INTERLOCKED DWI OFFENDERS HAVE LOWER CUMULATIVE RECIDIVISM FOR SIX YEARS AFTER INSTALLATION 2010 RSA Conference Richard Roth, PhD Impact DWI and PIRE Roth 6/29/ RSA Conference
2 An Ignition Interlock is an Electronic Probation Officer Dedicated Probation Officer in Front Seat On duty 24 hours per day Tests and Records daily BAC’s Allows only Alcohol-Free Persons to Drive. Reports All Violations to the Court Costs Offender only $2.30 per day. (1 less drink per day) Roth 6/29/ RSA Conference
Roth 6/29/ RSA Conference3 More and More Interlocks Are Being Used To Reduce Drunk Driving
The New Mexico Laws Optional Judicial Mandate for 2 nd and 3 rd DWI Mandatory Judicial Program for 1 st Aggravated and All Subsequent Offenders Indigent Fund (Judges Decide) Administrative Program: Ignition Interlock License available for all revoked offenders with no waiting period Mandatory For All: 1 yr for 1 st ; 2 yrs for 2 nd ; 3 yrs for 3 rd ; and lifetime with 5 yr review for 4 or more Revocation periods increased Mandatory Interlock before unrestricted license Objective Standard for Indigency 4Roth 6/29/ RSA Conference
Roth 6/29/ RSA Conference5 12,005
Roth 6/29/ RSA Conference6 New Mexico Leads the Nation in Using Interlocks To Reduce Drunk Driving
Selection Criteria For Interlock Group, IG, and Comparison Group, CG. 1.Include only New Mexico offenders (visitors are unlikely to be re-arrested for DWI in NM) 2.Select range for Initial DWI Arrest dates the same for both IG and CG. ( ) 3.Select last-date-for-possible-re-arrest to maximize use of available data (3/31/2010) 4.Include Available Correlates: Age, Gender, BACGroup, Priors for each offender. 5.Shift Index time of CG to make it equivalent to IG. Roth 6/29/ RSA Conference7
Roth 6/29/ RSA Conference8 Recidivism In the Six Years After Interlock Installation For Those Who Installed within 90 days after Conviction N 32,960 10,114 N N 11, N (22 day shift) (36 day shift) (29 day shift) (32 day shift) From spo
Roth 6/29/ RSA Conference9 Recidivism of Convicted Offenders While Interlocks Are Installed From spo Multivariate HR(CG/IG) = 3.95 Multivariate HR(CG/IG) = 1.99 Multivariate HR(CG/IG) = 2.59 Multivariate HR(CG/IG) = 3.10
Roth 6/29/ RSA Conference10 Recidivism of Convicted Offenders After Interlock Removal Multivariate HR(CG/IG) = % CI Highly Significant Multivariate HR(CG/IG) = %CI Not Significant Multivariate HR(CG/IG) = % CI Not Significant Multivariate HR(CG/IG) = % CI Barely Significant N N N
Groups Hazard Ratio 95% C.I. CG / IG Age per Year Females/Males HiBAC/LowBAC Refuses/LowBAC Recidivism of Convicted First Offenders After Interlock Removal Roth 6/29/ RSA Conference From T4 CG& IG.spo N
Interlocked First Offenders in NM have fewer re-arrests per year of exposure in the years after their first arrest. Roth 6/29/ RSA Conference
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Roth 6/29/ RSA Conference14 Evidence of Reductions in Drunk Driving Rates in New Mexico
Roth 6/29/ RSA Conference15 More Interlocks, Fewer Alcohol-Involved Crashes, Injuries, and Fatalities
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Roth 6/29/ RSA Conference17 Overall DWI Recidivism Is Steadily Declining in New Mexico H.R.(2008/2002)= % reduction in DWI Recidivism From Recid by Year.spo
Roth 6/29/ RSA Conference18 N(CG) = N(IG) = HR(CG/IG) = % CI =
Comments NM Interlocked Offenders Have Less Recidivism in the Six Years After being interlocked. Unmeasured correlates, such as self-selection or judicial discretion, could enhance, reduce, or eliminate the difference in recidivism rates after interlock removal. Other measures, such as publicity, enforcement, prevention programs and a DWI Leadership Group, contributed to the overall reductions in alcohol-involved crashes, injuries, and fatalities. Roth 6/29/ RSA Conference19
Roth 6/29/ RSA Conference20 Richard Roth, PhD Executive Director Impact DWI Impact DWI Websites