Events leading to Revolution American Identity Ch. 5 - 6

Development of government Standard Main events before USA Founding of USA Development of government Our government today…

Essential Question Relationship Conflict Change What events created tension between Britain & the colonies, leading to Revolution ( independence)? Relationship Conflict Change

Why did the American colonists have the rights of Englishmen? American Colonists = British subjects living in America Brought ideas from Great Britain The colonists experiences with British government influenced what they thought about limited government. The colonists expected their government to preserve their rights as English subjects.

Salutary Neglect Colonies were far away Great Britain paying little attention & interfering little with the colonies Colonists used to act on their own = ruling themselves

British or American?? to far away ( Salutary Neglect) As the years past, the colonial government took on more power and responsibility. The British colonists were living as Americans They were building: Towns / Churches / Roads / schools / their own government Colonies formed own elected assemblies/ representatives ( similar to House of Commons) House of Burgesses ( Virginia) Imposed taxes Managed colonies Colonies governed themselves, but England still had authority over them

British or American?? 2. At first the British government was content at leaving the colonies alone. ( Salutary neglect) 3. But as the colonies grew more successful, Great Britain saw them as a source of great wealth. ( Mercantilism) 4. In the mid-1700s the action of Parliament led to a series of events that made some colonists see themselves as real Americans. 1. They built a thriving economy and learned they could settle their own problems without the help of Britain.

Events leading to revolution Revolution = changes by force….. CONFLICT Events leading to revolution

1. Money in the Colonies During the late 1600s and 1700s, the government of Great Britain followed a policy of mercantilism.

1. Mercantilism The theory that a country should sell more goods to other countries than it buys. The British thought this would bring wealth. This wealth would then be used to develop the nation’s industry and navy. For the policy to work, Britain needed a source of cheap materials with which to manufacture goods. So after ignoring the American colonies for many years, the British government began to realize the value of the colonies.

1. Mercantilism & Navigation Acts Tighter British control 1650-1696 By British Parliament Laws – limiting & controlling trade within colonies British policy was to squeeze as much wealth as possible out of America. Supported system of Mercantilism Parliament passed a series of laws that required the colonies to sell raw materials to Britain at low prices. The colonists also had to buy British goods at higher prices. English ships only English ports certain products sold only to England

2. Great Awakening 1730’s & 1740’s in America Religious movement Questioning Individual worth Thoughts of Equality Religious / spiritual Social Right to challenge authority Started changing ideas of colonists & led to social fervor - prepare them to break away from England

3.French & Indian War : New land – debts & taxes The situation became worse. After 1763 Britain fought a long, expensive war with France and had gone into debt. To pay its heavy war debts, Britain began to place heavy taxes on the American colonies.

3. Problems with France England VS. France Problems over land & fur trade

Albany Plan – “Join or Die” During problems w/ France Plan by colonists “Albany Plan” Meeting in Albany, NY Invite Colonists to join to fight against a common enemy (French) Political Cartoon By Ben Franklin

3. French & Indian War What? French & Indian War When? 1754-1763 Who? British / Colonists/ Native American Allies VS French / colonists/ Native American Allies Why? (Cause) Land ( Ohio River Valley ) power/ trade Winner? British

French & Indian War - Consequences Consequences? Outcomes or Effects Treaty of Paris of 1763 End of war – England won France lost their land: England obtain new land in America: Britain claimed all land east of Mississippi River

4. After the French & Indian War Proclamation Act of 1763 Problems with Native Americans Colonists moving across mountains into Native American lands Proclamation Act of 1763 Prohibits colonist to settle / move west to Appalachian Mountains Official declaration by King of England & Parliament 1763 – after French & Indian War Banned British settlers west of Appalachian Mountains Why? To avoid problems with Indians Colonists were angry / will ignored it

VISUAL – Reading NOTES Read Ch VISUAL – Reading NOTES Read Ch. 6 : Workbook pages 53-56 or textbook pages 159- 171 Create visual notes explaining the events that created conflict between the British & colonists, and some tools of protest used by the colonists   Event:___________________________________ Explanation:

After the French & Indian War: Tighter British Control New land New debts New taxes in the colonies

Opposition to British policies Colonists complaints Colonists … “Britain threatening our rights” “ We are British subjects” “ We have rights” No taxation without consent “NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION” Colonists didn’t have representatives in Parliament Taxes take away their freedoms & rights Against their rights as British citizens

Colonial Resistance Protests Boycotts- refuse to buy Tea Party Boycotts- refuse to buy Committees of Correspondence Communication within colonies ( letters) Petition to the King Asking the King what they wanted Secret Societies ( “underground” groups) Sons of Liberty Daughters of Liberty

Boston Massacre - 1770 Protest – went wrong Tension between troops & colonists Violent event Soldiers fire 5 colonists dead 1st time that British troops had killed colonists Used as propaganda Anti-British feelings Video Clip

Conflicts Continue Problems between Britain and its colonies continue…. Day of Boston Massacre a proposal to repeal the Townshend Acts All taxes except one were eventually repealed Tax on Tea – Tea Act ( new law)

Continuation of taxation To show who is boss! Tax on tea Tea Act - 1773 Continuation of taxation To show who is boss! Tax on tea

Boston Tea Party: Colonial Response to Tea Act Protest ( Sons of Liberty) Disguised as Native Americans Dumped British tea in the Boston harbor

British response to the Boston Tea Party: Intolerable or Coercive Acts This did not help the situation. Parliament passed a new series of laws, which the American called the Intolerable Acts 1774 Series of laws to punish Boston, Massachusetts Mass. Must pay tea A warning to other colonies Closed port of Boston Banned committees of correspondence Took other rights from colonists (no trial by jury) Force colonists to house British troops (Quartering Act - AGAIN!!!)

Colonists response to the Intolerable Acts: 1st Continental Congress The colonies will join, and offer their support to Massachusetts , sending food, clothing, etc. Communication & Unity within the colonies – Committees of Correspondence Called a meeting to discuss what to do next- First Continental Congress