 Current president:  James Madison ( )  Democratic-Republican  Virginia

Impact of the Industrial Revolution  What is it?  Social & Economic reorganization which took place as machines replaced hand tools and large scale factory production developed. Effects on the NorthEffects on the South IndustrializesCotton is King Boom of textiles and factory mills Eli Whitney invents the cotton gin Farm only what is needed  no real need for slavery Slavery population increases

The Push for Internal Improvements  Why the need for change?  Causes of Industrial Revolution  British Blockade   Embargo Act 1807   Increase in Self Reliance   Increase in Factories / Industrial Revolution

 Original plan proposed by Madison  Promoted by Clay & Calhoun  Had 3 main Points Development transportation systems Development transportation systems Establish protective tariffs Establish protective tariffs Resurrect National Bank Resurrect National Bank

 National Road Maryland to Illinois Maryland to Illinois Constructed began in Constructed began in1811 Eventually became Eventually became Transcontinental Highway  Erie Canal Essentially connected Essentially connected Atlantic Ocean to Great Atlantic Ocean to Great Lakes Lakes Paid off in 12 years! Paid off in 12 years!

 Americans producing more goods due to:  Embargo Act & War of 1812  Why?  Foreign Goods being sold at a cheaper price!  Therefore, Tariff of 1816  Tax on all foreign goods  Promotes the sale of American goods  Popular in North; South needs convincing  Why?

 Weakened under Jefferson: Why?  Creation of 2 nd Bank of the Unites States (BUS)  Make currency excepted nationwide

 James Monroe   Democratic – Republic  Virginia

Nationalism  Belief that national interest should be placed before regional concerns or interests  Supreme Court Hands down rulings in favor of Federal government Hands down rulings in favor of Federal government Strengthens federal government Strengthens federal government John Marshall John Marshall  Chief Justice of Supreme Court  Department of State Develops a Foreign policy advocating nationalism Develops a Foreign policy advocating nationalism

Supreme Court’s Role  Ogden v. Gibbons  Dispute over use of steamboat service between NY & NJ  Federal government has authority over interstate activities (commerce, travel, tv, etc)  McCulloch v. Maryland  Maryland taxed branch of BUS  Did not want the states to be “over-turning laws made by congress”

Dept. of State’s Role  John Q. Adams Sec. of State Sec. of State PolicyEffect Rush-Bagot treaty (1817) US & GB demilitarized common border Convention of 1818 Border at the 49th parallel up to the Rocky Mts. Adams-Onis Treaty Spain ceded Florida

Monroe Doctrine  Cause:  Spain & Portugal looking to regain lost colonies  Russia looking to expand influence  Effect:  Monroe issues statement to world via address to Congress  Any action by outside powers would be consider “dangerous to our peace and safety”.

Sectionalism  Placing the interests of one’s own region ahead of the interests of the nation as a whole

Missouri Compromise  As of 1818, Union had 10 free & 10 slave states  South wanted Missouri admitted as slave to preserve balance of power in congress  Henry Clay proposed compromise  Division at 36’30 1.Everything North Shall be admitted as free state 2.Everything South Shall be slave state 3.Missouri shall be admitted as slave state