Properties of Matter Section 2 This is the question that your experiment answers Section 2

Physical Properties Any characteristic of a material that you can observe without changing the makeup of the material Examples: Color Shape Size Density Melting Point Boiling Point

Appearance Appearance is the most obvious physical property Shape, color, and state of matter can be identified just by looking They can also be measured Volume Temperature Mass Diameter

Behavior Behavior is also a physical property Examples: Magnetism Malleable Ductile Ability to flow

Using Physical Properties to Separate Some items can be separated by physical properties Sorting by hand Sifting Using a magnet

Physical Properties Can be used to identify substances Many physical properties are specific to the material and remain constant and can be used for identification Melting point Boiling point Density Specific Heat

Physical Changes Any change that does alter the makeup of the material You can change size, shape, or state of matter without altering the makeup of the material Sometimes physical change can accompany a color change without changing the composition of the material Heating a metal until it’s glowing hot Sometimes color change accompanies a chemical change Rusting

Using Physical Change to Separate We can also use physical change to separate materials Distillation is a separation technique that allows separation techniques by boiling point A mixture is heated until it boils. All the material that evaporates at a specific boiling point and be captured when it condenses The material that did not boil at that boiling point is left behind

Chemical Properties Chemical properties are characteristics of a substance that indicate whether it is likely to undergo a chemical change Flammability Reactive to light Reactivity Toxicity

Chemical Change The change of one substance into another There are several clues that a chemical change is going on Rapid release of energy Change of heat Light Sound Bubbling Color change Formation of a solid (precipitate)

Using Chemical Change to Separate Silver flatware can become tarnished Due to silver reacting with sulfur in the air to make silver sulfide The reaction can be reversed by putting the silver in warm water with baking soda and aluminum foil In industry and labs, chemical changes like this are used to purify metals

The Conservation of Mass During any chemical change, mass is conserved. The amount of substance present at the beginning of the reaction will be equal to the amount of substance present at the end of reaction Then why does there appear to be less mass after a log burns Mass is “lost” as water and gas