Holding the darkness in the light An act of commemoration before Holocaust Memorial day

Holocaust (Shoah) Extermination camps Auschwitz 1,000,000 Belzec 600,000 Chełmno 320,000 Jasenovac 58,000 – 97,000

Holocaust (Shoah) Extermination camps Majdanek 360,000 Maly Trostinets 65,000 Sobibor 250,000 Treblinka 870,000

Victims killed Jews 5.9 million Soviet POWs 2 – 3 million Ethnic Poles 1.8 – 2 million Romani 220,000 – 1,500,000 Disabled 200,000 – 250,000 Freemasons 80,000 – 200,000 Slovenes 20,000 – 25,000 Homosexuals 5,000 – 15,000 Jehovah's Witnesses 2,500 – 5,000

Genocides from today 89,400 – 130,400, Civil war, Syria, 2011, ongoing 8,813 – 1,400,000, Violent civilian deaths by NATO, Afghanistan, 2001 – ,000 – 52,000, Violent deaths from 1948, Palestine, ongoing 2,000 – 70,000, Persecution of Falun Gong, China, 1999, ongoing Massacres of pygmies, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1998, ongoing

Genocides 864,531 – 1,500,000, Genocide by US, Iraq, 2003 – ,258 – 400,000, Darfur conflict, Sudan, 2003 – ,000 – 8,500, Srebrenica massacre, Bosnia, ,000 – 1,000,000, Rwandan genocide, ,000 – 200,000, Massacres of Mayan Indians, Guatemala, 1962 – 1996

Genocides 44,000 – 150,000, Civil War, Algeria, 1991 – ,000 – 500,000, Mass killings, genocide, Ethiopia, 1974 – ,000 – 200,000, Al-Anfal campaign, Iraq, 1986 – ,600 – 183,000, East Timor, 1975 – 1990s 1,000,000 – 3,000,000, Genocide, Cambodia, 1975 – ,089 – 30,000, Dirty War, Argentina, 1973 – 1983

Genocides Several millions, Starvation, North Korea 100,000, Burmese government killings of Shan, Karen, and NDU, Burma, 1962 – ,000 – 80,000 Dictatorship and political repression in Equatorial Guinea, 1969 – ,000,000, Class enemies, religious minorities and Uighurs by Maoist government, PRC army, Red Guards and police, Peoples Republic of China, 1949 – ,000, Persecution of Hmong by government, Laos, 1975 – 2003

Genocides 800,000 – 3,100,000, American holocaust, Vietnam, 1959 – ,000 – 100,000, Massacres of Hutus, Burundi, ,000 – 3,000,000, Bangladesh atrocities, East Pakistan (now Bangladesh), ,000, Indonesian genocide of West Papuans, West Papua, 1969 – 1990s 1,000,000 – 3,000,000, Nigerian Civil War, Nigeria, 1967 – 1970

Genocides 500,000, Anti-communist purge, Indonesia, 1965 – ,000,000, Purge of Nuer and Dinka by Khartoum government, Nuba region, South Sudan, 1956 – ,000, Tibet uprising, ,000 – 150,000 Harkis by FLN, Algeria, 1954 – 1962 Collective punishment by British troops, Malaya, Oman and North Yemen, 1950s, 1960s 300,000 – 320,000, Mau Mau massacres of Kikuyu by British colonialists, 1950 – 1959

The holocaust ,194,200 – 17,000,000

Genocides 500,000 – 3,000,000 Expulsion of Germans after World War II, Europe, 1945 – ,000 – 174,000, Communist purges, Serbia, 1944 – ,000 – 655,000, Ustashe genocides of Serbs, Jews, Roma and Croats, Croatia, 1941 – ,000 – 200,000, Volhynia massacre, Poland, 1943 – ,000,000, Bengali famine, India, 1943

Genocides 20,000 – 30,000, Katyn massacre, USSR, ,160 – 70,000, Dersim massacre, Dersim, Turkey, 1937 – ,000 – 300,000 Nanking massacre by Japan, ,000 – 30,000 Execution of Haitians, Dominican Republic, ,582,000 – 8,000,000, Holodomor (and Soviet famine), Ukrainian SSR, 1932 – ,000 – 1,500,000, Armenian genocide, Anatolia, 1915 – 1923

Genocides 300,000 – 500,000, Decossackization, Don River area, Soviet Union, 1919 – ,000 – 750,000, Assyrian genocide, Anatolia, 1915 – ,000 – 1,000,000 Greek genocide, Anatolia, 1915 – ,000 Bombing and gassing, Sudan, ,000,000 – 10,000,000, Tropical diseases, and the exploitation of the Congo Free State under the rule of King Leopold II of Belgium, Congo Free State, 1885 – ,000 – 75,000, Herero and Namaqua genocide, Namibia, 1904 – 1908

Genocides 2,000,000 – 100,000,000, European colonization of the Americas, Americas, 1492 – ,200,000, Maafa, Atlantic ocean, 16th C – 19th C 2,500 – 50,000, Samar massacre, Philippines, 1901 – 1902, part of 1,000,000, US pacification programme, 1899 – ,500,000, Hazara genocide, Afghanistan, 1888 – 1890s 20,000 Extermination of aborigines, Tasmania, 1788 – 1901

Genocides 12,000,000 – 29,000,000 Mass starvation, India, , 1890s 1,000,000 Irish Great Famine, Ireland, 1845 – ,000 – 1,500,000, Circassian genocide, Circassia, 1817 – ,000 – 600,000, Massacres in Zunghar Khanate, Western Mongolia, Kazakhstan, northern Kyrgyzstan, southern Siberia, 1755 – ,000, Massacres in Khoshut Khanate, Qinghai and Tibet regions of China, 1723 – 1725

Civil wars, massacres and starvation The list is incomplete. We also mention South Africa Zimbabwe Paraguay Chile Mozambique others

Crimes against humanity HIROSHIMA NAGASAKI

Reflections The Buddha: Which is greater in the cycle of life, the tears you have shed this long, long time, crying and weeping from being joined with what is displeasing, being separated from what is pleasing – or the water of the four great oceans?

Reflections The light for which the world longs is already shining. It is shining into the darkness, but the darkness does not apprehend it. It is shining into the darkness, but the darkness is not overcoming it. It is shining in many a soul, and already the new order has begun within the kingdom of the heart. It is shining in many a small group and creating a heavenly-earthly fellowship of children of the light. It will always shine and lead many into the world of need, that they may bear it up into the heart of God. Thomas Kelly, Quaker, in 1941.