THE UNIVERSE Science 1º ESO – Unit 1 Bilingual Educational Project. I.E.S. “Luis de Góngora” (Córdoba); Dept. Biology and Geology Bilingual Educational Project.

WHAT IS THE UNIVERSE? The answer is quite simple: The universe is the whole of everything that exists. In the universe we can distinguish two types of elements: “WHAT”? Matter and Energy “WHERE”? Space and Time

CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES We live in a cluster of galaxies called “LOCAL GROUP”

GALAXIES A GALAXY is made up of gas, dust, and hundreds of thousands of millions of stars

ELLIPTICAL SPIRAL IRREGULAR TYPES OF GALAXIES According to its shape, a galaxy can be… ELLIPTICAL SPIRAL IRREGULAR

Elliptical galaxy M110

Spiral galaxy M101

Irregular galaxy M82

This is our galaxy: The MILKY WAY

STARS, STARS, STARS… A star is a big ball of gas that emits its own light If you look at the sky, you can see hundreds of bright spots: They are the stars Look at them carefully! All of them seem to be very similar, but two characteristics can be used to distinguish them: COLOUR: It depends on the surface’s temperature BRIGHTNESS: It depends on its distance and size

CONSTELLATIONS A constellation is a group of stars that , when seen from Earth, seem to form a picture in the night sky.

This constellation is called ORION

THE SOLAR SYSTEM The solar system is the whole of celestial bodies that orbit around the sun: Planets: Rocky planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars Gaseous planets: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune Dwarf planets: Ceres, Pluto, Eris Satellites, like the Moon Asteroids Comets

THE SOLAR SYSTEM

Asteroid Ida

A photo of the night sky. If this place is on the southern hemisphere… Why are stars seen as lines? Which direction the west is in?

Zooming 26 orders of magnutide