Coping with Food Crisis and Climate Change: Grassroots Experiences and Best Practices Chito P. Medina Farmer-Scientist Partnership for Development (MASIPAG), Philippines

I. Making use of Biodiversity A. Conserve Biodiversity B. Utilization of Biodiversity

MASIPAG uses biodiversity for food security: Seed as adaptation: 1,090 Traditional Rice Varieties collected 1,069 Masipag rice developed 75 Native Corn Varieties collected

Rice in different shapes, colors, flavors, adaptations

Rice Breeding by Farmers  67 farmer-breeders (2005)  273 rice crosses developed

Characteristic / Adaptation Traditional rice varieties Masipag rice High tillering capacity-42 Good ratooning ability-24 Long panicles11 Low fertility soils1236 Saltwater tolerance-12 Pest/disease resistance 617 Glutinous8429 Red / Violet15279 Number of Traditional Rice Varieties (TRVs) and Masipag rice with desired characteristics.

Diversified farm

Soil Fertility Management

II. Develop Technology, Democratize Technology Technology by the farmer, of the farmer, for the farmer Incorporate Indigenous/Local Knowledge Malleable / contextualized technology (not black box technology)

Control model conventional approach Adaptation model organic approach focus on single issues overruling variation continuous monitoring direct interference static balance. focus on the system exploiting variation stimulating self regulation indirect management dynamic balance. (Ten Napel et al., 2006; WUR/LBI) Control versus adaptation approach

Carabao driven rotary used in rice farming by Abraham of Sultan Kudarat Farmer Developed and Adapted Technologies Pangi leaves used as botanical pest control by Doming of Zamboanga del Sur

Luzon (81): Nueva Ecija: 8, Pangasinan: 2, Zambales:1, Camarines Sur: 13, Occidental Mindoro: 10, Nueva Viscaya: 9, Isabela: 18, Cagayan: 1, Quezon: 14, Pampanga: 1; Antipolo: 2; Abra: 2 Visayas (81): Negros Occidental: 29, Negros Oriental: 1, Iloïlo: 10, Antique: 17, Aklan: 1, Cebu: 2, Leyte: 10, Bohol: 1; Capiz: 5; Eastern Samar: 5 Mindanao (61): North Cotabato: 5, Agusan del Norte: 1; Davao City: 1, Davao del Sur: 1; Lanao Norte: 2, Zamboanga del Sur: 3, Zamboanga del Norte: 15; Misamis Oriental: 1, Bukidnon: 6; Compostela Valley: 1; Maguindanao: 3; South Cotabato: 3; Sultan Kudarat: 2; Surigao del Norte: 5; Zamboanga Sibugay: 11 Farmer-Managed Trial Farms in 49 Provinces

III. Farmer-Led Approach Incorporate social solutions Active farmers’ organization > sharing and support system to other farmers

PO Members Luzon: 90 POs Nueva Ecija: 8, Pangasinan: 9, Zambales: 7, Camarines Sur: 16, Occidental Mindoro: 1, Nueva Viscaya: 11, Isabela: 6, Cagayan: 2, Quezon: 7, Pampanga: 1; Rizal: 1; Abra: 2; Kalinga/Apayao: 3; Laguna: 1 Visayas: 174 POs Negros Occidental: 95, Iloïlo: 18, Antique: 13, Aklan: 12, Leyte: 7, Bohol: 1; Capiz: 12; Southern Leyte: 16 Mindanao: 390 POs Agusan del Norte: 34; Agusan Sur: 35; Bukidnon: 26; Compostela Valley: 1; Davao City: 39; Davao Norte: 29; Davao Oriental: 16; Davao del Sur: 9; Lanao del Norte: 11; Lanao del Sur: 4; Maguindanao: 10; Misamis Occidental: 18; Misamis oriental: 14; North Cotabato: 16; Saranggani: 2; South Cotabato: 6; Sultan Kudarat: 11; Surigao Norte: 7; Surigao Sur: 13; Zamboanga del Norte: 24; Zamboanga Sibugay: 15; Zamboanga del Sur: 50  Masipag is active in 47 provinces

Masipag Rice Conservation Support system National Back-up Farm 2,060 rice varieties & Selections Regional (2), Provincial (9) Back- up farms 300 to 1,200 rice varieties & selections PO-managed Trial farms (223) At least 50 varieties per TF Verification farms 6 to 24 varieties Farm Production At least 3 varieties