Dark, thick, liquid fossil fuel commonly called oil
Petroleum
Fuel formed underground from plant or animal remains
Fossil Fuel
The person who first drilled oil at Spindletop (he owned the company)
Pattillo Higgins
The person who struck oil outside Nacogdoches in 1866
Lyne T. Barret
Towers that support oil- drilling equipment
derricks
Factory where crude oil is refined, or made pure, and then made into various products
Refinery
1901 oil strike that marked the beginning of the Texas oil boom
Spindletop strike
Texas city that was home to more than 500 oil companies by 1902
Beaumont
Explorers who worked on their own when searching for new oil fields
Wildcatters
An oil by-product of oil used as fuel
gasoline
Within two years of the oil strike at Spindletop, Beaumont’s population changed from _________ to _________
Within two years of the oil strike at Spindletop, Beaumont’s population changed from 9,000 to 50,000
Dirty, crowded, rough places whose populations grew almost overnight
Boomtowns
What effect did the Spindletop strike have on the local economy?
It caused an economic boom and created many jobs.
Gasoline is used in what kind of engine?
Internal Combustion Engine
The demand for gasoline increased as more Americans began to use _______.
The demand for gasoline increased as more Americans began to use cars.
Which agency was given the authority to enforce laws concerning the petroleum industry?
Texas Railroad Commission
Why was the Texas Railroad Commission given authority to enforce laws concerning the petroleum industry?
To limit drilling
Why was wildcatting risky?
Many went bankrupt when they couldn’t find enough oil.
Who were the Hamill brothers?
They were hired to drill for oil at Spindletop.
When oil producers donated to charities in Texas, what was that donation known as?
Philanthropy
Define Roughnecks
Men who did the difficult work in oil fields
Put these regions in chronological order according to the drilling and discovery of oil in Texas: A. Permian Basin B. East Texas C. Panhandle and North Texas D. Gulf Coast
Put these regions in chronological order according to the drilling and discovery of oil in Texas: D. Gulf Coast in 1902 B. East Texas in 1903 C. Panhandle and North Texas in 1921 A. Permian Basin in 1930
Spindletop was not the only BIG oil strike near Beaumont. 20 miles outside Beaumont, oil was discovered at ___________________ in 1902.
Spindletop was not the only BIG oil strike near Beaumont. 20 miles outside Beaumont, oil was discovered at Sour Lake in 1902.
What is the name of the sub- region in West Texas where oil was discovered in 1920?
The Permian Basin
A gas that can be used as fuel
Natural Gas
Owning the businesses involved in each step of a manufacturing process
Vertical Integration
Owning many businesses in a particular field
Horizontal Integration
The first successful oil field in Texas
Spindletop