The New Agri-Business Agri-Waste to Bio-chemicals Richard Parnas University of Connecticut RPM Sustainable Technologies BioFibers LLC

The Three Pieces of the RPM Sustainable Technologies Pie The Farm Algae ProductionBiofuels and Chemicals Independent but Interdependent

The RPM Concept Farm Waste Bio-refinery Bio fuels chemicals Power Plant Gas Cleanup Digester Nutrients KW Algae Production CO 2 Q Glycerol Processing High Value Chemicals KWQ Fertilizer Mash “THE FARM” RPM Technology RPM Sustainable Technologies Alternative Feed Stock - Cooking oils -- Yellow grease -- Cottonseed -- Soy/Rape/safflower/? CO 2 Farm Sales

The Products The Farm Algae Production Bio-Refinery Bio-Fuels $3/gal Special Chemicals $20/gal Pharmaceuticals $/oz Fertilizer $/lb Dairy Products Power $.10/kwh

How Can This Work? 1) Don’t waste the CO 2 from the digester & power generator 2) Use the sun twice The Farm Algae Production Bio-Refinery Fertilizer $/lb Dairy Products Power $.10/kwh Bio-Fuels $3/gal Special Chemicals $20/gal Pharmaceuticals $/oz Fertilizer $/lb

Farm Algae Production Biofuels and Chemicals Same Pieces of Pie – Different Location Smaller Farms Alternative Feed Stock - Cooking oils -- Yellow grease -- Cottonseed -- Soy/Rape/safflower/? Potential Benefits - Addresses environmental concerns - Allows smaller farms to participate -- Economy of scale for refinery -- Logistics advantage

A Unique Opportunity A new cash crop that is internally self-sufficient and completly sustainable Expandable output – external green feed stocks could supplement algae where economically viable Done in phases – Farm power - < one year – Bio-refinery - < less than six months after permitting – Algae < when available Multiple applications – Dairy farms and feed lots – Waste water treatment plants

Why Doesn’t Algae work now? It’s too expensive or too risky Why don’t biodigesters work now? It’s too expensive or too risky (Same answer every time)

We need incentive! Let’s do it the old fashioned way – Create a new product Farm 1,3-PD, $20/gal Waste Sugars 2,5-DMTHF Sludge $30,000/gal Gas CO 2 Electric Power, $0.15/kWh Biodiesel CH 4 Farm Fuel Oils Fertilizer Microbial Cultivation Extraction