Science Student Science 9 1/14/06 Science Project

I noticed that some stains in my clothes left a stronger residue than others I noticed that stains that sit longer without attention are much harder to get out Some detergents and stain sprays work better than others

I experimented to figure out which stains are the toughest to get out Ketchup Grass Grape Juice Chocolate Syrup Coffee I wanted to know why stains reacted the way they did Ketchup Stain Ketchup Stain Residue

Cotton fabric is most commonly used for clothing- best fabric to remove stains from Spray n’ Wash removed stains the best Apply stain remover before washing Use warm water instead of hot or cold Most stains are visible to the naked eye Never rub the stains My Research Paper Statements

If the stains were changed, then the whiteness of the fabric will change. Welch’s Grape Juice will stain the most out of all the stains Warm water will remove stains the best Spray n’ Wash will remove stains the best

Title: The Effect of Stains on Whiteness of Fabric Hypothesis: If the stains were changed, then the whiteness of the fabric will change. I.V. Stains (types ) D.V. Whiteness of Fabric (gray scale) Constants: (1) 1 yard of fabric (100% white cotton) (2) ½ cup Detergent (Purex®) (3) Temperature of water (warm wash cycle in electric washer) (4) Amount of wash time (min.) (5) Time detergent and stain spray was applied (min.) (6) Stain remover brand (Spray n’ Wash®) Control: Unstained piece of same cotton fabric Levels Trials CoffeeGrape JuiceKetchup Chocolate Syrup Grass 88888

I cut the cotton fabric into cm x 10cm squares Labeled each piece with an abbreviation of each stain Stained each square of fabric with the appropriate stain Applied stain remover (Spray n’ Wash) Let them sit at room temperature for 2 hrs. Placed all the squares with the same stain into the washer and then dryer Placed them on a white piece of paper and compared them to the grayscale to measure the darkness of the stain after they have been washed and dried

Grass Grape Juice Gray Scales I created five gray scales (zero meaning darkest and 100 meaning white) Compared them to the stained fabric after they have been washed and dried Recorded the data in the data table Example: This was a 84 on the gray scale Grass Stain

Bar Graph: The Effect of Stains on the Whiteness of Fabric 100= white zero= darkest Ketchup was the strongest stain

Ketchup stained the most out of all the stains (68.88 on the gray scale) Coffee left the least amount of residue on the cotton fabric (86.63 on the gray scale) “As the stain type changed, the whiteness of the fabric also changed.”- results statement After stains and stain spray has been applied

As the stain type changed, the whiteness of the fabric also changed- this statement supports my hypothesis Ketchup left the most stains residue with mean of on the gray scale Coffee left the least amount of stain residue with a mean of on the gray scale I have concluded that some stains are stronger and more potent than others Coffee Stain

Cleaning and identifying the stains immediately would help with reducing the stain- Family Circle, “Super Stain Solutions” Ketchup has more/stronger color pigments in it making it a very tough stain to remove Warm water would be best to use, hot and cold water set in the stains- Cold Water and Stain Removal Chocolate Syrup Stain

Grape Juice Stain Perform the exact same experiment again but with cold and hot water Record data immediately after stains have been removed from the washer/ dryer step Try experiment with different types and brands of detergents and stain sprays Important for detergent and stain spray companies to make the best product possible