Module 8 Presentation Skills

Learning outcomes  8.1 How to prepare for your presentation  8.2 How to structure your presentation  8.3 What content you will need to prepare  8.4 How to conclude your presentation  8.5 How to manage your body language

Introduction Presentations skills and public speaking skills are very useful in many aspects of work and life. Effective presentations and public speaking skills are important in business, sales and selling, training, teaching, lecturing and generally entertaining an audience.

Presentation skills video wa4c6xVpMg (Video to be added and similar video sourced for Spain, Poland & Germany)

Preparation and planning  What is the aim?  What is my title?  Who am I speaking to?  What are the main points I want to make?  What do I want the audience to do after listening to my presentation?

Other questions to consider

The structure of a presentation  The introduction or beginning  The middle or the body  The end or conclusion

The introduction or beginning  Get the audience's attention and signal the beginning  Greet audience.  Introduce yourself  Give the presentation title and introduce topic  Give your objectives (purpose, aim, goals)

The middle or the body  Content  Keeping the audience's attention  Signposting where you are  Listing information

The end or the conclusion  Content  Thank the audience for being there  Ask for questions and comments or invite a discussion  Dealing with difficult questions

Body language and gestures

Communicating  words account for 7%  tone of voice accounts for 38%  body language accounts for 55%

Presentation skills video 3WJYwE (Video to be added and similar video sourced for Spain, Poland & Germany)

Body Language Julius Fast was the first author who published a book on ’Body Language’ in 1971 Scientific study on ’how the body speaks’ has been labelled as KINESICS

How does a body speak? Like any spoken language body language has words, sentences, and punctuation. Each gesture is like a single word and one word may have several different meanings.

How a body speaks? In a normal conversation only 7% of the message is conveyed through words and about 38% through vocal variety like – tone, pitch, modulation, pace of voice etc. The balance 55% is communicated through body language, using facial expressions, gestures, postures etc.

Body Language Body Language is the first language which we use from our childhood. Some symbols we use to send messages without speaking a single word.

Components of Body Language Gestures Stance Facial expressions

The Ring or ’Ok’ Gesture The ’OK’ signal means: * ”Fine” or ” All correct” in most English-speaking countries. * ”Zero” or ”worthless” in some parts of Europe. ”Money” in Japan ”An insult in Greece, Brazil, Italy, Russia

The ’Thumb –Up’ Gesture In Britain, Australia and New Zealand the thumb-up gesture has three meanings. 1. ”O.K”, ”Fine”, or ”good job” 2. ”Five” in Japan. 3. ”One” in Germany 4. An insulting signal in some countries like, -Russia, Greece, Australia.

Pointing Finger This hand gesture is an indication of a dominant to –subordinate behaviour An ’aggressive signal’, not liked by many.

Standard Arm Cross Gesture The Standard Arm Cross This is a universal gesture showing defensive or negative attitude almost everywhere.

Shoulder shrug Shows that a person does not know, or understand what you are talking about.

Standard ’Leg-cross’ Position Shows nervous, reserved or defensive attitude.

Space & Distance Every person has a natural territory that he / she carries around with him / her. So, one should be careful about how one enters the space of another. Territory also includes the arrangement of our office or home

Zones Intimate

Personal

Social

Public

Territory Intimate –Touching –6-18” Personal –Close -1½ to 2½ feet –Far - 2½ to 4 ½ feet Social –Close 4-7 feet –Far feet Public –Close feet –Far - 25 feet or greater

Let us examine how a body communicates from head to toe

Head Nodding the head * ”Yes” in most societies * ”No” in some parts of Greece, Bulgaria, Turkey & Yugoslavia. Tossing the head backward * ”Yes”in Thailand, India, Laos, Philippins Rocking the head slowly, back & forth: * ”Yes, I am listening”

Face Your face is watched whenever you speak. Your face communicates your attitude, feelings and emotions, more than any other part of your body.

Face Face and eyes convey the most expressive types of body language, including happiness, surprise, fear, anger, interest and determinalion It is truely said that ”face is the index of mind”.

Use of hands while talking Use your hands confidently Use your hands to describe something or to add weight to a point you are trying to make.

Closed Attitude & Open Attitude

Don’t cross your arms or legs They make you seem defensive or guarded. Keep your arms and legs open.

Don’t slouch, sit up straight Don’t slouch, sit up – straight. But in a relaxed way, way, not in too tense manner

Don’t touch your face It might make you seem nervous and can be distracting to listeners, during conversation.

Keep your head up Don’t keep your eyes on the ground. It might make you seem insecure and a bit lost.

Can you decode their body language?

Body language differs from culture to culture Always remember body language is local!

Learning outcomes: have you achieved these?  8.1 How to prepare for your presentation  8.2 How to structure your presentation  8.3 What content you will need to prepare  8.4 How to conclude your presentation  8.5 How to manage your body language