Rigging, Signals, Power Line Safety & Assembly / Disassembly in Construction Safety Standard WAC 296-155 This presentation is intended to “summarize” the New Crane Safety Rules. The new rules incorporate ~270 pages and quite a few rules are unchanged. Rigging was “pulled” over from Part F. Power Line and Personnel Lifting rules are much stronger. I think you may conclude in the end that many circumstances might be better addressed by a Crane Safety CSHO. Please refer! Chuck Lemon Crane Safety Manager

Topics to be Covered Crane Requirements for Const. Activities Rigging & Signal Person Part L Changes Power Line Requirements Assembly / Disassembly

Operator Certification Crane Types 296-155-Part L Phase 1- Effective January 1, 2010 (Crane Safety Rule) Crane Certification Operator Certification Crane Types Includes: Mobile, Articulating, Tower cranes when used in the construction industry Construction Industry Annual Certification Accredited Crane Certifier Valid operator’s certificate Operating hours and Crane related experience LBC, LBT, TLL, TSS, ABC, ABL, ABW, Tower (Hammerhead, Luffer, Self-Erecting) or Overhead (Cab Operated or Pendant/Remote), Derricks.

296-155-Part L Cranes Included (performing construction activities) Mobile Cranes Crawler Cranes Lattice Boom Hydraulic Telescoping Boom Articulating Rough Terrain Cranes Tower Cranes Self Erecting Tower Cranes Derricks Digger Derricks Exempt (crane certification and operator certification) Cranes <2000 # capacity Backhoes Automobile Wreckers Pump Hoists Forklifts Dedicated Drilling Rig Permanently installed overhead/bridge cranes

Washington State Crane Rule Phase 2- Effective February 1, 2012 WAC 296-155, Safety Standards for Construction Workers, Part L As effective as OSHA Incorporated Latest ASME Requirements for Slings and Rigging Hardware 270 pages

296-155 Part L Table of Contents (Reader’s Digest Version) Crane certification Crane proof load testing-requirements Crane certifier qualifications and accreditation Crane Operator qualifications and certification Signals and Signal person qualifications Rigging and Rigger qualifications Crane inspection and operational requirement Duties of assigned personnel Assembly/disassembly Mobile, Tower, Articulating Overhead cranes , and Derricks Wire Rope Inspections Power line safety Training Safety devices and Operational aids Personnel lifting requirements Rigging and rigging hardware Housekeeping – moved rigging from Part F to Part L.

Signal Persons Qualifications 296-155-53302

Signal Person (Required as of Feb 1, 2012) This applies to construction activities which involve cranes, derricks, and powered industrial trucks which have been configured to hoist and lower by means of a winch or hook A Qualified Signal Person is required when: Point of operation is not in full view of operator View of direction of travel is obstructed Site specific safety concerns which the operator or person handling the load determines it necessary working near energized power lines and a dedicated spotter is used, this spotter must also be a qualified signal person A Qualified Signal Person is a signal person who meets the requirements of WAC 296-155-53302

Signal Person Qualifications Qualification Requirements: Know and understand the type(s) of signals which will be used Competent in the application of the type of signals used Have a basic understanding of equipment operation and limitations, crane dynamics, and boom deflection

Signal Person Qualifications As of February 1st, 2012 Qualification Requirements: Verbal or written test AND practical test Documentation from qualified evaluator must be on site A Third Party Qualified Evaluator An Employer Qualified Evaluator Employer qualification is not portable

Qualified Rigger (296-155-53306)

What did the Rule say Before? WAC 296-155-329 Qualified person – Rigging. Qualified person – A person who, by possession of a recognized degree or certificate of professional standing, or who, by extensive knowledge, training, and experience, has successfully demonstrated the ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the subject matter. Also has authorization or authority by the nature of their position to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them. The person shall be knowledgeable in the requirements of this part.

Riggers (cont’d) Qualification Requirements: Know and understand the requirements of applicable ASME standards (such as B30.9,Slings and B30.26, Rigging Hardware) Know and understand the type of sling and hitches used including removal criteria for rigging gear Be competent in the application of the type of hitches used

Riggers (cont’d) Qualification Requirements: Basic understanding of the applicable slings, rigging hardware, winch, below-the-hook lifting devices and their limitations Know and understand rigging related conditions, such as load weight estimation, center of gravity, effect of angles on rigging components and basic hand signals, as applicable.

Riggers (cont’d) Qualification Documents: (July 31, 2012) Changed to: (February 1, 2013) Written and Practical test Documentation from qualified evaluator must be on site A Third Party Qualified Evaluator An Employer Qualified Evaluator Employer's qualification is not portable

Qualified Rigger When required: During hoisting activities while Assembling or Disassembling a crane or derrick Whenever workers are : Hooking, unhooking, guiding the load or in the initial connection of a load to a component or structure and are within the fall zone This applies to all construction material handling activities, including cranes, derricks, powered industrial trucks, excavators, backhoes , loaders, come-a-longs, chain falls, etc. The Department is looking at developing a separate set of requirements for Material Handling not involving Cranes.

Qualified Riggers and Signal Persons The employer must make the documentation for whichever option is used available at the site while the rigger or signal person is employed by the employer. The documentation must specify each type of rigging and signaling type The documentation must specify each type of signaling Sample Documentation Qualified Rigger________________________________ Date _______________________ Rigging Type: Chain Slings Wire Rope Synthetic Metal Mesh Rigging Hardware: Shackles Turnbuckles Eye Bolts Wire Rope Clips Third Party Evaluator __________________________ Employer Evaluator ___________________________ Evaluator Signature___________________________ Evaluator Company____________________________ Qualified Signal Person__________________________ Date _______________________ Signaling Type: Voice Hand Radio Other_______________ Crane Type: Mobile Tower Articulating Overhead Third Party Evaluator _________________________ Employer Evaluator ___________________________ Evaluator Signature ___________________________ Evaluator Company____________________________

Power Line Safety 296-155-53408

Power Line Safety Requirements If the crane, load, or rigging could get closer than 20/50 feet to an energized power line there are new safety requirements which apply.  If the crane, load, or rigging can not get closer than 20/50 feet to the power line even if the crane is operated at its maximum working radius, the 20/50-foot requirement is satisfied. Minimum approach distance: Up to 350kv 20 Feet Over 350KV 50 Feet

Power Line Safety Requirements (Part L before 2/1/2012) For energized power lines rated at or below 50kV the minimum approach distance shall be 10 ft. For lines rated over 50 kV., minimum clearance between the lines and any part of the crane or load shall be 10 feet plus 0.4 inch for each 1 kV. over 50 kV., or twice the length of the line insulator, but never less than 10 feet

Power Line Safety Requirements (Table 4) Minimum Clearance Distances Table Voltage Minimum clearance distance up to 50 (kV) 10 (feet) over 50 to 200 15 over 200 to 345 20 over 345 to 500 25 over 500 to 750 35 over 750 to 1,000 45 That was easy

Power Line Safety Requirements Identify the Work Zone Define the work zone by demarcating boundaries such as flags, or a device such as a range limit device or a range control warning device and prohibiting the operator from operating past those boundaries. Note Flags

If the crane or load COULD get closer than 20/50 feet of Power Lines in the Work Zone Crane operations near power lines, use one of 3 Options Option 1 - Deenergize & Ground Power lines Option 2 - Maintain 20/50 foot clearance Option 3 - Obtain power line voltage from Utility Owner/Operator and ensure the crane or rigging does not get closer than the distances listed in Table 4

Power Line Safety Requirements Options 2 and 3 require the following: Conduct a planning meeting with crane operator, & all workers who will be in the area of crane & load This meeting must address the location of the power lines and the steps that will be implemented to prevent encroachment-electrocution If tag lines are used they must be nonconductive Erect elevated warning line, barricade, or line of signs, in view of the operator, equipped with flags or similar high-visibility markings (opt 2 = 20/50 feet; opt 3 = Table 4)

Nonconductive Nonconductive means that, because of the nature and condition of the materials used, and the conditions of use (including environmental conditions and condition of the material), the object in question has the property of not becoming energized (that is, it has high dielectric properties offering a high resistance to the passage of current under the conditions of use).

Power Line Safety Requirements Options 2 and 3 also requires at least one of the following: Proximity Alarm * Dedicated Spotter that is also a “Qualified Signal Person” Range Control Warning Device Range Movement Limiter Insulating Link * * Currently, Proximity alarms and Insulating Links do not meet the National Recognized Testing Laboratory (NRTL) requirements.

Power Line Safety Requirements If Dedicated Spotter is used, 5 rqmt. must be met: Spotter must be in continuous contact with operator Be equipped with a visual aid to assist in identifying minimum clearance distance Examples of visual aid include: Clearly visible line painted on ground, clearly visible line of stations, line-of-site landmarks (such as a fence post and building corner)

Power Line Safety Requirements If Dedicated Spotter is used cont.: Be positioned to effectively gauge the clearance distance Where necessary, use equipment that enables spotter to communicate directly with operator, such as radio or telephone Give timely information to the operator so that the required clearance distance can be maintained

Could you get within 20 feet of a power line? YES NO Option #1 Deenergize & Ground No Further Action Encroachment Prevention Measures Option #2 20-foot Clearance Planning Meeting If Tag Lines are Used, They Must be Nonconductive Elevated Warning Lines, Barricades, or Line of Signs PLUS (Choose One): Proximity Alarm*, Spotter, Range Control Warning Device, Range Limiter, or Insulating Link* Option #3 Ask Utility for Voltage and Use Table 4 (with minimum clearance distance) When assembly / disassembly could get within 20 foot of a power line either; Shut off and ground Maintain the 20’ clearance including the meeting, non-conductive taglines insulators etc plus A proximity alarm, dedicated spotter, warning device or insulating link Or verify with utility exact voltage and use a table for safe distances

Operation INSIDE Table 4 ALL of the following MUST be met: (41 items) Notify Crane Safety Program at L&I (360) 902-4943 or LNICranes@Lni.wa.gov Employer determines it is infeasible to perform job without breaching minimum approach distances After consultation with utility owner/operator it is determined infeasible to deenergize & ground power lines or relocate the power lines

Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont. Power Line owner/operator determines the minimum clearance distance Hold a planning meeting with utility owner/operator to determine the procedures to be followed in order to prevent electrical contact – procedures must include: Deactivation of device that automatically reenergizes circuit in event of power line contact Employ a dedicated spotter – Spotter must:

Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont. Be equipped with a visual aid to assist in identifying the minimum clearance distance Be positioned to effectively gauge clearance distance Use equipment that enables the dedicated spotter to communicate directly with the operator Give timely information to the operator Dedicated spotter must be a Qualified Signal Person (see WAC 296-155-53302)

Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont. Have an elevated warning line in view of the operator with high-visibility flags Use an insulating link* installed at a point between the end of the load line and the load All employees who may come into contact with the equipment must wear gloves rated for the voltage involved Use nonconductive rigging

Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont. Use range limiter (if equipped) that is set to prevent breaching minimum clearance distance If tag line is used it must be nonconductive Barricade a perimeter at least 10 feet away from crane to prevent unauthorized entry Employees must be prohibited from touching the load line above the insulating link

Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont. Only essential employees are permitted in the area of the crane and load The crane must be properly grounded Insulating line hose or cover-up must be installed by the utility owner/operator Procedures are documented and available on-site The following personnel must meet with the utility owner/operator to discuss procedures:

Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont. Crane user, crane operator, ALL workers that will be in the area of the crane or load Employer must ensure procedures are implemented Employer must identify one person who will direct the implementation of the procedures If a problem occurs implementing the procedures or it is found that the procedures are inadequate, new procedures must be developed or deenergize power lines

Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont. All safety devices, operational aids must meet manufacturer’s procedures for use The employer must train each employee and crew member assigned to work with the crane as follows: Procedures to be followed to prevent electrical contact Information regarding the danger of electrocution from the operator simultaneously touching the crane and ground

Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont. The importance of the operator remaining inside the cab except where imminent danger of fire, explosion, or other emergency that necessitates leaving the cab The safest means of evacuating from the crane that may be energized The danger of potentially energized zone around the crane (step potential) The need for crew in the area to avoid approaching or touching the crane or load

Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont. Safe clearance distance from power lines Power lines are presumed energized unless utility owner/operator confirms them insulated The limitations of an insulating link, proximity alarm, and range control device The procedures to be followed to properly ground crane and limitations of grounding

Power Line Safety Crane assembly/disassembly below energized power lines is prohibited. Crane assembly/disassembly inside Table 4 is prohibited.

Forklift W/O attachment Non-Exempt Crane Crane Exempt 52900-53300 Excavator W /rigging Excavator W/O rigging Forklift W/O attachment Forklift W hook winch Crane Certification Yes N/A EXEMPT Follow 296-863 Operator Certification **Qualified Rigger ** 53306 When Required 296-155-55600(1) **Qualified Signal Person ** 53302 296-155-53406(1) Power Line 296-155 Part L Applicable Power Line 296-155 Part I RECAP Slide MUST be CONSTRUCTION!

Qualified Rigger (Part L 53306) Qualified Signal Person (Part L 53302) Power Lines 296-155-Part L or Part I Operator Certification Equipment Certification Operator Certification Qualified Rigger (Part L 53306) ? Qualified Signal Person (Part L 53302) ?

Qualified Rigger (Part L 53306) Qualified Signal Person (Part L 53302) Power Lines 296-155-Part L or Part I Operator Certification Equipment Certification Qualified Rigger (Part L 53306) ? Qualified Signal Person (Part L 53302) ? 863

Responsibilities: Duties of Assigned Personnel Crane Owner: has custodial control of the crane by virtue of lease or ownership Crane User: arranges the crane’s presence on a worksite and controls its use there Site Supervisor: exercises supervisory control over the work site on which a crane is being used and over the work that is being performed on that site Lift Director: directly oversees the work being performed by a crane and the associated rigging crew Crane Operator: directly controls the crane’s function 155 defines roles/responsibilities of key “players” now. An owner is not necessarily responsible for exposure to power line on site (example) BUT MAY BE IF they fill another role. Often the FIRST stop in determining responsibility or DUTY is 53401. Crane Owner: Has custodial control of a crane by virtue of lease or ownership. Crane User: Arranges the crane's presence on a worksite and controls its use there. Site Supervisor: Exercises supervisory control over the worksite on which a crane is being used and over the work that is being performed on that site. Lift Director: Directly oversees the work being performed by a crane and the associated rigging crew. Crane Operator: Directly controls the crane's functions.

Assembly/Disassembly

Assembly/Disassembly Crane assembly or disassembly must be controlled by an Assembly/Disassembly (A/D) Director Must comply with: Manufacturer procedures, or Employer procedures, which must be developed by a qualified person. A/D supervisor can be one person however if it is then he/she must meet the requirements of BOTH qualified & competent person. It can also be a competent person working along side with a qualified person. The A/D must not only understand the procedures but a clear requirement is there that he / she must have reviewed them prior to starting assembly. The A/D is also responsible for ensuring that workers are briefed on their tasks and anticipated hazards prior to work starting. This is the first of two sections that require a “Qualified Rigger” Prior to this the only place a “qualified rigger was req’d was in steel erection. The ANSI A10.42 standard can provide CSHO guidance as to what all is entailed in being a “Qualified rigger” If outriggers are used there is a requirement that be either fully deployed or set up according to a load chart, no more operator opinion. Employer Procedures Developed by a qualified person Designed to: • Prevent unintended dangerous movement to prevent collapse • Provide adequate support and stability during A/D process • Minimize employee exposure to unintended movement or collapse

Assembly/Disassembly Preassembly inspection. Prior to assembling crane components or attachments the A/D director must visually inspect the components and attachments to ensure: Sound physical condition Meet manufacturer’s recommendations Functional per manufacturer's recommendations Documentation of this inspection must remain at the job site while the crane/derrick is in use. A/D supervisor can be one person however if it is then he/she must meet the requirements of BOTH qualified & competent person. It can also be a competent person working along side with a qualified person. The A/D must not only understand the procedures but a clear requirement is there that he / she must have reviewed them prior to starting assembly. The A/D is also responsible for ensuring that workers are briefed on their tasks and anticipated hazards prior to work starting. This is the first of two sections that require a “Qualified Rigger” Prior to this the only place a “qualified rigger was req’d was in steel erection. The ANSI A10.42 standard can provide CSHO guidance as to what all is entailed in being a “Qualified rigger” If outriggers are used there is a requirement that be either fully deployed or set up according to a load chart, no more operator opinion.

Assembly/Disassembly Procedures Assembly/Disassembly procedures must address: Ways to prevent unintended dangerous movement or collapse of any part of the equipment; Adequate support and stability of all parts of the equipment; and Positioning employees involved in the assembly/disassembly operation that will minimize their exposure to unintended movement or collapse of the equipment. The A/D director must follow any manufacturer prohibitions that apply to the assembly/disassembly operation. A/D supervisor can be one person however if it is then he/she must meet the requirements of BOTH qualified & competent person. It can also be a competent person working along side with a qualified person. The A/D must not only understand the procedures but a clear requirement is there that he / she must have reviewed them prior to starting assembly. The A/D is also responsible for ensuring that workers are briefed on their tasks and anticipated hazards prior to work starting. This is the first of two sections that require a “Qualified Rigger” Prior to this the only place a “qualified rigger was req’d was in steel erection. The ANSI A10.42 standard can provide CSHO guidance as to what all is entailed in being a “Qualified rigger” If outriggers are used there is a requirement that be either fully deployed or set up according to a load chart, no more operator opinion.

Assembly/Disassembly Director Crane assembly or disassembly must be controlled by an Assembly/Disassembly Director. An assembly/disassembly director is an individual who meets the criteria for both a competent person and a qualified person, or by a competent person who is assisted by one or more qualified persons. The A/D director must know & understand the applicable assembly/disassembly procedures.  The Assembly/Disassembly supervisor is responsible for addressing these plus:

Assembly/Disassembly Director The A/D director must ensure that the crew members understand all of the following: Their tasks The hazards associated with their tasks The hazardous positions & locations that they need to avoid The Assembly/Disassembly supervisor is responsible for addressing these plus:

Assembly/Disassembly Director Assembly/Disassembly Director must cover 12 Key Hazards with their crew: Adequate site and ground conditions Sufficient blocking for load and stability Suitable boom and jib pick points Identify center of gravity Stability for pin removal Consider wind speed and weather The Assembly/Disassembly supervisor is responsible for addressing these plus:

Assembly/Disassembly Director 12 Key Hazards (continued): The suitability of blocking material Verification of the loads for assist cranes Snagging of cables or components Struck by counterweights Boom hoist brake failure Loss of backwards stability

Personnel Lifting Platforms 296-155-547 20 Pages Personnel Lift Design Personnel Lifting Hoisting Equipment Crane Derrick Requirements Inspections (Platform and Cranes) Lift proof Load Tests Trial Lift Crane Operation Requirements Employer’s Responsibilities Personnel Lift Supervisor’s Responsibilities Lifting Personnel

Rigging 296-155-556 - 562 70 Pages Slings Includes Chain Wire Rope Metal Mesh Synthetic Rope Slings, Web Slings, Round Slings Includes Design Maintenance & Repair Testing Use

Rigging 296-155-556 - 562 Rigging Hardware Includes Design Shackles Turnbuckles Eyebolts & Eye Nuts Swivel Hoist Rings Wire Rope Clips Wedge Sockets Includes Design Maintenance & Repair Testing Operation

Rigging 296-155-556 - 562 Lifting Device by Types Includes Structural & Mechanical Lifters Vacuum Lifters Lifting Magnets Grapples Includes Design Maintenance & Repair Testing Operation

Questions? Chuck Lemon 360-902-4669 Lemc235@Lni.wa.gov