© OECD/IEA 2013 Annual Oil Questionnaire Overview Energy Statistics Training Paris, 4-8 March, 2013 Mark Mateo, Claire Morel Annual Oil Statistics

© OECD/IEA 2013 Why are oil statistics important? The IEA oil questionnaire Data dissemination Annual Oil Questionnaire

© OECD/IEA 2013 The share of oil in energy supply may be decreasing but it is still the largest. World Total Primary Energy Supply Biofuels /w aste 10.0% 1973 Other* 0.1% 2010 Oil 32.4% Coal/peat 27.3% Nat. Gas 21.4% Hydro 2.3% N uclear 5.7 % Other* 0.9% Biofuels /w aste 10.5% Hydro 1.8% Nuclear 0.9 % Oil 46.1% Coal/peat 24.6% Nat. Gas 16.0% * Other includes geothermal, solar, wind, heat, etc Source: IEA 2012, 16/08/2012

© OECD/IEA 2013 Transport sector demand increased significantly. OECD oil use in different sectors

© OECD/IEA 2013 Oil Demand: OECD vs. Non-OECD The Non-OECD oil demand as percentage of total demand increased.

© OECD/IEA 2013 Good oil statistics: essential for accurate forecasts & analysis

© OECD/IEA 2013 Why are oil statistics important? The IEA oil questionnaire Data dissemination Annual Oil Questionnaire

© OECD/IEA 2013 How do we collect oil statistics?

© OECD/IEA 2013 OECD & Non-OECD countries World Data OECD Non- OECD 34 countries Energy Ministries Petroleum Companies National Statistics IEA National Statistics Office

© OECD/IEA 2013 Oil Questionnaire has 6 tables Oil Questionnaire Supply of crude oil, NGL and others Supply of oil products Deliveries by sector Trade Imports Exports

© OECD/IEA 2013 Table 1 Table 2A Table 3 Questionnaire Structure Supply of crude, NGL & Others Supply of finished products Deliveries by sector

© OECD/IEA 2013 Exports Production Products Transferred Products Transferred From Other Sources Direct Use Stock Change Backflows from Petrochemical Industry Refinery Imports Crude, NGL & Feedstocks Flows

© OECD/IEA 2013 Table 2A Supply of finished products

© OECD/IEA 2013 Supply of finished products IEA data collection Lighter molecules Heavier molecules

© OECD/IEA 2013 International Marine Bunkers Imports Stock Change Recycled Products Exports Products Transferred Gross Output Interproduct Transfers Refinery Fuel Inland Deliveries Refinery Crude Oil Primary Products Receipts Oil Product Flow Chart

© OECD/IEA 2013 Table 3 Deliveries by Sector Deliveries by sector

© OECD/IEA 2013 Table 3: Gross Deliveries by Sector Energy Sector Industries e.g. Oil & Gas Extraction Energy Sector Industries e.g. Oil & Gas Extraction  Electricity  Heat  Other Transformation e.g. GTL  Electricity  Heat  Other Transformation e.g. GTL Transport Transformation Industry  Residential  Commercial  Agriculture  Fishing  Residential  Commercial  Agriculture  Fishing Inland Deliveries Energy Sector  Aviation  Road  Rail  Navigation  Aviation  Road  Rail  Navigation  Iron and Steel  Chemical/Petrochem.  Construction  Non-metallic minerals  13 other subsectors  Iron and Steel  Chemical/Petrochem.  Construction  Non-metallic minerals  13 other subsectors Other Final Consumption

© OECD/IEA 2013 Physical flow (not customs flows) Crude Oil, NGL: country of origin Oil products: country of last consignment Transit trade not included More than 100 Import origins and 95 Export Destinations Imports and Exports Table

© OECD/IEA 2013 Checks: Annual vs. Monthly data Just one of over 100 checks – including computer and other analytical checks.

© OECD/IEA 2013 Why are oil statistics important? The IEA oil questionnaire Data dissemination Annual Oil Questionnaire

© OECD/IEA 2013 Accessing Data Books Online Data Service

© OECD/IEA 2013 Accessing Data

© OECD/IEA 2013 Thank you

© OECD/IEA 2013 Filling in the oil questionnaire 1) Units 2) Tables 3) Checks + Technical bonus Exercise Preparation

© OECD/IEA ) Convert data in a single unit From barrels to kilo tonnes Ask the industry for the number of barrels per ton Ex: barrels 1 barrel= 159 litres Divide by 159 Ex: litres/159 = barrels From litres to barrels ? /7.3 bbl/t = t = 10kt

© OECD/IEA ) Compiling the data in a simple format Table 1 Table 2a Secondary Oil Products Ex: Diesel Table 3 REFINERY Primary Oil Products Ex: Crude oil

© OECD/IEA 2013 Refining basics Refinery Fuel Input Output

© OECD/IEA 2013 Table 1 Where does the refinery intake come from? 4a 4b Crude Oil Indigenous Production (+) 1 1,000 From Other Sources (+) 2 Backflows to Refineries (+) 3 Products Transferred (+) 4 Total Imports (Balance) (+) 5 0 Total Exports (Balance) (-) 6 0 Direct Use (-) 7 0 Stock Changes (National Territory) (+) 8 0 Refinery Intake (Calculated) (=) 9 1,000 Statistical Differences (-) 10 Refinery Intake (Observed) (=) 11 1,001

© OECD/IEA 2013 Table 2a: Where do the oil products delivered to consumers come from? Gas/Diesel Primary Product Receipts (+) 1 0 Refinery Gross Output (+) Inputs of Recycled Products (+) 3 0 Refinery Fuel (-) 4 0 Total Imports (Balance) (+) 5 4 Total Exports (Balance) (-) 6 0 International Marine Bunkers (-) 7 0 Interproduct Transfers (+) 8 0 Products Transferred (-) 9 0 Stock Changes (National Territory) (+) 10 0 Gross Inland Deliveries (Calculated) (=) Statistical Differences (-) 12 0 Gross Inland Deliveries (Observed) (=)

© OECD/IEA 2013 Table 3 Who consumes the oil products? Gas/Diesel Oil Inland Demand (Total Consumption) Transformation Sector 2 0 Energy Sector 16 0 Total Final Consumption Transport Sector Road Domestic navigation 31 0 Industry Sector 34 0 Other Sectors 48 0 MEMO ITEM: Below categories are already included in the above sectorial breakdown. Total Non-Energy Use 54 0 Non-Energy Use in Transformation Sector 55 0 Non-Energy Use in Energy Sector 56 0 Non-Energy Use in Transport 57 0 Non-Energy Use in Industry 58 0 Of which: Non-Energy Use-Chemical/Petrochem Non-Energy Use in Other Sectors 60 0

© OECD/IEA ) Double check the data Two major checks Is there a statistical difference? Statistical difference = Demand – Supply What are the refinery losses? Refinery losses = Refinery Output – Refinery input Statistical difference/Supply<1% Refinery losses <0 or over 5% of refinery input

© OECD/IEA 2013 Automatic consistency checks DATA ENTRY MENU Control the integrity and coherence of your entries: Run the "Check data" program. Message Stock Change should = Opening Stock - Closing Stock Total Imports (Row 14) should = Total Imports (Row 101) Crude Oil Total Imports (Balance) (+) 5100 Total Exports (Balance) (-) 60 Direct Use (-) 70 Stock Changes (National Territory) (+) 85 MEMO ITEMS: Refinery Losses 12 0 STOCK LEVELS: Opening Stock Level (National Territory) 1330 Closing Stock Level (National Territory) 1410 No data on imports by Origin in table 4a Stock change = ≠ 5

© OECD/IEA 2013 Advanced bonus tips  Backflows from the petrochemical sector  Biodiesel and biogasoline

© OECD/IEA 2013 Dealing with petrochemical flows Key issues Specificities of the petrochemical sector: - Petrochemicals are special consumers of oil products. Most of their consumption of oil products is for non-energy use - Petrochemical plants can be producers of oil products. They often send backflows to refineries or sometimes directly sell oil products to consumers. Table 2b of the oil questionnaire helps to clarify the role of the petrochemical industry in energy flows.

© OECD/IEA 2013 Reporting Petrochemical Flows, Non energy use, Table 3 Memo: + Remember: in the oil questionnaire, unlike in other annual questionnaires and in the balance, non energy-use is a memo item. It indicates us how much of the consumption reported in the rows above is non-energy use.

© OECD/IEA 2013 Oil products output 1 2 Refineries Petrochemical plants

© OECD/IEA 2013 Reporting Petrochemical Flows, Backflows, Table 3 + INPUT TO A TRANSFORMATION INTO AN OTHER TYPE OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION 1

© OECD/IEA 2013 Reporting Petrochemical Flows, Backflows, Table 1 OUTPUT OF PETROCHEMICAL PLANT 2

© OECD/IEA 2013 Table 2b summarizes all these petrochemical flows Petrochemical plants consumed 500 kt of Naphtha 100 were used to heat the plant 200 were used as a feedstock to make petrochemicals 200 were returned to refineries as fuel oil

© OECD/IEA 2013 Reporting Biofuels Key tips Definition In the oil questionnaire, biogasoline refers only to the “bio” component of a blend of gasoline and liquid biofuels Example In Wonderland in 2010, cars consumed 100 kt of E10. E10 is a gasoline that contains 10% of bioethanol. For IEA Motorgasoline = E10 = 100 kt of which Biogasoline = Bioethanol = 10%*100 = 10kt

© OECD/IEA 2013 Reporting biofuels Step by Step, Table 3

© OECD/IEA 2013 Reporting biofuels Step by Step, Table 2* *If blending occurs in the refinery

© OECD/IEA 2013 Reporting biofuels Table 1 *If blending occurs in the refinery

© OECD/IEA 2013 Resources and contacts