1 Experimenting with Efficiency: Greening the Grant T EAM GREEN DINOSAURS Sandeep Dey, Wan Yin Cheung, Yung Nguyen Michelle Tang, Sze Wun Wong

MODERN LABS INEFFICIENT ❖ Research labs consume 3-5 times more energy than offices Offices Research Labs ❖ Significant energy savings possible ■Replace equipment – 44% ■Optimize HVAC - 55% ■Occupancy sensing - 30% ❖ Lab environment does not promote sustainability ■Affiliated personnel uninformed ■Lack of enforcement policies 2

CHALLENGES Awareness ❖ Monitor energy only at building level ❖ Researchers have no feedback on energy consumption Efficiency ❖ Outdated equipment are power hungry, increase HVAC load ❖ HVAC systems not optimized for lab usage Accountability ❖ Indirect cost rate policies do not encourage energy efficiency ❖ Lack of accountability for energy expenditures Implementation ❖ Lack of personnel to facilitate sustainability ❖ Limited funds for energy efficiency measures 3

OVERVIEW Awareness MonitoringFeedbackEducation Efficiency Equipment Computing HVAC New Construction Policy ICRA Rewards and Consequences Implementation Research Facility Manager Phased Approach 4

AREAS TO IMPROVE 5

MONITORING ❖ Breakdown energy consumption ■Lab level electricity consumption using subcircuit meters ■Appliance level monitoring for energy intensive equipments ■Leverage existing sensors for estimating HVAC energy  Analyze energy usage and find savings opportunity 6

FEEDBACK & EDUCATION ❖ Energy feedback to occupants ■Interactive display, monthly reports ■5-15% energy savings  Reminders ■Turn off lights/equipment ■Solid waste disposal ■Regular maintenance ❖ Education ■Yearly workshops ■Online tutorials of sustainability measures ■Include lab members, staff, janitors, facility managers 7

AREAS TO IMPROVE 8

EQUIPMENT 20-45% of lab energy ❖ Facilitate green equipment procurement ■ Link to resources - Labs21, Green Procurement ■Centralize purchase of commodity items ■Tool Lending Program - encourage sharing ■Encourage task lighting, LED lights  O&M of heavy equipment ■Regular cleaning of freezers ■Turn off fume hoods, incubators ■Automate using timers, occupancy sensors  HVAC optimization ■Proper equipment sizing ■Move equipment to machine room 9

HVAC 45-60% of lab energy ❖ Upgrade ■CV to VAV system (RoI 6-10 yrs) ■Dedicated cooling system (RoI 0.25 yrs) ❖ Optimize ■Ventilation Requirements ■Occupancy based control ❖ Maintain ■Automated fault detection system ■Expedite repair of energy expensive faults ❖ Leverage financing options available ■PACE program ■SDG&E retrocommissioning program 10

COMPUTING ❖ Increasing dependence on computers ■Tablets, laptops ■Wake-on-LAN, Somniloquy ❖ Energy efficient options ■No maintenance, zero energy consumption ■Cloud services optimized for high energy efficiency ❖ Encourage cloud-based services such as AWS ■Centralized management of computing services ■Use of Energy Star servers (30% savings) ■Separate hot and cold aisles in data centers ❖ University data center for custom needs 11

NEW CONSTRUCTION/RETROFITS ❖ Unique opportunity to be sustainable by design ■High energy savings ■Long lasting effect ❖ Design of permanent fixtures ■Floors - durable repairable ■Ceiling - light colored, low VOC ■Windows - blinds, tinting ■Countertop, furniture ❖ HVAC ■Design based on simulation models ■Low pressure drop design, optimize ventilation ■Adequate sensors for continuous commissioning 12

AREAS TO IMPROVE 13

INEFFICIENCY DOESN’T PAY ❖ Make energy expenses as direct cost ■Labs will encourage sustainability measures ■Penalizes inefficient labs ❖ Federal grant policies ■Mandate purchase of sustainable equipments ■Construction/retrofit grants set design standards ❖ Publicize sustainability in University ■Sustainability awards across research labs ■Advertise successful sustainability projects 14

AREAS TO IMPROVE 15

RESEARCH FACILITY MANAGER ❖ Identify inefficient research labs & help with sustainability measures ❖ Educate researchers/staff on energy efficiency ❖ Develop a web portal with sustainability resources and guidelines ❖ Keep up with state-of-the-art measures by attending research conferences ❖ Conduct yearly inspection of research labs 16

PHASED APPROACH Pick a Test Building Identify Sources of Lab Inefficiency Implement low- cost sustainability strategies Expand to Larger Scale 17

IT ALL ADDS UP 18

THANK YOU. Team Members Bharathan Balaji, Wan Ying Cheung, Sandeep Dey, Dung (Yung) Nguyen, Michelle Tang, Sze Wun Wong Presenters Yung Nguyen B.S. Environmental Engineer ‘14 Wan Yin Cheung B.S. Environmental Engineer ‘14 Sandeep Dey B.S. Environmental Engineer ‘14 Michelle Tang B.S. Environmental Engineer ‘14 Sze Wun Wong B.S. Environmental Engineer ‘14 19