The Stonewall Riots New York City, June 27-29, 1969.

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Presentation transcript:

The Stonewall Riots New York City, June 27-29, 1969

The 1960’s Age of Experimentation in Sexual Areas, Psychology, Psychiatry… All the rules were off in the 60’s… Freedom… but not for gay men and lesbians.

The 1960’s & Homosexuality  In most cities, it was illegal to be a homosexual.  Homosexuals that were “caught” would endure public humiliation.  Homosexuals were often hospitalized and treated with shock therapy.

Public Service Announcements  Scared Straight Tactics  Boys Beware (1950’s)  Mike Wallace CBS News “The Homosexuals” (1966)  Anti-Homosexual Films (1961)

Civil Rights Weren’t For Homosexuals  New York had an 1845 Statute that made it a crime to masquerade.  Being in “drag” was a crime  A person must be in 3 articles of clothing of their gender or could be arrested—socks did not count!

1960’s & Political Upheaval  President John F. Kennedy was assassinated in  Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated in  The Black Panther’s Party in Oakland was advocating armed self-defense against police brutality.  Race riots in Watt’s, CA (1965); Detriot, MI (1967); & Newark, NJ (1967).  Vietnam War protesters rioted in Chicago outside the Democratic Nation Convention in 1968.

Homophile Organizations Before Stonewall Riots  Daughters of Bilitis (1955)  Founded by 8 women in San Francisco  Mattachine Society of New York (1951)  Founded by Harry Hay

New York Before Stonewall Riots  Police would use many different tactics to “catch” and arrest homosexuals.  In New York alone 500 people per year were arrested for ‘crimes against nature’. Approximately 3,000 to 5,000 arrests were made for various solicitation and loitering crimes.  New York State Liquor Authority made it nearly impossible for any bar to get a liquor license that would serve homosexuals.

The Stonewall Inn  Located in Greenwich Village, downtown New York.  Patrons were primarily to gay men and “drag queens”  Owned and operated by the mafia

Summer of 1969  New York City was amidst a re-election year for its current mayor.  Increase in raids  Police resume “entrapment” tactics  Vigilantes began coordinating attacks

The Perfect Storm  At 1:20 a.m. on June 29, 1969, 4 police officers in dark suits, 2 patrol officers in uniform, 1 detective (Charles Smith) and 1 deputy (Seymore Pine) entered the Stonewall Inn.  4 undercover officers were already inside gathering information.  It was the 2 nd raid that week.

The Last Straw “When did you ever see a fag fight back?...Now times were a-changin’. Tuesday night was the last night for bullshit…Predominately, the theme was ‘this shit has got to stop!’”  Some say… “it was the heat of the night” “it was spontaneous” “it was a collective feeling” “we weren’t going away, and we didn’t”

The Riot Begins TBk

“Gay Power”

Stonewall Liberation  Gay Liberation Front  Gay Activists Alliance  June 28, 1970—1 st Gay Rights March in New York City  3 Newspapers were est. to promote rights for gays and lesbians  40 Years after Stonewall Riots related

“The true legacy of the Stonewall Riots is the ongoing struggle for gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender equality.” David Carter

Resources tml dv_prop=image&fr=yfp-t &va=stonewall+riots bitions/sw25/case1.html