LEED® HVAC Design LEED® Commissioning How Does the Mechanical Engineer & Cx Provider Impact the Success of a Sustainable Building? Presented by MBO Inc.

Your Speakers for Today Jorge Torres Coto Building Systems Commissioning Engineer MBO, Inc. Brought to you by MBO, Inc.

Side Note

Outline What is LEED? Benefits and cost of LEED HVAC design and Cx HVAC design for LEED Requirements and Tips WEc2, WEc3.1, WEc3.2 EAp1, EAp2, EAp3 EAc1, EAc3, EAc4, EAc5 EQp1 EQc1, EQc5, EQc6.2, EQc7.1, EQc7.2 Examples and experience on LEED HVAC design and Cx Who can be the Cx Provider? Going beyond the LEED requirements and expectations

What is LEED? LEED = Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design – Developed by USGBC (U.S. Green Building Council) in conjunction with DOE EPA GSA (U.S. General Services Administration DoD

What is LEED? The economic goals of the LEED program include: – Reduced or neutralized first cost – Enhanced asset value/increased profits – Optimized life cycle economic performance – Improved productivity (due to a healthier indoor environment) – Reduced liability

Why Does It Matter? BECAUSE IT IS THE RIGHT THING TO DO! Some states, cities, and/or the Federal Government offer tax incentives for buildings that meet Green building codes or become LEED Certified. GSA, state, and some municipalities require new building projects to meet LEED.

LEED Certifications LEED-NC (New Construction) LEED-CI (Commercial Interiors) LEED-EB (Existing Buildings) LEED-CS (Core & Shell; Commercial) LEED-H (Single Family Residential) LEED-ND (Residential Neighborhood Developments) LEED-Schools Other in the works

LEED-NC Four Levels of LEED Certification – LEED Certified26-32 points – LEED Silver33-38 points – LEED Gold39-51 points – LEED Platinum52-69 points

Five LEED credit categories *NOTE: 60% of the points are WE, EA and IEQ

LEED-NC ASS levels of certification – Half AssedLEED equivalent – Cheap AssedMinimum (after-thought) – Bad AssIntegrated Design – Kick AssEverybody bought in

LEED-NC Seven Prerequisites – SSp1 Construction Activity Pollution Prevention (Civil Engineer) – EAp1 Fundamental Commissioning (Cx Provider) – EAp2 Minimum Energy Performance (ASHRAE 90.1 and/or CEC Title 24) (Mechanical Engineer) – EAp3 Fundamental Refrigerant Management (Mechanical Engineer) – MRp1 Storage and collection of recyclables (Arch/Owner) – EQp1 Minimum IAQ performance (ASHRAE 62.1 and/or CEC Title 24) (Mechanical Engineer) – EQp2 Environmental Tobacco Smoke Control (Arch/Owner)

Mechanical Engineering Solutions Choosing the right Mechanical Engineer on the design team can help satisfy up to 60% of the requirements for LEED certification – WE3 out of 5 points – EA2 out of 3 prerequisites 12 out of 17 points – EQ2 out of 2 prerequisites 7 out of 13 points – ID2 out of 5 points

Mechanical Engineering Solutions (WE) WEc2, WEc3.1, WEc3.2 – Grey water systems – Waterless urinals and W.C. – Water conserving fixtures – Secondary metering on high volume systems (i.e. kitchens, mechanical equipment, etc.) Synergy with EAc5 (M&V)

Mechanical Engineering Solutions (EA) EAp2, EAc1 ASHRAE –Title 24 – Prerequisite is mandatory in California. Communication is critical between design team to accomplish higher energy savings and find economic balance (Arch, EE, ME, Owner) – Proper selection of HVAC system for type of building and occupancy is critical for optimum building operation and reduction of energy usage. (Team decisions are key) – Fundamental understanding of Synergies and Trade-offs with other credits and standards EAc1 vs. EQc2(Energy Consumption vs. Ventilation Air) EAc1 vs. EAc5(Verification Built into Design)

Mechanical Engineering Solutions (EA) EAc5: M & V (IPMVP) – Not usually implemented. – Key to verifying performance of building systems once it is in operation. – Useful in verifying at post-occupancy EAc1, WEc2, WEc3, EQc1, EQc2, EQc6, EQc7 – Some ease of implementing with a calibrated energy model and Building Automation System (BAS).

Mechanical Engineering Solutions (EQ) EQp1, EQc2: ASHRAE – Prerequisite is mandatory in CA. – Additional credits is easily achieved per CA codes. – Alternate strategies need to be designed to achieve optimal energy efficiency without sacrificing air quality. – Sophisticated computer modeling may be required for non- traditional designs. – Look at technologies, trade-offs and synergies with other points and ASHRAE standards. ASHRAE 55, 62.1, 90.1, 129

Mechanical Engineering Solutions (ID) LEED AP 40% water use reduction

HVAC Standards & Guidelines ASHRAE Thermal Comfort ASHRAE Ventilation ASHRAE Energy

Cx Requirements for LEED Basics – IT IS A PREREQUISITE EAp1 – Verify and ensure that fundamental building elements and systems are deigned, installed and calibrated to operate as intended. – It is imperative that at least 26 points be achieved to reach the certification level, Cx is an excellent tool during design, construction and post-occupancy. – Do you like the Opera or NFL?

ASHRAE Cx Process The 4 phases of the Cx Process Cx Process PREDESIGNDESIGNCONSTRUCTION OCCUPANCY OPERATIONS

Energy & Atmosphere Pre-1Fundamental Systems Cx 1. Designate a Cx Authority 2. Document OPR and develop BOD 3. Incorporate Cx requirements into CD 4. Develop and implement Cx plan 5. Verify the installation and performance of the Commissioned systems 6. Complete a summary of the Cx Report

1.Designate the Cx Authority Part of the owner’s team (ideally) Third party in preferred but can be part of the design team CxA shall be independent of the project’s design and construction management, though they may be employees of the firms providing those services.

2.Document OPR & BOD OPR – Completed by Owner, CxA and Project Team Owner and user requirements Environmental and sustainable goals Energy efficiency goals IEQ requirements Equipment and System expectations Building occupant and O&M personnel requirements BOD – Completed by the design team Primary design assumptions Standards Narrative descriptions

3.Incorporate Cx into CD’s Project Specifications – Typically the Cx requirements are in the specs. – US DOE / PECI Guide

4.Develop & Implement Cx Plan Start early – Preferably during DD It is not a rigid document – changes with planning, scheduling, etc.

5.Verify the installation & performance of the systems Installation inspection System performance testing Evaluation of results compares to OPR/BOD

6.Complete Cx Report Executive summary on the process & results Deficiency list with resolutions Performance test results

Certification Submittals LEED Letter template – Completed OPR and BOD – Incorporated Cx into specifications – Cx plan – Verified installation and performance of systems – Completed Cx Report

Cre-3Enhanced Cx Cx Authority must be an independent party – The CxA shall perform at least: Design review prior to CD’s Review contractor submittals Review building operation (post-occupancy)

4.Design Review Minimum one Cx design review of: – OPR – BOD – Design documents prior to mid-CD phase Back check review comments in subsequent submission

6.Review Contractor Submittals Only review submittals applicable to systems being commissioned for compliance with OPR and BOD. – Do they meet OPR and BOD – O & M requirements – Facilitating performance testing

8.Develop Systems Manual In addition to the O&M manual that is provided to the staff by the contractor. Focuses on operations rather than maintenance. Specifics of interactions between equipment – Final version of BOD – Single line diagrams – As-built sequences of operation – Operating instruction for integrated systems – Recommended maintenance schedules – Recommended retesting schedules with blank test forms – Recommended recalibration schedules for sensors and actuators

9.Verify Requirements for Training Document training expectations and needs with the owner Ensure staff and occupants receive training and orientation Special attention should target new or uncommon design features that have a potential of being over-ridden or removed due to lack of understanding.

11.Review Building Operations After handover ( 8 – 10 months) review performance of building/facility with owner and O&M staff. Create a deficiencies list (prior to manufacturer / contractors warranty expiration) Any items listed on the deficiencies list that will not be corrected shall be documented in the Systems Manual

Certification Submittals LEED Letter template – CxA conducted design review – CxA reviewed submittals – Systems Manual – O&M staff and occupants have been trained – CxA review of building operation post-occupancy

Cx Standards & Guidelines ASHRAE guideline 0. ASHRAE guideline 1. NIBS guidelines 2 through 14 NEBB Building Systems Commissioning

Open Forum Questions? Comments? Complaints? Praises?

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