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Possible Circumstances Terrorist Hostage/Barricade Situation Crime in Progress Domestic Violence Prison/Detention facility Suicidal 2

Crisis An inability to maintain balance when stressors, real or imagined, are introduced into a person’s life 3

To confer in order to reach an agreement 4 Negotiation

The first 15 to 45 minutes are the most DANGEROUS time in a crisis situation Anxiety and Fear Are the Predominant Emotions 5 Initial Contact

Average Crisis Management Team Response Time is 45 Minutes to 1 Hour 6 Initial Contact

Ensure your safety !!! Cover not concealment Call for backup Give the target location and a safe staging area 7 Initial Contact

THINGS TO DO (Primary Responsibilities) I solate the suspect(s) C ontain the situation E valuate the incident R eport to Communication Center and supervisor I.C.E.R

Isolate the Threat Establish perimeters –Inner- perimeter –Outer-perimeter Evacuate un-involved people Isolate

Contain the Threat Deny mobility Utilize limit lines and areas of responsibility Attempt to keep problem isolated to your immediate area Contain

Evaluate Can you manage the situation or do you need assistance from specialized units? Have you established contact with a subject or suspect? Evaluate

Evaluate (cont’) Establish arrest/app. Team Attempt to calm and slow situation Attempt contact and keep subject occupied Ask subject to come out/surrender Report

Update supervisor and responding units of any changes Continuously collect and evaluate information/intelligence Report

THE ULTIMATE GOAL Reduce the Likelihood of Further Violence 14

Losing patience Precipitating action Expressing moral/value judgments, creating resistance Common Mistakes

Subject’s action during the 30 minute setting-in period cannot be used as an indicator of future actions –However, best predictor of future behavior is past behavior In an active shooter incident the immediate deployment of a rapid response team is imperative 30 minute rule applies when there is a standoff 30 Minute Rule

... Is Subject/Suspect Aware of Others Who Might Be Trapped? 17 Concerns

Once ICER has been established… 18 Evacuate innocents to a holding area for interviewingEvacuate innocents to a holding area for interviewing –Can you do it safely? –How will you protect them from the elements and interview them? –Prepare contingency plan

Gather Intelligence From… Commanding Officer Responding Officers Family, friends, witnesses HQ, if subject has spoken with Communications Center 19

SWAT needs ASAP… Diagram Vehicles Weapons Suspect description Location of perimeter Officers 20

PRO’SCON’S Should the First Responder Make An Initial Contact? 21

INITIAL CONTACT Need contact officer and scribe (note taker)Need contact officer and scribe (note taker) OFFICER SAFETYOFFICER SAFETY 22

Rationale for Initial Contact Attempt To Calm SubjectAttempt To Calm Subject Develop Additional IntelligenceDevelop Additional Intelligence Buys TimeBuys Time Keeps Subject BusyKeeps Subject Busy 23

If You Decide to Make Contact: Reassure the Subject That You Have Things In Control Outside 24

INITIAL CONTACT Avoid soliciting demands Avoid bargaining, making concessions, and offering anything Tricks and lying can be disastrous and harm future efforts in the negotiation 25

Offer vagueness in decision- making process (don’t defer to “boss”, “sheriff” or “chief”)Offer vagueness in decision- making process (don’t defer to “boss”, “sheriff” or “chief”) Avoid face-to-faceAvoid face-to-face Do Not Allow any Exchange of Hostages, and Especially, Do not Exchange Yourself for a HostageDo Not Allow any Exchange of Hostages, and Especially, Do not Exchange Yourself for a Hostage INITIAL CONTACT

The First Few Statements May Set the Tone For The Next Few Hours 27

Introduction Example: “Hello in there. My name is _______ with the ________ Sheriff’s/Police Department. Everything is under control out here, is everything all right in there?“Hello in there. My name is _______ with the ________ Sheriff’s/Police Department. Everything is under control out here, is everything all right in there? I want to …(help, listen, hear, calm) this situation.I want to …(help, listen, hear, calm) this situation. 28

Play down… past events Negotiation Tips

Minimize the Seriousness of the Incident Negotiation Tips

Avoid Directing Frequent Attention to the Victims; Don’t Call Them Hostages Negotiation Tips

It’s More Important To Be A Good Listener Than A Good Talker 32 Negotiation Tips

Listening Carefully To the Subject’s Responses May Provide You With Valuable Intelligence 33 Negotiation Tips

Everything They Say Will Tell You Something About Themselves 34 Remember…

For example: SexSex RaceRace Ethnic GroupEthnic Group Age RangeAge Range Mental StateMental State For Example:

First Responding Negotiator Respond promptly with gearRespond promptly with gear Gather InformationGather Information Disseminate InformationDisseminate Information Communicate, Communicate, CommunicateCommunicate, Communicate, Communicate 36

Resolution of a Hostage Crisis is a Law Enforcement Responsibility 37 Remember…

38 Remember… “Safety And Control Must Always Be the Prime Considerations In The Decision Making Process.” Lt. Robert Louden (Ret) NYPD Hostage Negotiation Team

Every morning in Africa, a lion wakes up and it knows it must outrun the fastest gazelle or it will starve to death. Every morning a gazelle wakes up and it know it must outrun the slowest lion or it will be eaten. It doesn’t matter if you’re a lion or a gazelle, when the sun comes up, you had better be ready. 39

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