7 Chapter 7 The University Lab: Conceptual Design Database Systems: Design, Implementation, and Management, Fifth Edition, Rob and Coronel

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 2 In this chapter, you will learn: How to develop a database initial study How to write a description of operations How to write business rules on which the database design is based How to translate the business rules into ERD segments How to put the ERD segments together to create the initial ERD

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 3 Database Initial Study Detailed description of organization’s current and proposed superscript database system environments –Organizational Objectives Structure Operations Problems –System Objectives Scope and boundaries Information sources and users End-user requirements

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 4 UCL Database Initial Study Users –Assistant Dean, College of Business –Computer Lab Director –Computer Lab Assistants –Computer Lab Secretary –Computer Lab Graduate Assistants Objectives –Provide users with controlled access to UCL assets –Guide users working with assets and provide problem-solving services

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 5 UCL’s Organizational Structure Figure 7.1

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 6 UCL Description of Operations Inventory, storage, order management –Classifications: hardware, software, literature, supplies –Serialized vs. nonserialized items Table 7.2

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 7 UCL Description of Operations (con’t.) Equipment maintenance and repair management –Information kept in Bad Equipment Log and Hardware Returned for Service Log Equipment check-out and check-in management –Form completed when equipment checked out –Notice sent for late equipment Lab assistant payroll management –Time sheets used to track assistants –Hourly basis for a fourteen day period Lab reservation management –Faculty member completes reservation form with date, time, department, and course number Computer lab access management –Lab users sign users’ log and leave University ID card

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 8 Common Problems and Constraints in Current System Never up to date and error-ridden Too much data duplication and inconsistency Does not generate useful information Does not allow ad hoc queries CLD spends too much time processing data manually Lack of computerization makes inventory management difficult

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 9 Specific Problems Inventory/Storage/Order Management –No access to crucial inventory management data for CLD –UCL needs available stock figures & average use of supplies –CLD does not know item location Equipment maintenance and repair management –CLD cannot generate history for equipment –CLD determine the status of items subject to maintenance procedures

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 10 Specific Problems (con’t.) Equipment check-out/check-in management –CLD lacks information about lab assets Lab assistant payroll management –CLD spends too much time summarizing hours worked LAs –CLD cannot estimate work loads Lab reservations management –Manual reservation system inadequate –No statistical information for scheduling lab reservations Computer lab access management –User log not properly maintained –Certain items not returned –Security problems

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 11 Constraints for UCL Time Frame –Operational within 3 months Hardware and Software –Use existing UCL hardware and software Distributed Aspects and Expandability –Operate in multiuser environment –Independent of existing administrative systems Cost –Development costs must be minimal –Use no more than two additional terminals –Operate without additional personnel –$9,500 is available

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 12 Objectives for UCL General System Objectives –Improve operational efficiency –Provide useful information for planning, control, and security Specific Objectives –Inventory/Storage/Order Management Better purchase order control Monitor supply item stock Control inventory by type and item Quick information about item location Timely information about use of supplies and generate stats to aid in future purchases

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 13 Specific Objectives for UCL (con’t.) Equipment maintenance and repair management –Monitor maintenance histories –Track items returned to vendor Equipment check-out/check-in management –Tracks items checked out –Monitor item check-out time –Generate usage statistics Lab assistant payroll management –Scheduling and work loads –Work summaries

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 14 Specific Objectives for UCL (con’t.) Lab reservations management –Decrease reservation processing time –Produce reservation schedules –Generate statistical summaries Computer lab access management –Control users and lab resources –Reduce sign-in time –Provide peak use information for scheduling

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 15 Scope and Boundaries What will be system’s extent? –UCL portion of organizational chart –Independent of other systems What operational areas are covered by system? –Limited to six areas addressed earlier What design/ implementation strategy to use? –Organization into system modules What modules should be included in system? –Lab management –Inventory management How do modules interface? –Through CHECK_OUT module

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 16 Modules and Interfaces Figure 7.2 Table 7.4

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 17 Conceptual Design Phase Confirmation of good data sources From Table 7.5

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 18 Conceptual Design: General Systems Requirements Easy to use Provide security measures Fully integrated Able to access system concurrently Perform various functions –Personnel, inventory, order, maintenance, reservation, Check_out, and access Input driven by output

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 19 Conceptual Design Phase: User Needs Figure 7.3 Table 7.6

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 20 Conceptual Design Phase: Initial Entities Table 7.8

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 21 Business Rule 1 Figure 7.4

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 22 Business Rule 2 Figure 7.5

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 23 Business Rule 3 Figure 7.6

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 24 Business Rule 4 Figure 7.7

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 25 Business Rule 5 Figure 7.8

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 26 Business Rule 6 Figure 7.9

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 27 Business Rule 7 Figure 7.10

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 28 Business Rule 8 Figure 7.11

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 29 Business Rule 9 Figure 7.12

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 30 Business Rule 10 Figure 7.13

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 31 Business Rule 11 Figure 7.14

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 32 Business Rule 12 Figure 7.15

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 33 Business Rule 13 Figure 7.16

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 34 Business Rule 14 Figure 7.17

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 35 Business Rule 15 Figure 7.18

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 36 UCL Entities Considering Business Rules Table 7.10

7 Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Management, 5 th Edition, Rob & Coronel 37 Initial ERD for UCL Figure 7.19