UNIT 3: Organization of Life S7L1.a.b October 14 – October 25

UNPACK the STANDARD S7L1: Students will INVESTIGATE the diversity of living organisms and how they can be COMPARED scientifically. – S7L1.a – DEMONSTRATE the process for the development of the dichotomous key. – S7L1.b – CLASSIFY organisms based on physical characteristics using a dichotomous key of the six kingdom system.

Why Do Scientists Classify? CLASSIFICATION: the process of grouping things based on their similarities – Biologists use classification to organize living things into groups so that the organisms are easier to study. TAXONOMY: is the scientific study of how living things are classified. It includes describing, naming, and classifying organisms. – Once an organism is classified, a scientist knows a lot about that organism.

Classifying King Phillip Came Over For Great Sushi – Kingdom – Phylum – Class – Order – Family – Genus – Species

What are the 6 Kingdoms? Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia

KINGDOM TYPE OF CELL: Goes on the front cover CELL STRUCTURES: Inside flap door # OF CELLS: Inside flap door NUTRITION: Inside the flap CHARACTERISTICS: Base EXAMPLES: Base

Type of Cell All organisms are made up of small units called cells. Some cells have a dense area called a nucleus that contains chemicals that control the cell’s activities. PROKARYOTIC – Cell with no nucleus EUKARYOTIC – Cell with a nucleus

Cell Structures The nucleus is only one of the structures that might be found within a cell. Cell walls – Not found in animal cells – Materials could be Peptidoglycan Cellulose Chitin

Number of Cells All living organisms are made up of cells however, the number of cells can vary greatly. UNICELLULAR – Organisms made up of ONLY ONE cell MULTICELLULAR – Organisms made up of MORE THAN ONE cell

Nutrition All living organisms need to take in nutrients to survive. AUTOTROPH – Organisms that are able to make their own food. HETEROTROPH – Organisms that cannot make their own food and get nutrients by eating other organisms.

EUBACTERIA TYPE OF CELL: Prokaryotic CELL STRUCTURES: Cell Wall  Peptidoglycan # OF CELLS: Unicellular NUTRITION: Autotroph OR Heterotroph

EUBACTERIA CHARACTERISTICS: – Typical bacteria – Can be helpful or harmful – Lives almost anywhere EXAMPLES: – Bacteria in yogurt – In the human body

ARCHAEBACTERIA TYPE OF CELL: Prokaryotic CELL STRUCTURES: Cell Wall  Peptidoglycan # OF CELLS: Unicellular NUTRITION: Autotroph OR Heterotroph

ARCHAEBACTERIA CHARACTERISTICS: – “ancient” – Live in harsh environments – Deep in the ocean, hot springs, very salty water EXAMPLES: – Tiny organisms

PROTISTA TYPE OF CELL: Eukaryotic CELL STRUCTURES: Cell Wall  Cellulose (some Chloroplasts) # OF CELLS: Most Unicellular, Some Multicellular NUTRITION: Autotroph OR Heterotroph

PROTISTA CHARACTERISTICS: – “odd & ends” or “junk drawer” EXAMPLES: – Seaweed – Algae – Slime Molds – Protozoan – Ameoba

FUNGI TYPE OF CELL: Eukaryotic CELL STRUCTURES: Cell Wall  Chitin # OF CELLS: Most Unicellular, Some Multicellular NUTRITION: Heterotroph

FUNGI CHARACTERISTICS: – No photosynthesis – Reproduce with spores – No movement – Absorb nutrients from their surroundings EXAMPLES: – Mushrooms – Mold & Mildew – Yeast

PLANTAE TYPE OF CELL: Eukaryotic CELL STRUCTURES: Cell Wall  Cellulose (Chloroplasts) # OF CELLS: Multicellular NUTRITION: Autotroph

PLANTAE CHARACTERISTICS: – Must do photosynthesis – Provide food for most heterotrophs on land EXAMPLES: – Flowers – Trees – Plants – Mosses – Fruits & Vegetable

ANIMALIA TYPE OF CELL: Eukaryotic CELL STRUCTURES: NO Cell Walls/Chloroplasts # OF CELLS: Multicellular NUTRITION: Heterotroph

ANIMALIA CHARACTERISTICS: – Usually move & respond to their environment using sensory organs – Diverse environments EXAMPLES: – Humans – Birds – Whales