GUIDING QUESTION:FEB. 22, WHAT WOULD BE A GOOD TITLE FOR THIS PHOTOGRAPH? 2.WRITE A QUESTION THAT YOU WOULD LIKE TO HAVE ANSWERED ABOUT THIS PHOTOGRAPH. Spindle Top in A forest of derricks, the might of America, erected around the original Lucas well. sln.fi.edu

THE ARRIVAL OF OIL IN TEXAS Photos: sln.fi.edu OBJECTIVES: 12) Economics. The student understands the factors that caused Texas to change from an agrarian to an urban society. The student is expected to: (A) explain economic factors that led to the urbanization of Texas; (B) trace the development of major industries that contributed to the urbanization of Texas such as transportation, oil and gas, and manufacturing; and 13.7(A) analyze the impact of national and international markets and events on the production of goods and services in Texas such as agriculture, oil and gas, and computer technology;

TASK AND EVALUATION: SPINDLETOP DOCUMENT ANALYSIS ACTIVITY ANALYZE DOCUMENTS SHARE ANALYSIS WITH CLASS TICKET OUT: PASS OUT OF CLASS SPINDLETOP QUIZ WEBSITE:

Anthony F. Lucas believed that the nearby SPINDLETOP HILL, near the town of Beaumont, covered a vast pool of oil. His company became one of the first oil companies in Texas. Today we can proudly claim that the father of the oil industry in America, if not in the entire world, was a Croatian immigrant, Captain Anthony F. Lucas (Lucic), and that he has set into motion the modern oil industry, which, to the time of Lucas' discovery of oil, was claimed to be desert land and worthless sand sln.fi.edu BACKGROUND OF THE TEXAS OIL & GAS INDUSTRY

CHRISTMAS TREE INVENTED BY ANTHONY LUCAS IN ORDER TO HARNESS A GUSHER (PHOTO FROM [MCBETH]) Anthony Lucas and drilling crew Photo from Math/Science Nucleus for childrenMath/Science Nucleus

PUMPING UNITS Photos: Agrimanuels.com

You will work with your shoulder partner to analyze a primary or secondary source and complete a document analysis. You will have 15 minutes to complete this task. Be prepared to share your information with the class. ANALYSIS TASK & EVALUATION

GIST Summaries (Generating Interaction between Schemata and Text) GIST Summaries require students to pare down information into a 20-word summary. Steps: 1. Select content-related newspaper articles for students to read. Allow students to work in pairs as they learn the strategy. 2. Students read the article and identify the 5 Ws and an H on the GIST template. 3. Using the 5 Ws and an H as a reference, students write 20- word summaries (GISTs). 4. Once students have mastered writing a GIST using articles, the strategy is then applied to content area texts to support comprehension and summarizing skills. DOCUMENT 2 Spindletop Spindletop is the name of a small knoll just south of Beaumont Texas. Anthony Lucas, an Austrian-born mining engineer, has been supervising the drilling of an oilwell since October 27, His crew must install a new drilling bit on the string of a drill pipe. The date is January 10, The drilling crew begins lowering the new bit to the bottom of the hole. They run about 700 feet (200 meters) of drill pipe into the 1,000-foot (300- meter) hole. Suddenly, the well starts spewing drilling mud. The mud, a liquid concoction that carries rock cuttings out of the hole, drenches the rig floor and shoots up into the derrick. The crew evacuates the rig and waits to see what will happen. The flow stops. The workers return to the rig and start cleaning up. Without warning, mud erupts again. Then a geyser of oil gushes 200 feet (60 meter) above the 60-foot-high (18 meter high) derrick. See the photo to the right. The spouting oil blows all the drill pipe out of the hole. The blowing well elates Lucas and his crew as they watch the display from a safe distance. They estimate that it is flowing over 3 million gallons (over 12,000 cubic meters) of oil per day. In oilfield terms, that's over 80,000 barrels of oil per day. Before Spindletop, a big producer flowed 50 barrels (8 cubic meters )per day. The Lucas well produced 1,600 times that amount. It showed that buried layers of rock could contain tremendous amounts of oil. What is more, it proved that rotary drilling was an effective way to obtain it. Spindletop marked the beginning of the modern petroleum industry. SCHEMATA: A schemata is a cognitive framework or concept that helps organize and interpret information. Schemas can be useful because they allow us to take shortcuts in interpreting the vast amount of information that is available.

Pass out of class Spindletop Quiz See how you do! Answer the Questions below by using the information located at the above website. You can also access this website through NetSchool. Write your answers on the notecard provided. Don’t forget to put your name on the notecard? Good Luck! 1. What was discovered at Spindletop in 190l? 2. Where was the first commercial oil well drilled in the United States? 3. The Spindletop gusher was named after which man? 4. What was the main use for oil before the Spindletop boom? 5. Who was called the "Prophet of Spindletop? 6. How many barrels of oil per day did Spindletop produce? 7. What type of drill did the Hamill brothers bring to Spindletop? 8. What did the Hamill brothers pump into the hole in place of water? 9. What industry did Spindletop pave the way for? 10. Who was the main speaker at the Spindletop Centennial Celebration? CLICK ON: NETSCHOOL, ENTER, ACTIVITIES, SPINDLETOP QUIZ: ANSWER ON NOTECARD. NO