JOINTS OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM. FUNCTIONS OF JOINTS Bind parts of the skeletal system Allow bone growth Allow growth of the brain Allow changes in shape.

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Presentation transcript:

JOINTS OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM

FUNCTIONS OF JOINTS Bind parts of the skeletal system Allow bone growth Allow growth of the brain Allow changes in shape during childbirth Enable movement

CLASSIFICATION OF JOINTS Based On Movement Synarthrotic—immovable Sutures of skull Amphiarthrotic—slightly movable Distal tibiofibular articulation Diarthrotic—freely movable Knee

CLASSIFICATION OF JOINTS Based on Construction Materials Fibrous CT holds bones together (distal tibiofibular joint) Cartilaginous Hyaline or fibrocartilage hold bones together (between manubrium and first rib) Synovial Presence of synovial membrane (knee)

FIBROUS JOINTS Dense CT holds bones together Types Syndesmosis Suture Gomphosis

(Fibrous) Syndesmosis Distal end of tibia and fibula Amphiarthrotic Amphiarthrotic

Suture Skull Synarthrotic Fibrous Joint

Gomphosis Tooth in its socket Synarthrotic

CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS Synchondrosis Hyaline cartilage Epiphyseal disk (synarthrotic) Manubrium-1st rib (synarthrotic) Symphysis Fibrocartilage Symphysis pubis (amphiarthrotic) Intervertebral disk (amphiarthrotic)

Synovial Joint Diarthrotic—allow free movement Structurally complex Consist of: Articular cartilage Joint capsule Synovial membrane Synovial fluid

SYNOVIAL JOINT

SYNOVIAL JOINTS PIVOT BALL and SOCKET HINGE CONDYLOID SADDLE GLIDING

Pivot: Radio-Ulnar Joint Between the head of the radius and the radial notch of the ulna. Allows for pronation (palm turns posterior) and supination (palm turns anterior).

Range of Movement Abduction-Adduction Abduction is limited by greater trochanter hitting acetabulum Flexion-Extension Lateral, Medial Rotation

Ball and socket: Shoulder

Shoulder Movements Movement in 3 planes: Abduction - away from the body until vertical. Adduction -brings arms back toward body. Rotation Extensive range comes at the expense of joint stability. Rotator cuff muscles--movement and stabilization of the joint.

Hinge Joint Cartilage

Condyloid: Radio-Carpal Radius: Scaphoid, lunate, triquetral

Wrist Movements Flexion-Extension Abduction, Adduction Articulations involved Radioulnar Intracarpal Radiocarpal

Metacarpophalangeal Joint Condyloid Flexion Extension Abduction Adduction

Saddle Joint Flexion Extension Abduction Adduction

GLIDING JOINT

Movements

More Movements

Still More Movements

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