Introduction to Medical Terminology

Think – Pair – Share (1 min) In your groups, think of reasons WHY it would be important to at least be familiar with some medical terminology. Think – Pair – Share (1 min)

Origins of Medical Language

Greek and Latin word parts Composes the majority of medical terms

Eponyms Derived from the name of a person Example: Alzheimer Disease

Acronyms Abbreviation of a phrase Can be spoken as a whole word Example: LASER Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation

Modern Language Derived from the English language Example: Nuclear Medicine Scanner

Practice Parkinson disease _____ hepatitis _____ MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) _____ postraumatic stress disorder _____ arthritis _____ nuclear medicine scanner _____ AIDS (aquired immunodeficiency syndrome) _____ Alzheimer disease _____ A. components of greek and latin word parts B. eponym C. acronym D. modern language

Answers 5. arthritis - A 6. nuclear medicine scanner - D A. components of greek and latin word parts B. eponym C. acronym D. modern language 5. arthritis - A 6. nuclear medicine scanner - D 7. AIDS (aquired immunodeficiency syndrome) - C 8. Alzheimer disease - B

Answers A. components of greek and latin word parts B. eponym C. acronym D. modern language 1. Parkinson disease - B 2. hepatitis - A 3. MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) - C 4. posttraumatic stress disorder - D

Categories of Medical Terms Terms built from word parts Terms not built from word parts From Greek and Latin Roots Can be literally translated Example: Arthritis Arth/itis Eponyms, acronyms, and modern language Cannot be literally translated Example: Alzheimers Disease

Medical Terms Built from Word Parts Four Word Parts Medical Terms Built from Word Parts

Word Root Core of the Word Examples: Play/er

Suffix End of the word root modifies its meaning Examples: Play/er

Prefix Attached to the beginning of a word root to modify it’s meaning Example: Re/play Sub/hepat/ic Intra/ven/ous

Combining Vowel Word Part Usually an “o” Ease pronunciation

Combining Form Word root + combining vowel Separated by a vertical slash Example: Arthr/o

Practice 1. Attached at the beginning _____ 2. Usually an o _____ 3. All medical terms include at least one _____ 4. Attached at the end of a word root _____ 5. Word root with combining vowel attached _____ A. Combining vowel B. Prefix C. Combining Form D. Word Root E. Suffix

Practice 1. Attached at the beginning ___B__ 2. Usually an o __A___ 3. All medical terms include at least one _D____ 4. Attached at the end of a word root _E____ 5. Word root with combining vowel attached ___C__ A. Combining vowel B. Prefix C. Combining Form D. Word Root E. Suffix

Four(ish) Guidelines for Using Combining Vowels

Number 1 Word root + suffix CV used if the suffix does NOT begin with a vowel Example: Arthr/o/pathy

Number 2 Word root + suffix CV NOT used if the suffix begins with a vowel Example: Hepat/ic

Number 3 Word roots + word root CV is used even if vowels are present at the junction Example: Oste/o/athr/itis

Number 4(ish) Prefix + Word root CV is NOT used Example: Sub/hepat/ic

Practice (T or F)  if false give the reason WHY… 1. There is always prefixes at the beginning of medical terms 2. A combining vowel is always used when connecting a word root and a suffix that begins with the letter o. 3. A prefix modifies the meaning of the word. 4. A combining vowel is used to ease pronunciation. 5. I is the most commonly used combining vowel.

1. There is always prefixes at the beginning of medical terms F A medical term may begin with the word root and have no prefix 2. A combining vowel is always used when connecting a word root and a suffix that begins with the letter o. If the suffix begins with a vowel, the combingin vowel is usually not used 3. A prefix modifies the meaning of the word. T

4. A combining vowel is used to ease pronunciation. 5. I is the most commonly used combining vowel. F – O is the most commonly used

More T/F Practice 6. The word root is the core of a medical term. 7. A combining vowel is used between a prefix and a word root. 8. A combining form is a word part. 9. A combining vowel is used when connecting a word root and a suffix if the suffix begins with the letter g.

Answers 6. The word root is the core of a medical term. T 7. A combining vowel is used between a prefix and a word root. 7. F A combining vowel is used between two word roots or between a word root and a suffix to ease pronunciation

Answers 8. A combining form is a word part. F A combining form is a word root with a combining vowel attached and is not one of the four word parts 9. A combining vowel is used when connecting a word root and a suffix if the suffix begins with the letter g. T

Word Part List Word Roots Definition Suffixes Arthr Joint -it is Inflammation Hepat Liver -ic Pertaining to Ven Vein -ous Oste Bone -pathy Disease -megaly enlargement Prefixes Combining Vowel Intra- Within O Sub- Under

Then use them to quiz your lab partner! Create some note cards! Create note cards for your med terms or use quizlet! Front  Terms Back  Definitions Then use them to quiz your lab partner!

Practice: Use the word part list to complete the following exercise… Identify the word parts and their meanings, analyze and define the following terms. Example: Osteoathropathy Athritis Hepatitis Subhepatic Intravenous Arthropathy Osteitis Hepatomegaly

Answers 1. Arthr/itis (inflammation of the joint) WR S 2. hepat/itis (inflammation of the liver) WR S 3. sub/hepat/ic (pertaining to under the liver) P WR S 4. intra/ven/ous (pertaining to within the vein) P WR S

Answers 5. arthr/o/pathy (disease of the joint) WR CV S 6. oste/itis (inflammation of the bone) WR S 7. hepat/o/megaly (enlargment of the liver) WR CV S

Practice: Building Medical Terms Example: Disease of a joint 1. find the word for disease 2. find the word for joint 3. does it need a CV?

Practice: Building Medical Terms 1. Inflammation of the joint WR/S 2. Pertaining to the liver WR/S 3. Pertaining to under the liver P/WR/S 4. Pertaining to within the vein P/WR/S 5. Inflammation of the bone WR/S 6. Inflammation of the liver WR/S 7. Disease of the bone and joint WR/CV/WR/CV/S 8. Enlargement of the liver WR/CV/S

Answers: 1. arthr/it is 2. hepat/ic 3. sub/hepat/ic 4. intra/ven/ous 5. oste/it is 6. hepat/it is 7. oste/o/arthr/o/pathy 8. hepat/o/megaly

What about the words you CAN’T break down?

Exit Slip: Lets see how much you remember! Identify the word parts and their meanings, analyze and define the following terms: Arthromegaly Venopathy Identify the correct medical term for the description Inflammation of the bone Pertaining to (-ous) within the vein