The Urinary System

Urogenital system (male dog) 1. Kidney 2. Ureter 3. Urinary bladder 11. Retractor penis muscle 14. Os penis 15, 16 Prepuce

The Female Urogenital System (Bitch) Figure 05-02. The urinary and female reproductive organs (bitch). 1, Right kidney; 2, ureter; 3, bladder; 4, ovary; 5, uterine tube; 6, uterine horn; 7, cervix; 8, vagina; 9, urethra; 10, vestibule; 11, clitoris; 12, vulva; 13, vaginal process; 14, rectum.

Dolphin Kidney (fyi)

Bovine Kidney Note multi-lobed appearance

Porcine Kidney

Canine Kidney Renal artery, renal vein, ureter

Equine Kidney

Position of the kidneys Within the retroperitoneal space

Bovine Kidney (plastinated) Each lobe has a pelvis of its own

Sectioned Pig Kidney Figure 05-23. Sectioned kidney. Notice that the complexity of the renal pelvis decreases from cow to horse. Pig (B).

Canine kidney Capsule, cortex, medulla, pelvis, renal vein, renal artery, ureter

Feline Kidney (sectioned) Figure 05-23. Sectioned kidney. Notice that the complexity of the renal pelvis decreases from cow to horse. Cat (D).

Equine Kidney (sectioned) Figure 05-23. Sectioned kidney. Notice that the complexity of the renal pelvis decreases from cow to horse. Horse (E).

Bovine kidney (corrosion cast) Note multiple papillary ducts

Canine Kidney (corrosion cast) Single renal pelvis; ridges between renal papillae

Canine Kidney (corrosion cast) Yellow=renal pelvis and ureter Red = branching of renal artery Note renal cortex and medulla

Corrosion Cast: Goat Kidney Figure 05-26. Corrosion cast of renal pelvis, renal artery, and renal veins of a goat. The depressions of the ridges of the renal papillae are clearly visible.

Schematic drawing: Lobe of Kidney 1. Glomerulus 1’ Renal corpuscle 2. Proximal tubule 4. Distal tubule 6. Papillary duct 7. Renal artery

Glomerulus of a rat (SEM)

Renal Pelvis (canine) Contrast radiograph (Intravenous pylogram IVP)

Kidneys, Ureters, Urinary Bladder Canine IVP

Urogram (canine) Figure 14-22. Urogram of a dog. 1, Gas in stomach; 2, 2′, right and left kidneys; 3, ureters; 4, bladder.

Ureterovesical junction 1. Ureter 2. Bladder lumen 3. Bladder wall 4. Bladder neck. The ureter is compressed as the intravesical pressure rises

Urinary Bladder (interior) 1. Scar of urachus 2. bladder 3. Ureter 3’ ureteric orifice 4 Trigone of the bladder 6 Urethra

Canine Urinary Organs Figure 14-21. The canine urinary organs and adjacent blood vessels in situ. 1, Aorta; 2, celiac a.; 3, cranial mesenteric a.; 4, caudal vena cava; 5, phrenicoabdominal vessels; 6, 6′, right and left kidneys; 7, 7′, right and left adrenal glands; 8, left renal vessels; 9, ovarian vv.; 9′, ovarian aa.; 10, caudal mesenteric a.; 11, ureters; 12, deep circumflex iliac vessels; 13, external iliac vessels; 14, bladder.

The Equine Abdominal Organs Figure 21-18. Position of the large intestine and the kidneys, dorsal view. 1, Base of cecum; 2, body of cecum; 3, left ventral colon; 4, pelvic flexure; 5, left dorsal colon; 6, dorsal diaphragmatic flexure; 7, right dorsal colon; 8, transverse colon; 9, proximal part of descending colon, cut; 10, left kidney; 11, right kidney.

Equine Kidneys (schematic) Figure 21-22. Kidneys and adrenal glands in situ, ventral view. 1, Right kidney; 1′, liver; 2, left kidney; 3, ureter; 4, renal artery; 5, renal vein; 6, aorta; 7, caudal vena cava; 8, cranial mesenteric artery; 9, celiac artery; 10, caudal mesenteric and testicular arteries; 11, testicular veins; 12, adrenal glands.

Bovine Kidney (schematic) Figure 28-28. Ventral views of the right (A) and left (B) bovine kidneys. 1, Ureter; 2, renal vein; 3, renal artery; 4, renal sinus.

Bovine Kidney (sectioned) Figure 28-27. Bovine kidney dissected to show its interior, semischematic. 1, Principal branches of ureter; 2, calyx; 3, renal papillae; 4, renal cortex; 5, interlobular artery.

Porcine Urinary System Figure 34-12. The lymph nodes of the sublumbar area, ventral view. 1, Kidneys; 2, aorta; 3, caudal vena cava; 4, external iliac artery; 5, internal iliac artery; 6, cisterna chyli; 7, lumbar trunks and lumbar aortic nodes; 8, intestinal trunk; 9, thoracic duct; 10, medial iliac nodes; 11, lateral iliac node

Porcine Kidney (sectioned) Figure 34-10. Kidney sectioned through poles and hilus. 1, Cortex; 2, medulla; 3, papilla; 4, pelvis; 5, ureter; 6, renal artery; 7, renal vein.

Avian Urinary System (schematic) Figure 37-29. Ventral view of the kidneys and vessels and nerves in their vicinity, schematic. The right kidney shows the branches of the ureter; the left, the renal vessels. Cranial (A), middle (B), and caudal (C) divisions of kidney. 1, Aorta; 2, celiac a.; 3, cranial mesenteric a.; 4, caudal vena cava; 5, cranial renal a.; 6, cranial renal portal v.; 6′, anastomosis with vertebral venous sinus; 7, cranial renal v.; 8, primary branch of ureter; 9, secondary branch of ureter; 10, femoral n.; 11, external iliac v.; 12, external iliac a.; 13, common iliac v.; 14, portal valve; 15, caudal renal v.; 16, caudal renal portal v.; 17, sciatic n.; 18, ischial a.; 19, ischial v.; 20, ureter; 21, internal iliac v.; 22, caudal mesenteric v.; 23, 23′, middle and caudal renal aa.

Avian Cloaca Figure 37-22. Median section of the cloaca, semischematic. 1, Colon; 2, coprodeum; 2′, coprourodeal fold; 3, urodeum; 3′, uroproctodeal fold; 4, proctodeum; 5, vent; 6, ureteric orifice; 7, papilla of deferent duct; 8, position of oviduct orifice (only on left side); 9, cloacal bursa; 9′, dorsal proctodeal gland; 10, skin; 11, tail feather; 12, uropygial gland; 12′, papilla of uropygial gland; 13, muscles surrounding caudal vertebrae.