Unit 6: Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Chlamydia: the most common bacterial STD in the USA Genital Herpes: a STD caused by a virus that often causes painful blisters or ulcers; can not be cured

HPV Human Papilloma Virus: 5 million new cases in U.S. teenagers each year, leading cause of cervical cancer . A STD caused by HPV, causes warts in the genital and anal areas and has been linked to cervical cancer and penile cancer

Gonorrhea: a STD caused by bacteria that can infect the mucous membranes of the penis, vagina, throat, or rectum Syphilis: a STD caused by bacteria that can spread through bloodstream to any organ in the body

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: PID – an infection of the uterus and fallopian tubes often caused by STDs; if untreated, may result in infertility

Places one can go for testing, diagnosis & treatment for STDs 2 types of Herpes Virus Type 1 – found above the waist [cold sores or fever blisters on the mouth] Type 2 – found below the waist Places one can go for testing, diagnosis & treatment for STDs Private Doctor Public Health Clinic National STD Hotline

What causes it ? Gonorrhea-Neisseria, Gonorrhoeses, Bacterum Chlamydia-Chlamydia, trachomatis, Bacterum Genital Herpes-Herpes, simplex, VIRUS Syphilis-Treponema, pallidum, Bacterum Genital Warts-HPV- VIRUS Hepatitis B- Hepatitis B VIRUS HIV/AIDS-VIRUS Pubic Lice (Crabs)-Insect Scabies-Mite

How is it spread? Gonorrhea- Sexual contact; mother to infant at birth Chlamydia -Sexual contact; mother to infant at birth Genital Herpes- Sexual contact; contact between chancre or rash & mucous membranes or break in skin; mother to infant before birth Syphilis-Sexual contact;

Human Papilloma Virus- Genital Warts- Sexual contact; Hepatitis B- Sexual contact; sharing needles; sharing items like razors, toothbrushes, eating utensils; mother to infant at birth HIV/AIDS- Sexual contact; exchange of bodily fluids; sharing needles Pubic Lice (Crabs)-Sexual contact Scabies-Sexual contact

What are the signs & symptoms of Gonorrhea? Women often no signs or symptoms; vaginal irritation & discharge; pain in lower abdomen Males frequent, painful urination; heavy yellow discharge of pus from penis; tenderness in groin or testicles; swollen lymph nodes or groin

What are the signs & symptoms of Chlamydia? Women usually no signs or symptoms; painful urination; vaginal discharge; pain in lower abdomen; bleeding between menstrual periods Men often no signs or symptoms; painful, difficult urination; white or yellow discharge from penis

What are the signs & symptoms of Genital Herpes? Women usually no signs or symptoms; painful blisters on cervix, vagina, vulva, thighs, or buttocks; sluggish feeling; fever; flu-like symptoms; lymph node enlargement Men usually no signs or symptoms; blisters on penis, thighs, or buttocks; painful urination; sluggish feeling; fever; flu-like symptoms; lymph node enlargement

What are the signs & symptoms for Syphilis? First signs: small, red bumps at the point of infection, which becomes an open sore oozing fluid (called a chancre)

Syphilis Later signs: a rash; a dull, depressed feeling; fever, joint pain; hair loss, large moist sores around the sex organs or mouth Final stage: blindness; brain damage; paralysis; can cause death

Signs & symptoms HPV-Warts in the genital or anal area; at site of skin to skin contact Hepatitis B- Flu-like symptoms; dark urine; yellowing of skin Crabs-Intense itching & possible rash in genital area; occasional swelling of lymph nodes in the groin Scabies-Intense itching in genital area, under the breast, in the armpits, between the fingers, or elsewhere

Highest possible percent that show signs & symptoms Gonorrhea Females: 80% show no signs or are mild Males: most show no signs Chlamydia- Very few show signs. Results may only show when woman wants to get pregnant. Genital Herpes Males: 75% can pass it to someone else Females: 25% show sign

Medicine/Cure? Gonorrhea-Antibiotics Chlamydia-Antibiotics Genital Herpes- NO CURE but medicine can ease symptoms Human Papilloma Virus- NO CURE; Warts can be removed by tricloracetic acid; podophyllin; laser; liquid nitrogen; surgery

Hepatitis B- NO CURE; interferon & gamma globulin can ease symptoms; vaccine available HIV/AIDS-NO CURE Syphilis-Antibiotics Pubic Lice (Crabs)- Medicated lotions & shampoos Scabies- Medicated lotions & shampoos

Testing & diagnosis for STDs A person who has an STD can go to a family doctor, or a private doctor to get tested There are public health clinics that offer free or low-cost treatment Clinics can be found in the Yellow Pages

Treatment for STDs After a person takes medicine and feels better, they have to keep taking the medicine until it is completely gone Sex partners should be treated at the same time for certain STDs If both sex partners are not treated at the same time, they can continue to re-infect each other

HIV:Human Immune Deficiency Virus – the virus that causes AIDS AIDS: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome - a STD caused by a virus that cripples a person’s immune system HIV-antibody test: a test used to determine whether a person has been infected with HIV HIV positive: the condition of being infected with HIV