Franz Kafka, Die Verwandlung (1915)

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Presentation transcript:

Franz Kafka, Die Verwandlung (1915)

Franz Kafka (1883-1924)

Biography Born in Prague (Austro-Hungarian Monarchy) Czech-Jewish origin German-speaking Czech Jew

Hermann Kafka, Julie Löwy

Austro-Hungarian Empire (1867-1918)

Biography Studied Law (doctorate 1906) Worked in insurance Wrote literary texts in spare time Literary circle in Prague (Max Brod, Felix Weltsch)

Biography Engaged several times Never married Tuberculosis diagnosed, 1917 Death near Vienna, 1924

Kafka as writer Great name of literary modernism (Marcel Proust, James Joyce, Virginia Woolf) Short stories, novellas, novels Experimental prose style (“personales Erzählen”)

Kafka as writer Tendency towards the fantastic / supernatural Motif of metamorphosis: fairytale motif Human / animal theme Strangeness, alienation, grotesquerie

Kafka as writer Relatively unknown during his lifetime Posthumous fame (Max Brod; American and English reception) “kafkaesque”

Themes Crisis of (masculine) identity in modernity The passing of religion / tradition The search for meaning The body / sexuality

Themes Critique of capitalism Critique of bourgeois family Critique of patriarchal power structures

Oedpius complex Power struggle between father and son Das Urteil (1912) Die Verwandlung (1915) Brief an den Vater (1919)

Hermann Kafka (1852-1931)

Sigmund Freud: Oedipus complex Desire for the parent of the opposite sex (son for mother) Universal developmental stage for all male children (ages 3-6) Successful resolution of complex results in identification with same-sex parent

Oedipus complex If unresolved – neurosis, “arrested development” Fixation on the father Ongoing power struggle

Die Verwandlung Father / son (oedipal) struggle? Father fixation? Mother fixation? Sister fixation? Son as eternal loser in the oedipal conflict?

Masochism Gregor as masochist? Masochism as sign of the son’s defeat in oedipal conflict? Family – esp. sister – as sadists?