Geriatrics, Gerontology & Gerontechnology Prof.dr. Alain Franco, France 1st ISG Masterclass Gerontechnology Eindhoven, may 22nd – 23 rd, 2006 International Society for Gerontechnology and the Herman Bouma Foundation for Gerontechnology

Aging worldwide

« Women have now the power, my dear! »

Population in millions Age Structure of the population UK 1991, Pr Stuart PARKER, University of Sheffield

Population in millions Age UK 1991 Parker 2001

Population in millions Age UK 1996 Parker 2001

Population in millions Age UK 2001 Parker 2001

Population in millions Age UK 2006 Parker 2001

Population in millions Age UK 2011 Parker 2001

Population in millions Age UK 2016 Parker 2001

Population in millions Age UK 2021 Parker 2001

Population in millions Age UK 2026 Parker 2001

Population in millions Age UK 2031 Parker 2001

Population in millions Age UK 2036 Parker 2001

Population in millions Age UK 2041 Parker 2001

Population in millions Age UK 2046 Parker 2001

Population in millions Age UK 2051 Parker 2001

Usually healthy aging

Worldwide but differences in life expectancy

Population mondiale

Gero(n)technology Definition  Crossed and multidisciplinary approach between gerontology and technology –Gerontology: sciences of aging under its different aspects –Technology: technics applied to the production of goods and services answering needs of daily living CORNET G., Revue Hospitalière de France, 1999, n°2, 82-5.

Gerontechnology Finality To improve quality of life To improve quality of care For aging and elderly persons For frail and/or disabled persons

Gerontechnology Goals of prevention u To protect or restore autonomy u To improve the comfort in the ADL u To improve the efficacy in the IADL u To protect social links by developing technical aids u To create a favourable environment in order to prevent or compensate functional disabilities

Gerontechnology A paradox  technologies are invading the society  New and performing tools for elderly patients, caregivers  decrease (?) of learning capacities for elderly persons  Gap at risk to generate exclusion  Two worlds apparently distant “Les chassés-croisés entre la technique et le social" Françoise BOUCHAYER (CNAV), Alain ROZENKIER (MIRE), French gov. Report, 1999

Gerontechnology Moving World: International Society of Gerontechnology st Congress in Eindhoven (NL) EU Programs: COST A5, TIDE, 5th and 6th RDCP 1996 Congress in Helsinki 2002 Congress in Miami CORNET G., Revue Hospitalière de France, 1999, n°2, France 2002 Groupe Français de Gérontechnologie de la SFGG Institut de la Longévité (France): genetics, clinical research, gerontechnology… but gave up…

Gerontechnology Ways for action  A method: user centered –Identification of the needs of end users and intermediate users –Step by step evaluation of solutions (iteration) –Global expectations are different from younger population –Integration of aged persons in the process

Gerontechnology Ways for action  A collaboration: multidisciplinarity  obvious for gerontologists.  ergonomy, communication, computer, robotics, domotics, micro- electronics, biotechnology,  « design for all », for the weakest  Brakes: sociology, psychology, legal, professional and ethical aspects, fear instrumentalisation  Brakes: divergence between actors (target person, caregiver, nurse, doctor, financing…)  Brakes: costs and economy

Five aspects for Gerontechnology 1. Prevention 2. Support of social activity and links 3. Compensation of functional disabilities and handicap 4. Aid for professional and informal caregivers 5. Education and research Institute for Gerontechnology - Eindhoven, NL

Gerontechnology Prevention  Sensorial progressive loss (vision, audition)  Prevention of trauma (hip protector)  etc… Not enough financing Difficulties to assess

Gerontechnology Support of social activity and links  (Télé)communications  Multimedia  Internet  Tele-assistance  Telemedicine  User-friendly

Gerontechnology Compensation disabilities and handicap  Vital functions  Cognitive funct.: memory, executive  Object handling  Sensorial perception : auditive, visual, tactile  Move in, out  Preservation of elderly Citizenship

Gerontechnology Aid for caregivers  Telemedicine and home care  Home care coordination  Virtual consultation  Chronical diseases management  Patient and caregiver education  ViSaDom

Gerontechnology Education and research  Teaching of aging processes for the technologists  Progressive adaptation of workers to their job  Work organization and management of aging workers  Education for all in new technologies  Age groups integration  New jobs care/techno  Assess the quality of education and research

End-users of gerontechnologies Maslow’s pyramid for needs

End-users of gerontechnologies Maslow’s pyramid for needs The market

Intermediate users of gerontechnologies Intermediate users : Medical care services u Hospital (including home hospitalisation) u Social care services (nursing home, home care, social services) u Health professionals (physicians, nurses) u Bio-medical material providers u Telecommunication companies u Computer science companies u Etc…

Financing gerontechnologies u End-user itself u Family or substitute u Foundations u Social insurance system u Health care system u City or community solidarity u (Welfare) state

An equipped smart room

GARDIEN: nocturnal activity: quiet pt

GARDIEN: nocturnal activity: paroxystic agitation

GARDIEN: nocturnal activity: chronical agitation (sleep disorders)

Actimetry VIVAGO Bracelet, IST Finland 24/24 activity, hypothermia, out of zone Real time alarms for the caregivers

Actimetric overmattress COUTURIER P, al., The Lancet, Vol 347, march 2,1996.

Japanese robots u Paro

Conclusion u Multiple needs for gerontechnologies u Healthy aging u Lack of caregivers u Who will pay in the future ? u Gerontechnology is also a political science