© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Chapter 21 Emergency Procedures

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Emergency Situations First aid Good Samaritan Act Golden rule Rescuer Victim

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Steps in an Emergency Assess environment Obtain consent to treat Try to determine what happened Follow standard precautions Enlist help of bystanders Never move victim Stay calm

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Question What is the golden rule in providing first aid? A.Stay calm B.Do no further harm C.Assess the environment

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Answer B. Do no further harm Golden rule –Do no further harm Staying calm and assessing environment important –But not known as golden rule

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) CPR Rescue breathing Obstructed airway Advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) Pediatric advanced life support (PALS)

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. First Aid Always observe standard precautions –Carry gloves –Use barrier CPR –First priority in emergency If CPR not needed, assess for other problems

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Allergic Reactions Mild and moderate reactions Severe reaction –Anaphylactic shock Bites and stings

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Question Which of the following would be performed if the victim is unable to breathe due to an obstructed airway? A.Heimlich Maneuver B.Rescue breathing C.CPR

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Answer A. Heimlich Maneuver If patient has obstructed airway, Heimlich Maneuver performed Neither rescue breathing nor CPR would be effective until after obstructed airway cleared

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Bleeding and Wounds Hemorrhage Arterial bleeding Venous bleeding Do not use tourniquet

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Bleeding and Wounds External bleeding Internal bleeding Wounds Sucking wounds Amputations

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Bone, Joint, and Muscle Injuries Fractures and joint dislocations Open fracture Closed fracture Joint dislocation Muscle strain Sprain

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Question Which of the following would be the most effective method to stop external bleeding? A.Apply a tourniquet B.Change dressings when they become saturated C.Apply direct pressure

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Answer C. Apply direct pressure Applying direct pressure helps stop bleeding Tourniquet should not be used Changing dressings increases bleeding –Should only be reinforced as needed Not changed

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Facial Injuries Eye injuries Ear injuries Nose injuries

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Burns 1 st degree –Superficial 2 nd degree –Partial thickness 3 rd degree –Full thickness

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Burns Steps 1.Stop burning 2.Cool burned area 3.Cover burned area

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Burns Heat Radiation Chemicals Electrical current

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Question True or False: –A pressure dressing should be applied if a victim is bleeding from the ear.

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Answer False Do not block bleeding or drainage from ear

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Drug-Related Problems Misuse or overuse of any drug Drug overdose Withdrawal from addictive drugs

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Poisonings Ingestion Inhalation

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Temperature-Related Illness Frostbite Hypothermia Heat cramps Heat stroke

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Question Which of the following conditions should be treated with giving fluids? A.Heat stroke B.Ingestion of a poison C.Heat cramps

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Answer C. Heat cramps Fluids can be given to someone with heat cramps –Be sure it does not contain caffeine or alcohol Heat stroke and ingested poison victims should not be given fluids

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Other Conditions Breathing difficulty Hyperventilation Chest pain (angina) Diabetes Fainting (syncope) Fever (hyperthermia)

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Other Conditions Drowning Seizures (convulsions) Shock Stroke or cerebrovascular accident (CVA) Unconsciousness

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Question A victim with angina is most likely suffering from what condition? A.Lack of oxygen getting to the heart B.Diabetes C.Seizure disorder

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Answer A. Lack of oxygen getting to the heart Angina –Chest pain –Occurs when lack of oxygen getting to heart muscle Diabetes and seizure disorders not characterized by angina

© 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Bandaging Sling Spiral wrap Figure-eight wrap Bandage to finger