High-Speed Train and Airports Integration. The case of the first Spanish private airport: Aeropuerto Central Ciudad Real Escolástico Gonzalez Lopez

A historic perspective of transport in Spain 1900 – 1950  The railway becomes the main transport in medium and long distance.  From 1940 to 2005 an only public operator manages the infrastructure network and the travelers operator 1950 – 1980  The car becomes the main character due to the improvement of technology and the creation of a wide roads network.  All the public policy focuses on road transport. Roads manage 90% of the passenger traffic and 80% of the cargo traffic 1980 – 2000  Aircraft gains market share within the peninsula  LCC’s start operating in the Spanish market in 1998, this fact boosts the air industry 2000– 2010  The railway emerges upon the arrival of the high-speed train  The railway becomes a competitor of aircraft

Spanish railway system : Three types of track width Aeropuerto CR Conventional network and width NETWORKIberian width State Ownership FeaturesOne-wayTwo-wayTotal Electrified Non Electrified5.236 Total NETWORKWidth State Ownership FeaturesOne-wayTwo-wayTotal Electrified Non Electrified8770 Total  Nowadays, conventional railways are being transformed for the cargo transport. The railways correspond to those corridors that may be used for the cargo transport once high-speed train becomes operative.  The construction of new alternatives to the conventional network.  The enlargement of current network capacity.  The reinforcement of the connection between railway network and the main State seaports.  Ciudad Real Airport is building a cargo terminal that enables the connection to the conventional train network.

Spanish railway system : Three types of track width Aeropuerto CR NETWORKU.I.C width State Ownership FeaturesTwo-way Operative1.300 Under construction2.200 Projected6.500 Total High-Speed Network  30 Spanish cities will be connected through high-speed train network  90% of the Spanish population will be living less than 50 kms away from a station  In 2012, Spain will be the first country in the world with a higher number of Kms of high- speed train network  All the provinces capital cities will be connected to the high-speed train network  High-speed network will connect both Iberian Peninsula countries, Spain and Portugal. Madrid –Lisboa  The European South East axis will connect Spain to France through high-speed train (2010)  Ciudad Real airport will be the first Spanish airport to be directly connected to the high-speed network

Year 2005  In 2005, a new Spanish railway network shows up as a consequence of the application of EU directives. - There is a split between infrastructure and operator. - Renfe stops being a monopoly and cargo transport is liberalised. New Spanish railway network  The application of new EU directives in 2010/11 will imply the liberalization of railway pax transport  Ciudad Real airport intends to become one of the new railway operators Spanish railway system : Three types of track width

Spanish Airport System: Public Network and Private Airports  Public airports network. 35 Airports  Private airports. 9 Licenses  1 operative: Ciudad Real airport  3 under construction  2 General interest declarations have been awarded  3 in project  All of them, excluding Ciudad Real Airport, are being promoted by regional administrations  Air Traffic Control (AENA) has a monopoly nature. Tariffs: airline or airport  State Security services. Security fee to be paid by the pax.  State customs services. Veterinary Aeropuerto CR  During 2010, the airports de-centralization process starts and Regional administrations will participate. The first de-centralised airports will be Madrid, Barcelona and Palma.  The Spanish public airport network managed in million pax.  Thr first 3 Spanish airports, Madrid, Barcelona and Palma amount 50 % of the air traffic.  The air and airport industries are bound to Spanish tourism, which is the State’s first national income source.  Strong presence of LCC’s.

Spain’s physical characteristics: Population and territory layout  During the last 25 years, a road and railway radial communications system has been maintained, connecting the center to the coasts of Spain.  The high capacity road network, highways and toll highways, keeps on expanding (from kms to kms in 2020)  This roads network has encouraged the competitiveness of bus and private car.  However, the radial distances in the peninsula (400 – 600 kms from Madrid to all the periferic cities) make the AVE become the main transport means over the next 25 years.  The distances in the Iberian Peninsula thorugh high-speed train network will be no more than 2.5 hours from the center of Spain to the periferic areas.  The Spanish State bet on the high-speed train, including the construction of 10,000 kms of network, becomes a new way of understanding the territorial structure, more environmentally-friendly and more energy-efficient.  High-speed train is 100% feeded by electric power, there is no pollution in the cities. Since Spain is a leader in renewable power, the usage of it will reduce its impact on the AVE.

AVE & Airports Integration: High-speed train and aircraft - competitors  Spanish airports only have a conventional track railway connection from the airport to downtown  High-speed railway tracks have not been designed to be present at the airports.  Both modes, air and high-speed railway are competing in the Peninsula domestic relations.  Madrid – Barcelona  Madrid – Málaga  Madrid - Sevilla Market Share Train + Airplane Point to Point

Aeropuerto CR  Currently, there aren’t intermodality development in Spain  There are any projects for connect the airplane with the train, example: Málaga and Barcelona  Others cities haven’t the connection. Only there are connections air-land Service networks and passenger transport intermodality

The case of the first Spanish private airport: Aeropuerto Central Ciudad Real

European Policy: White Book 2010 The combination on the same spot of an airport, a high- speed train station (AVE), high-capacity roads, and a dry port, makes the project become a powerful concentration of diverse transportation platforms enabling it to locate itself in a strategic position as far as the peninsula and southern Europe transits are concerned. Intermodal development through different means of transportation, especially between air mode and railway. Involvement of mobility systems and more sustainable means of transport Complimentary use of the High-speed train and Airport

Internacional Airport Comercial Aviation General Aviation Cargo and Passengers Logistic Area Logistic Center Industry Area Railway Activities AVE Station Intermodal Station Cargo Comercial Activities and management services Fully equipped customs offices (PIF) and The Intermodality within the city transport

 Adif and the Fomento Ministry approve the AVE train station project on February 16, This will enable Central Airport to be less than an hour away from Madrid.  First airport in Spain with AVE connection and with a potential of 20 million passengers.  Nowadays, 56 daily frequencies (Avant, AVE and Altaria) are under operation in the high-speed South corridor in connection to Madrid.  Aeropuerto Central Ciudad Real, through its territorial layout, is able to reduce to the minimum size the social and economic costs of intermodality (less financial cost, less environmental cost) and it may ease permeability conditions among transportation modes.  Less than 2 minutes access to any type of transportation mode. The airport and its logistics platform are configured as an XXI-century airport city, offering all kind of services to customers and users. The first airport in Spain with AVE connection

High-speed connection Configured as an excellent integration point of road, air and railway (AVE + conventional) transport for passengers and cargo AVE airport connection catchment area. The airport is 55 minutes away from Madrid and Cordoba, 90 minutes away from Seville and 2 hours away from Zaragoza

A. 2. Station AVE. Features  The passenger terminal is connected to the AVE train station by a walkway 200 meters  Elapsed time in the coupling (2 minutes) and uncoupling (1 minute) is faster than time needed for the passengers to get on or get off the train

A. 2. Station AVE. Features  Direct Connection with two railway networks: international and conventional.  Connection with speed-high (AVE): Madrid, Ciudad Real, Puertollano, Cordoba, Sevilla, Málaga, Cádiz, Huelva.  Connection with conventional: Extremadura and any regional localities of Castilla-La Mancha (Almagro, Daimiel, Manzanares, Alcázar de San Juan, Criptana, Albacete. etc.)

High-speed train pax evolution: South Corridor  The South Corridor high-speed train pax traffic (Madrid Ciudad Real – Puertollano – Sevilla), according to estimations done by SPIM, has shown a rising trend in the period 2000 –  In 2000 this traffic reached 4,54 million pax whereas in 2006 the total traffic reached 5,93 million pax, this means a variation rate of 4,54%.  The network map and high-speed train traffic data are shown in the attached graphs. Elaboración: SPIM Aeropuerto CR A. 3. Traffic. South Corridor

 Another demand niche for Ciudad Real airport is the Reino de Don Quijote Resort, integrated by touristic, leisure and residential complexes, and where leisure, trading and golf offers are combined.  The potential demand attraction this complex may arise sets an objective of 1,2 million pax travelling from Madrid and Ciudad Real Airport in  The summary of potential demand shows that in 2010 there will be 1,6 million pax/year (1,3 million for the airport and new users) whereas from 2011 on, the demand will reach 2,8 million pax due to the new demand generated by the resort. Summary of Potential Demand A. 4. Demand

Potential Demand Attraction  Potentially attracted streams:  Nowadays, the Puertollano – Madrid-Atocha shuttle transports approximately 1,3 million pax: each train may transport 230 pax, with a daily frequency of 16 trains. The proposal of a stop at Ciudad Real Airport, with a double-composition train, will attract a maximum amount of 1,3 million pax, generated by Ciudad Real Airport.  On the other hand, this traffic may provoke an additional 25% induced demand, so the traffic would increase up to 1,6 million pax. MADRID CIUDAD REAL CIUDAD REAL AEROPUERTO PUERTOLLANO 1,3 MM A. 4. Demand

B. Intermodal Terminal Connection intermodal with the seaports  The Dry Port is connection with the principal ports of Spain  The intermodal station is in the Peninsular Center, between Mediterranean sea and Atlantic Ocean

Direct connection to A-41 & A-43 highways. Upcoming connection to AP- 41 highway. B. 1.Intermodal Terminal. Connection by road Next to A-4 Andalucía highway and at 10 km of IV Centenary Highway

B. 1. Intermodal Terminal. Central Ciudad Real Airport. Features -The Intermodal terminal extends over a total surface of 17.6 hectares at the airport Service Area, where 35 hectares will be dedicated to logistics activities. -A beam consisting of 2 reception and delivery railway tracks, electrified, with a 900-metre length and a 3‰ longitudinal slope. -The intermodal terminal includes a paved containers area (1.050 x 55 meters) for the railway activity

B. 2. Intermodal Terminal. Demanda y tráfico. According to the provided information, the Ciudad Real intermodal terminal containers potential attraction traffic would reach TEU’s along the first year of operation, this amount is expected to steadily increase up to TEU’s during the tenth year operation. From then on the containers traffic will increase on a 5 % basis/year, without running out of the terminal capacity, but leaving a 15 % margin between the traffic received and its maximum capacity. -In addition to these traffic, it is estimated that a vehicle railway transportation traffic will reach 2 trains/week in the first year of the terminal operation, reaching 10 trains/week in the tenth year, to finally remain constant from then on. -Finally, another income is estimated due to road TEU’s of TEU’s every year.

 The Intermodal Terminal of Central Ciudad Real Airport, second Dry Port of Spain, is a business itself  The Intermodal Terminal Central Ciudad Real Airport is a value added for the logistic center  Intermodal Terminal opens news business for the airport. Example: Car Campaign for cars). B. Intermodal Terminal

INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT - Pax terminal - Air Cargo Terminal HIGH-SPEED TRAIN STATION (AVE) CONVENTIONAL RAILWAY PAX STATION ROAD CONNECTIONS – HIGHWAYS CARGO INTERMODAL STATION/ DRY PORT LOGISTICS PLATFORM  The highest concentration of intermodal infrastructure in the Iberian Peninsula High-speed connection

C. The Logistic Center major of European The Logistic Area extends over 600,000 sqm 14 different areas of activity dedicated to transport and logistics Intermodal space within 1km walking distance

Thank you for your attention Escolástico González López : Tfno: / D. General Aeropuerto Central Ciudad Real 2006/2009 Director Comercial Transportes Mercancías Renfe 2002/2006 J. Nacional de Ventas Viajeros Renfe G.L 1996/2002 Gerente AVE Ciudad Real – Puertollano 1988/1996