S OCIAL / P ERSONAL R ESPONSIBILITY C ONTRACEPTION C HOICES C. Davis

O BJECTIVES : 9.ICR.2.1 – Critique skills and strategies that are used to promote abstinence from sexual activity in terms of their effectiveness. 9.ICR.2.2 – Explain the consequences of early and unprotected sexual behaviors.. 9.ICR.3.4 – Exemplify decision- making skills and problem solving regarding safe and effective use of methods to prevent unintended pregnancy

W HAT IS C ONTRACEPTION ? 1 st it is not a method to reduce STIs. They work in a variety of ways Device – or action used to prevent pregnancy and it can be chemical

V OCABULARY Abstinence – Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)- Antibodies – Casual Contact – Epidemic – Hemophiliac – High Risk Behavior -

V OCABULARY Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) – Syringes – T- helper cells – Transfusion – Transmitted – Vaccine – Monogamous marriage – Bacteria – Virus -

A BSTINENCE N O S EX

Method: Total Abstinence Category: Abstinence Description: No sexual activity Effectiveness %: 100 % How do you obtain this? Possible side effects: N/A None / No STI’s Other: This is the only 100% effective method of birth control ***** NO STI’s

R EASONS TO B E A BSTINENT A CTIVITY G ET IN A GROUP OF 4 AROUND YOU - TALK ABOUT THIS & GIVE AT LEAST 6 REASONS PER TOPIC Personal Reasons: Relationship Reasons: Health Reasons:

Pill

Method : Pill Category: Chemical Description: A pill composed of synthetic hormones that stops the ovary from releasing an egg (prevents ovulation) Effectiveness %: 99% How to obtain this ?: See gynecologist or family planning clinic. Must have a prescription. Possible side effects : Nausea, weight gain, spotting dangerous –over 35 years & a smoker. Possibility: STI

Spermicidal foams jellies and creams

Method: Spermicidal foams, Jellies & Creams Category: Chemical Description: These act as a physical barrier and contains a sperm – killing chemical. (Best used with a condom). ( Placed in the female’s vagina to kill to kill sperm- cannot get into the uterus) Effectiveness % - 78% - 85% ( alone) How do you obtain this? Drug store, supermarket over – the counter Possible side effects: Irritation

Other: Used every time – inserted deep in the vagina area **** NO STD protection

Condom

Method: Condom Category: Mechanical Description: Placed over an erect penis. It prevents semen from entering the vagina. ( used with spermicidal –foam ) Effectiveness %; 90 – 98 % - Alone 95 – 98% - Spermicidal Condom How do you obtain this? Drugstore, supermarket over –the counter Possible side effects: Slight possibility of breakage or leakage. Allergic

Other: Allergic to natural rubber or latex. If condom has come into contact with oil in any form: baby oil, mineral oil, petroleum jelly = Oil rots rubber. * * * Offers some protection against – STI’s

Diaphragm

Method: Diaphragm Category: Mechanical Description: Large rubber cap which covers the cervix – Must be used with spermicide Effectiveness %: 87 – 95% How do you obtain this? See a gynecologist or family planning clinic for fitting and directions for use Possible side effects: Irritation Other: Latex or natural rubber – sensitivity * * * NO STI protection

PATCH

Method: Patch Category: Mechanical & Chemical Description: Change every week –worn on the skin. Contains hormones – prevents eggs from ripening in the ovaries. ( wears for 3 weeks off 1 week for menstrual period) Effectiveness %: 92-99% How do you obtain this? See gynecologist or health clinic –need a prescription Possible side effects: Headache, bleeding between menstrual cycles Other:

Other: Not recommended for women over 35 years who smoke * * * NO STI protection

IUD – T- 388

Method: T-388 ( IUD) Category: Mechanical Description: Looks like a T, plastic device. Prevents egg from attaching to wall of uterus. Effectiveness % : 98 % - 99 % How do you obtain this? – See gynecologist check after 1 st menstrual period – 1time a year. Possible side effects: Irregular bleeding, abdominal pain, nausea & headache Other: *** NO STI Protection

Depo Provera

Method: Depo Provera CATegory: Chemical Description: An injection (shot) containing hormones that prevent pregnancy -3 months prevents eggs from ripening in the ovaries. Effectiveness% - 98% - 99% How do you obtain effects : Must see a doctor. Possible side effects: Bleeding, headache Other: ( NO STI protection )

Nuva Ring

Method: Nuva Ring Category: Chemical & Mechanical Description: Vaginal ring which contains hormones that prevent the eggs from ripening in the ovaries. ( left for 3 weeks the taken out 1 week for menstrual period –new one put in) Effectiveness % - 98 % -99 % How to obtain this?: See a doctor Possible side effects : Break through bleeding Other: * * * No STI protection

Vasectomy

Method: Vasectomy Category: Mechanical Description: The Vas Deference is cut & tied. No sperm in the semen. The operation takes usually 15 to 20 minutes and is performed by a urologist. Effectiveness % - 99% How do you obtain this?: See a urologist Possible side effects: Initial discomfort at the site of surgery. ( Rest a few days)

Other: See doctor & Pathologist will check to to see everything –ok * * * * NO STI Protection

Tubal Ligation

Method: Tubal Ligation Category: Mechanical Description: The fallopian tubes are cut & Tied or clamped. The egg cannot be fertilized by the sperm. Effectiveness % - 99 % How to obtain this?: See a gynecologist. This procedure usually requires general anesthesia and a brief hospital stay. Possible Side Effects : Initial Discomfort. Other: Menstruation still occurs * * * No STI PROTECTION