4. INTERCEPTION. Precipitation P Evapo- Transpiration ET Dripping P D Stemflow P S Throughfall P T SS.

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Presentation transcript:

4. INTERCEPTION

Precipitation P Evapo- Transpiration ET Dripping P D Stemflow P S Throughfall P T SS

INPUT = OUTPUT +/-  STORAGE P = (P T + P S + P D + E) +/-  S P forest = (P T + P S + P D ) P interception = E +/-  S P = P forest + P interception

ATMOSPHERE VEGETATION GROUND

ATMOSPHERE VEGETATION GROUND

ATMOSPHERE VEGETATION GROUND

ATMOSPHERE VEGETATION GROUND

ATMOSPHERE VEGETATION GROUND

ATMOSPHERE VEGETATION GROUND

Include Evaporative Loss

Without ET

Without ET

Observed interception Calculated as the mean of the “interceptometer’ readings Source: R. Horton, Monthly Weather Review

Initially leaf storage accounts for all precipitation in the storm Evaporation as a fixed percentage of precipitation accounts for most of the precipitation NOT reaching the ground Transition during which leaf storage becomes proportionally less important relative to the total precipitation in the storm.

Initially leaf storage accounts for all precipitation in the storm Evaporation as a fixed percentage of precipitation accounts for most of the precipitation NOT reaching the ground Transition during which leaf storage becomes proportionally less important relative to the total precipitation in the storm. Snowmelt drip After Schomaker, 1966

Source: Bonan, 2008: Ecological Climatology 2012 Forest Fires 2013 Floods Front Ranges, Colorado

L = S + K.E.t S = Leaf storage (e.g. 0.05cm) K = Leaf Area Index (e.g. 0.6) E = Evaporation rate (e.g. 0.1 cm/hr) Rainfall intensity = 0.5 cm/hr Cumulative Rainfall Cumulative Interception (L) INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTERCEPTION TERMS

Ground Veg

Leaf area index in monocultures and mixtures of Cedrela, Cordia, and Hyeronima from age 1.0 to 3.5 yr at La Selva Biological Station, CostaRica. From: Menalled, Kelty and Ewell, 1998

INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTERCEPTION TERMS Interception as % of rainfall

abn Orchards Ash woods Beech woods Oak woods Maple woods Willow shrubs Hemlock and pine woods (inches) Source: Gray, 1970, Principles of Hydrology

ab Small crops0.02h0.15h Meadow grass0.005h0.08h Forage crops0.01h0.10h Small grains0.005h0.05h Corn0.005h Source: Gray, 1970, Principles of Hydrology

Source: Tobon Marin et al., 2000