WORLD GEOGRAPHY UNIT 6 RUSSIA & THE REPUBLICS

PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY—East Russia Seismic — related to earthquakes

PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY—North Russia alluvial-soil deposit rich soil made up of sand and mud deposited rich soil, such as the Indo-Gangetic Plain in South Asia. Delta-triangular section of land built up at a river's mouth that looks like the Greek letter delta The permanently frozen _____ lies beneath much of northern Russia. Permafrost The frigid _____ stretches along Russia's northern boundary. Tundra The ocean that is north of Russia is called the _____. Arctic

WESTERN & CENTRAL RUSSIA Many varieties of grasses grow in the _____ climate region. Steppe The rich _____ soil of the North European Plain supports the production of grains. Chernozem The mountains that form a natural dividing line between European Russia and Asian Russia are the _____. Ural Mountains Russia's two main plains are: _____ and _____. North European Plain and West Siberian Plain

PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY—South Russia wadi in the desert, a streambed that is dry except during a heavy rain oasis small area in a desert where water and vegetation are found, usually because of underground springs

ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY OF RUSSIA phosphate natural mineral containing chemical compounds often used in fertilizers The Volga River provides western Russia with _____. hydroelectric power cereal any grain, such as barley, oats, or wheat, grown for food. The Volga River is so important to the people of Russia because it provides _____, _____, _____, and _____. hydroelectric power, trade, transportation, and agriculture Russia's major natural resources are: _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, and _____. minerals, natural gas, oil, coal, fish, and forests Railroads and _____ provide most of Russian's transportation needs. Waterways

RUSSIA & THE REPBULICS -- INTRO The main characteristics of Russia's seasons are: _____ and _____. long, cold winters and short, cool summers The four climate regions in Russia are: _____, _____, _____, and _____. tundra, subarctic, humid continental, and steppe The climate region that dominates Russia is _____. Subarctic The kinds of vegetation that are found in each of Russia's climate regions are: _____; _____; _____; and _____. tundra (dwarf shrubs, mosses, lichens, algae); subarctic (forests); humid continental (mixed coniferous-deciduous forests); and steppe (grasslands)

HISTORY OF RUSSIA The princes and czars changed Russia's territory by expanding the territory of Russia to include many different _____. Populations A peasant worker who farmed a plot of land that was owned by someone else was called a _____. Serf A person who was part of the revolutionary group led by Lenin was called a _____. Bolshevik A _____ ruled Russia at the time of the Russian Revolution. Czar The major goals and events of the Soviet era were: _____ and _____. goals (expansion, influences of the world, and power); events (World War II, Cold War, wanting more satellites, and nuclear weapons) The Soviet Union did not develop new _____ industries, and its economy suffered. high-technology

HISTORY OF RUSSIA (PART 2) The Soviet Union's intellectual elite was called the _____. Intelligentsia The Russian term for restructuring is _____. Perestroika The Russian term for political openness is _____. Glasnost Major economic and social reforms were begun in 1985 by _____, who made the economy more market-oriented. Gorbachev _____ began the privatization of state-owned businesses, permitting individuals to own companies. Yeltsin Education and health care has changed since the Soviet Union breakup because of the _____, _____, and _____. quality of the education, low income for doctors, nurses and teachers, and inefficient clinics and hospitals

THE ECONOMIC HISTORY OF RUSSIA Foreign _____ and wealthy Russians bought companies, but most workers did not benefit from these changes. Investors Between 1900 and 1995, the value of goods and services produced in Russian _____ by 50 percent. Fell Russian farmers cannot afford to buy the land they farm, so agriculture's transition to a _____ economy has been slow. Market

HISTORICAL CULTURE OF RUSSIA The _____ is the head of the Russian Orthodox Church. Patriarch religious symbol is called an _____. Icon A_____ is the belief that there is no God or a Supreme Being. Atheism

THE CULTURE OF RUSSIA The ethnic group that forms the majority in Russia is the _____. Russians Most of Russia's people live in _____. European Russia The major religions that are found in Russia are: _____, _____, _____, and _____. Eastern Orthodox Christianity, Islam, Judaism, and Buddhism

THE ECONOMIC CULTURE OF RUSSIA Among the many economic challenges Russia now faces are expanding trade, increasing food production, and providing more _____. Jobs Soviet planners emphasized machinery production and other heavy _____. Industries The extraction of _____ is Russia's most important industry. Petroleum Improvements in Russia's _____ systems help the transition to a market economy. Communications About 42 percent of Russia's international trade is the export of energy and _____. fuels

RUSSIAN CULTURE pastoralism the raising and grazing of livestock