VIRUS & CELLS The Introductory level of Cells and Viruses By Mr. Hulscher

OUTLOOK & REVIEW!!!  Understand the function of the cell  Understand the abilities of a virus  Explain types of viruses and cures  Explain the two main basic types of cells  Distinguish among the scientists  Describe organelles of the cell  Relate the difference between plant and animal cells

Virus Living or Non-living

Viruses No Cure for Viruses No Cure for Viruses Vaccine prevent the virus Vaccine prevent the virus –Actually dead or weak forms of the disease –Edward Jenner (1796) discovered vaccine for smallpox Cold sore, cold, AIDS, mumps, measles, Chicken Pox Cold sore, cold, AIDS, mumps, measles, Chicken Pox Gene Therapy finds cure for bad gene (sickle cell anemia) AIDS (HIV) –Attacks the immune system –No Cure –Die from it?

Cells (basic unit of a living organism) Carry out the functions within the system Carry out the functions within the system Nerve, White BC, RBC, muscle, epithelial, etc. Nerve, White BC, RBC, muscle, epithelial, etc. 1000’s of different types of cells 1000’s of different types of cells

Main types of Cells Eukaryote Eukaryote –Multicellular organisms (mainly) –Membrane –Membrane bound structures –All –All animals (you) –Most –Most plants Prokaryote –Unicellular organisms –No membrane bound –Example: bacteria

THE DISCOVERY OF CELLS T. Schwann Robert Hooke M. Schleiden Anton Von Leeuwenhoek

THE DISCOVERY OF CELLS T. Schwann Robert Hooke M. Schleiden Anton Von Leuowonhook

THE DISCOVERY OF CELLS Discovered the first microscope (simple light microscope 270 X’s) Compound light microscope - uses more than one lens - mainly used today by us

THE DISCOVERY OF CELLS Discovered the first CELL in cork (dead cells) - named cells for the rooms monks live in

THE DISCOVERY OF CELLS Discovered the first CELL - in PLANTS - helped with CELL THEORY

THE DISCOVERY OF CELLS Discovered the first CELL - in ANIMALS - helped with CELL THEORY

Cell Theory (as developed by many Scientists) 1) All organisms are composed of one or more cells 2) A cell is a basic unit of organization of all organisms 3) All cells come from pre-existing cells

Cellular Components Cytoplasm Nucleus Plasma Membrane Plasma Membrane Assigned terms. Assigned terms. Nucleolus Cell Wall Cell Wall

ASSIGNED TERMS ASSIGNED TERMS Rough “ER” and Smooth “ER” Rough “ER” and Smooth “ER” Chromatin Chromatin Explain 3 other types of Microscopes Explain 3 other types of Microscopes Organelles Organelles

Fluid of the Cell Fluid of the Cell The main component of organisms is water, this would be the cytoplasm.

“Brain of the cell” “Brain of the cell” Contains the blueprints of the activities “Hard drive or CPU of the computer”

“Prison wall” “Prison wall” Allows certain things in and certain things out. helps to maintain homeostasis (balance in the environment) helps to maintain homeostasis (balance in the environment) “screen window”

“Rigid structure or wall” “Rigid structure or wall” Allows anything in and out. Found only in plants. Contains cellulose.

The core of the Nucleus! The core of the Nucleus! Helps make ribosome's. RIBOSOMES - make proteins and enzymes with specific functions according to DNA

ASSEMBLY, TRANSPORT, STORAGE Endoplasmic Reticulum Endoplasmic Reticulum –“factory” where the work area is Golgi Apparatus Golgi Apparatus –“packaging” gets the proteins ready Vacuoles Vacuoles –“storage” enzymes, food, and cell materials Lysosomes Lysosomes –“recycler” digests worn out or extra organelles, food, and viruses or bacteria

Energy, Structure, & Movement Mitochondria Cytoskeleton Chloroplasts Assignment A Assignment A

“POWERHOUSE” Transforms energy for the cell Transforms energy for the cell Where the cell gets its energy Where the cell gets its energy

“GIVES THE SHELL SHAPE” Provides shape for the cell Provides shape for the cell “tent poles” “tent poles”

Converts light energy into mechanical Converts light energy into mechanical Converts light energy into mechanical Converts light energy into mechanical Contains chlorophyll Contains chlorophyll Contains chlorophyll Contains chlorophyll –CHLOROPHYLL - gives plants their green color CHLOROPHYLL - gives plants their green colorCHLOROPHYLL - gives plants their green color

Main Differences between Plants and Animal Cells Cell Wall(PLANTS) Cell Wall(PLANTS) Vacuoles (Big In PLANTS) Vacuoles (Big In PLANTS) Chromatin (PLANTS) Chromatin (PLANTS) –Chlorophyll

Multi-cellular Organisms Cells are grouped into TISSUES Cells are grouped into TISSUES TISSUES are grouped into ORGANS TISSUES are grouped into ORGANS ORGANS are grouped into ORGAN SYSTEM ORGANS are grouped into ORGAN SYSTEM ORGAN SYSTEMS are grouped into ORGANISMS ORGAN SYSTEMS are grouped into ORGANISMS

The END!!! Study, I worked hard on this for YOU!!!