Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”…entire class was focused on the similarities and differences between the present-day status of Mexican immigrants and Mexican Americans in the US and that of people of Mexican origin in the past.”

Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”One student, in particular, explained that all the members of her family had answered the racial question differently, depending on their own self-identities.”

Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”…Latino population’s sense of self and its collective history are still far from having a definitive impact on the understanding of race, ethnicity, and nationhood in the US.”

Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”…the intellectual transformation necessary to accord the Latino condition its rightful prominence in US history is just beginning and will be the centerpiece, I believe, of the work of Latino historians in the twenty-first century.”

Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”…to make it mean a call to Latino academicians to answer the query, `Y tu, que?’ with a resounding attempt to move Latinos to the center of our academic specialties, and interdisciplinary discussions.”

Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”…two general tensions,…have marked late twenty-century development of Latino history…difference in outlook and direction--Latin Americanist vs. US historian.”

Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”…Mexican American history went from a `nascent, relatively unknown subfield of mainstream US history’ to a growing, respected body of scholarship, which `has served as the springboard for studies that pose new, provocative questions and open new areas of inquiry’.”

Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”…graduate students in Chicano history today probably know less about Latin America than those that entered the field in the 1960s and 1970s.”

Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”Is there such a thing as Latino history?”

Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”…this has led to a body of work [Latino history] in which ethnic specialty still reigns supreme?”

Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”…having experienced a colonial relationship[1] to the US as a people and having come to the continental US as an immigrant/migrant[2] group.”

Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”…overriding historical reality of the twentieth century for all Latino groups,…communities in the US have been profoundly enriched and transformed by migrants from Latin America.”

Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”…third[3] critical area that needs to be explored to enhance our understanding of Latinos’ place in US society, is the complicated role of race and racial formation.”

Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”…multiracial body has been appropriated for use as a symbol of multi-ethnic America, often representing the nation’s hope for the future and its potential for overcoming racial strife.”

Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”…only serves to heighten a new form of racial essentialism and once again frame the process of overcoming racial hierarchy as a fundamentally biological one.”

Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”…this new fascination with multiracial bodies is historic in being unable to look at the particular ways in which racialization occurs despite and alongside racial mixing.”

Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”The multi-racial body, therefore, becomes an excellent vehicle for globilization--an image made to order for multi-national corporate capital.”

Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”…liberals, & neoliberals writers who call on Americans to move beyond race, ethnicity, and identity politics toward a `new American nation’ where difference is minimized and cosmopolitanism and toleration loom large.”

Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”…nearly one in three Hispanics marries a non-Hispanic.”

Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”…that force us `to ask about the costs of the rigidifying of ethno-racial particularisms.’”

Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”…America’s Achilles’ heel of race requires that we embrace hybridity--not only in physical race crossing but in our minds as a shared pride in and identify with hybridity.”

Y tu, que? (Y2K) --”…`Welcome to the Americas!’ Racial mixing has never in itself destroyed racial privilege,…throughout nearly all Latin America has proved.’”

Review Questions 1.) What are the similarities and differences between first and second generation Latinos? 2.) Who decides ones identity? 3.) What intellectual transformation do Latinos go/should go through? 4.) What/who are Chicanos? 5.) What are the three `commonalities’ that historians should consider about all Latinos? 6.) What role does the `multi-racial’ body in the contemporary Latino esperience?