Joints Chapter 8. What is a joint? Defined as the site where two or more bones meet. Also called an “articulation” Joints allow our skeleton mobility.

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Presentation transcript:

Joints Chapter 8

What is a joint? Defined as the site where two or more bones meet. Also called an “articulation” Joints allow our skeleton mobility and they hold our skeleton together

Classification of Joints Functional classification  Synarthroses  Amphiarthroses  Diarthroses

Classification of Joints Structural classification  Fibrous joints  Cartilaginous joints  Synovial joints

FIBROUS JOINTS General Characteristics  Bones are joined by fibrous tissue  No joint cavity is present  Most are immovable but some are slightly moveable

TYPES OF FIBROUS JOINTS Sutures (synostoses) Syndesmoses Gomphoses

FIBROUS JOINTS Sutures Synostoses =fused sutures

FIBROUS JOINTS Syndesmoses

FIBROUS JOINTS Gomphoses

CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS General Characteristics  Articulating surfaces are united by cartilage  No joint cavity  Can be synarthrotic or amphiarthrotic

TYPES OF CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS Synchondroses Symphyses

CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS

SYNOVIAL JOINTS General Characteristics  Articular bones are separated by a fluid-filled cavity  Joints of limbs  Diarthrotic

SYNOVIAL JOINTS

Movements of synovial joints Axis of motion  Nonaxial  Uniaxial  Biaxial  Multiaxial

GLIDING MOVEMENTS

Angular Movements

Special Movements

Types of Synovial Joints

Specific Joints & Injuries Knee (Stifle)  3 C’s—collateral ligaments, cruciate ligaments, cartilages (menisci) Shoulder (Glenohumeral)  Rotator cuff—four tendons encircle & blend with articular capsule

Specific Joints & Injuries Hip (Coxal)  Deep socket & strong ligaments, very stable Temporomandibular (TMJ)  Dislocation easy—shallow socket

Joint Disorders Sprains Dislocations  Luxation  Subluxation Bursitis  “Housemaid’s Knee”  “Student’s elbow” Tendonitis Arthritis  Osteoarthritis  Rheumatoid arthritis Synovitis

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