Batrec – Mercury waste treatment Center (Hg Center) and Catalyst Recycling Plant (CRP) Yves THELIER,Veolia

YVES THELIER Global Director HPI/CPI PhD , Chemical Engineering, Ecole Centrale Paris, France; Started career as industrial wastewater engineer for chemical industries; Joined Veolia 23 years ago as hazardous waste sales manager; Active in setting up new hazwaste activities in foreign countries in Europe & Asia; Industrial services & waste services for O&G industries for the Veolia specialized subsidiary; Now Global Director O&G Downstream for Veolia Group; YVES THELIER Global Director HPI/CPI Veolia

Introduction of BATREC Year of foundation: 1989 Turnover in 2013: 13,8 Mio Euros. Employees: 72 Certifications: ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and OSHAS 18001 Shareholders: 100% Veolia Business areas: - Battery recycling - Decontamination of Hg-guards - Reactivation of activated carbon - Recycling of Hg waste

BATREC – where we are placed

Introduction of BATREC – business areas Battery Recycling Hg recycling Decontamination of Hg-guards Reactivation of activated carbon 6

development of volumes from 2006 to 2014 260 t/year mean value over the last 9 years 2012 - 27 containers from AUS - 14 containers from GCC 2014 – expected volumes - 100 t Bolivia - 84 t Trinidad

origin of the volumes from 2006 to 2014 GCC, Bolivia, Trinidad, Netherlands - spot business (so far) UK – regular business Australia - 2 shipments 2008 & 2012

Batrec’s Catalyst Recycling business  decontamination of the Hg guards to enable a subsequent Cu recycling waste reception (drums or CHEP bins) sampling storage thermal decontamination sampling & Hg reporting forwarding of the material to Nickelhütte for Cu recovery

Batrec’s part in Puracare – sampling

Batrec’s part in Puracare – storage storage for 18 containers IR detection in front of the boxes

Batrec’s part in Puracare – thermal decontamination

Batrec’s Catalyst Recycling business – chemical reactions thermal desorption in furnace (850 °C) HgS  Hg + S post-combustion chamber (1100 °C) S + O2  SO2 lime milk washer SO2 + CaO + ½ O2  CaSO4

Batrec’s Catalyst Recycling business – thermal decontamination – charging of catalysts

Batrec’s Catalyst Recycling business – thermal decontamination – the furnace

Batrec’s Catalyst Recycling business – thermal decontamination – the furnace

Batrec’s Catalyst Recycling business – thermal decontamination – the furnace

Batrec’s part in Puracare – thermal decontamination – post-combustion chamber

Batrec’s part in Puracare – thermal decontamination – scrubbers

Batrec’s Catalyst Recycling business – thermal decontamination – waste water treatment

recent developments – Hg stabilization motivation for Batrec  offer one hand solution to JM and other customers that require Hg stabilization (no subcontractors needed for stabilization of Hg) technical approach Hg + S = HgS (red or black) - liquid S + liquid Hg react to HgS - very toxic Hg is transformed into non toxic HgS - produced stone (50 % S, 50 % Hg) can be safely stored in German salt mines

recent developments – Hg stabilization what is the idea behind stabilization to HgS? the most stable mercury compound the most insoluble metallic-sulphide compound the natural mineral form known as cinnabar alternatives amalgamation

BATREC’s business areas Battery Recycling Hg recycling Decontamination of Hg-guards Reactivation of activated carbon 23

Hg Recycling Capacity: ca. 300 t/year of waste containing Hg 3 distillation units (2 retorts, 1 rotary kiln) Treatment of all types of Hg waste Production of Hg with a purity of 99.99 %

examples for Hg containing wastes treated at Batrec lamps (Hg vapour pressure ) button cells, Hg cells relays, switches dental waste (amalgams, centrifuges,…) thermometers, blood pressure meters Hg containing chemicals (Hg2Cl2, HgO, HgS, Hg,...) calomel (solutions) from Cu + Zn metallurgy concrete & soils & slurries contaminated with Hg Hg containing solutions activated carbon, coke and graphite containing Hg ...... 25 25

Mercury Centre installation scheme 1 A500 Furnace 2 Burner 3 Scrubber column 1 4 Acid Scrubber 5 F2000 Furnace 6 Burner 7 Scrubber column 2 8 Cooler 1 9 Scrubber column 3 10 Basic scrubber 11 Scrubber column 4 12 Cooler 2 13 Ventilator 14 Activated carbon filter 1 15 Activated carbon filter 2 16 Chimney (exhaust air) 17 Sorting Tent 18 Room exhaust air 19 Activated carbon filter 3 20 Activated carbon filter 4 21 Ventilator (room exhaust air) 22 Chimney (room exhaust air) 23 Mercury 24 Wastewater (acid) 25 Wastewater (Basic) 26 26

Hg removal from Hg centre off gas distillation at 600 – 700 °C (Hg vaporises at 356.6 °C) distillation under negative pressure to avoid Hg emissions Hg is removed by a 3 scrubber system the washers are actively cooled to <5°C in order to condense the Hg remaining traces of Hg are removed by a final activated carbon filter, filled with S impregnated carbon 27 27

Hg distillation 2 retorts A500 F2000

Hg distillation 1 rotary kiln for batch operation

Hg distillation

BATREC’s business areas Battery Recycling Hg recycling Decontamination of Hg-guards Reactivation of activated carbon 31

Adsorbent Recycling Decontamination of Hg guards coming from natural gas production Reactivation of activated carbon Installation running since November 2011 1.000T capacity for the treatment of catalysts coming from the gas extraction industry („mercury guards“) 3.000T capacity for the reactivation of activated carbon others wastes containing Hg: powder carbon. contaminated soil with Hg and/or Dioxins. Hg containing waste with organic compounds.

Treatment of spent active carbon Regeneration Treatment at low temperature at 180°C Reactivation Treatment at high temperature (up to 850°C) that gives back to the carbon its original adsorption capacity Thermal recycling Carbon’s combustion

Reactivation of activated carbon by BATREC Reactivation of granular active carbon coming from water treatment Reactivation of extruded active carbon coming from gas treatment plants. First trials have been made to treat powder active carbon coming the adsorption of suspended pollutants. During reactivation Thermal desorption of the pollutants at a temperature of 700 – 750°C Thermal destruction of the pollutants in the post-combustion chamber. The original adsorption of the carbon is renewed (iodine index) Added value for customers Lower purchasing costs for «fresh» carbon (1 – 5 Euros/kg) Lower disposal treatment costs Reduction CO2 emissions

Thank you for your attention! yves.thelier@veolia.com