Natural Resources Management and Environment Department FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Cotonou, 5 October 2012 PRESENTED BY: Anni Arial Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the context of national food security

ACCESS TO LAND, FISHERIES AND FORESTS TENURE SECURITY FOOD SECURITY

THE CHALLENGE Increasing demand for land, fisheries and forests Decreasing supply of land, fisheries and forests Lack of financial and human capacity in the administration and management of resources Inefficient / unadapted approaches and technologies in the administration and management of resources Bureaucratic and political corruption in the administration and management of resources Insecurity of Tenure Resource degradation, hunger, poverty… Increasing competition for land, fisheries and forests

Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security... set out principles... provide a benchmark …contribute to the improvement and development of policy, legal and organizational frameworks... are voluntary... do not replace laws or treaties WHAT ARE THE VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES ?

CONTENTS OF THE VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES Part 2: General Matters Provides overall guidance: Guiding principles. Tenure rights. Policy, legal and organizational frameworks. Delivery of services. Part 1: Preliminary Sets the direction: Objectives. Nature and scope.

CONTENTS OF THE VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES Part 3: Legal recognition and allocation of tenure rights Safeguards. Public lands, fisheries and forests. Indigenous peoples and others with customary tenure. Informal tenure. Part 4: Transfers and other changes to tenure rights Markets. Investments. Readjustments. Restitution. Redistributive reforms. Expropriation.

CONTENTS OF THE VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES Part 5: Administration of tenure Records of tenure rights. Valuation. Taxation. Regulated spatial planning. Resolution of disputes. Transboundary matters.

CONTENTS OF THE VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES Part 6: Responses to climate change and emergencies Climate change. Natural disasters. Conflicts. Part 7: Promotion, implementation, monitoring and evaluation

INVESTMENTS and VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES Voluntary Guidelines… acknowledge the role of responsible public and private investments recognize the share of smallholder producers and their organizations encourage safeguard of legitimate tenure rights, transparency of transactions, compensation, partnerships, prior independent assessments, monitoring and control of implementation put forward principles of consultation, participation and FPIC apply to States, investors and service providers The Guidelines look at the investments from the TENURE point of view

Three distinct processes are ongoing Voluntary Guidelines PRAI (FAO, WB, IFAD, UNCTAD) rai (CFS) In addition studies and technical guides are being prepared. FAO responds to requests coming from member countries. The Voluntary Guidelines… Are consistent and complementary with PRAI and rai. Concentrate on aspects of governance of tenure in the context of investments INVESTMENTS and VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES

Why gender? Tenure rights of women are often less secure, more limited, or mediated through others. What benefits from responsible governance of tenure? raise the status, influence, and socio- economic well-being of women within households and communities. improve farm productivity, household welfare and access to institutions, information and services The Voluntary Guidelines highlight the centrality of gender equality to responsible governance of tenure integrate gender as a cross-cutting element GENDER and VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES

The next steps - helping others to: Adopt practices according to their priorities; Adapt practices according to their circumstances. BUILDING ON THE CONSENSUS Working ON…. Awareness raising Capacity development Strengthening of partnerships Support to countries Monitoring and evaluation Working WITH…. States Government agencies Civil society Private sector Academia IGO and IFIs Promote practical integrated work between multiple actors, sectors and disciplines

The Guidelines are a tool for actors in countries. BUILDING ON THE CONSENSUS States: Development, implementation and enforcement of policy and law. Administration of tenure. Courts and Government agencies: Delivery of equal services to all People and communities: Know and protect their rights Civil society: Advocacy, awareness raising, legal assistance and capacity development Investors: Safeguards, do no harm, participation Professionals: Follow standards of conduct for ethical behavior, service delivery Academia: Education of professionals, teaching, research

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FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Natural Resources Management and Environment Department FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS THANK YOU!

FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Natural Resources Management and Environment Department FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

DEVELOPMENT OF THE VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES : January - June Negotiations Consultation Africa: South, East, West Drafting Research, networking 2000 onwards

DEVELOPMENT OF THE VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES July, October, March Negotiations Endorsement 11 May 2012

Milestone achievement Globally relevant, appropriate and accepted text Dialogue between global, regional and national actors Awareness raising, capacity development, advocacy Networks and partnerships The Guidelines are now a point of reference DEVELOPMENT OF THE VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES

Awareness raising Assist people to learn more about and use the VGs Dissemination (printed copies and Internet) Promotion (awareness raising meetings) Two meetings will take place in Africa Capacity development Prepare additional tools and aids Technical Guides: Fisheries, Forestry, Gender, IP/FPIC, Investment E-learning tools Mainstream VGs in academia BUILDING ON THE CONSENSUS

Strengthening of partnerships Strengthen and develop collaboration on improved tenure governance at global, regional and local levels Strong, open and transparent partnerships Seek synergy with global and regional initiatives (LPI) Support to countries Respond to requests for assistance Monitoring and evaluation Monitor and evaluate implementation and impacts of the VGs BUILDING ON THE CONSENSUS