism and apartheid. ▲ The SASO superseded this viewpoint by advocating an identity separate from any white or multi-racial identity, and they succeeded in attracting large numbers of black, coloured, and Indian youths.

▲Mr. Biko was a Xhosa. In addition to Xhosa, he spoke fluent English and fairly fluent Afrikaans. Xhosa: The Xhosa people are a group of peoples of Bantu origins living in south-east South Africa, and in the last two centuries throughout the southern and central southern parts of the country. Bantu is a general term for over 400 different ethnic groups in Africa, from Cameroon to South Africa, united by a common language family (the Bantu languages) and in many cases common customs. Bantu : ▲ In 2004, he was voted 13th in the SABC3's Great South Africans. ▲ Many houses/buildings named after Steve Biko for example: - Santa Barbara Student Housing Cooperative - the bar at the University of Bradford

Great South Africans was a South African television series that aired on SABC3. In September 2004, thousands of South Africans took part in an informal nationwide poll to determine the "100 Greatest South Africans" of all time. Votes were cast by telephone, SMS, and the website of the state-run South African Broadcasting Corporation television channel, SABC3, which aired a series of profiles and documentaries in the weeks leading up to the announcement of the top Nelson Mandela, first president of democratic South Africa 2. Christiaan Barnard, pioneering heart surgeon (1922 – 2001) 3. F.W. de Klerk, former president 4.Mahatma Gandhi, political activist ( ) 5.Nkosi Johnson, child who died of AIDS (1989 – 2001) 6.Winnie Madikizela-Mandela, politician and 2nd wife of Nelson Mandela 7.Thabo Mbeki, current president ( ) 8. Gary Player, golfer ( ) 9. Jan Smuts, statesman ( ) 10. Desmond Tutu, cleric and Nobel Peace Prize winner ( ) 11. Hansie Cronje, cricketer ( ) 12. Charlize Theron, actress and Academy Award winner ( ) 13. Steve Biko, nonviolent political activist ( )