What is General Aviation? General Aviation does not include: Military Aviation Scheduled Commercial Aviation

Common Types of GA Use Personal Use Business and Industry Air Freight Health and Medicine Pilot Training Entertainment and News Law Enforcement Agriculture

Economic Impacts of GA Supports nearly 1.3 million jobs nation wide. 166 million passengers fly GA a year. America's GA Airports - Huge Market Business Growth Airline Competition

What drives the need for new GA aircraft? Inexpensive Travel Efficiency Fuel Alternatives Faster Travel Accurate Travel Responsive Travel Safer Travel

Electrical Planes FADEC (Full Authority Digital Engine Controls) VLJs (Very Light Jets) Tiltrotors Gyroplanes Airframe Parachutes Leading Technologies and Concepts What I will be discussing today.

Electric Plane The History Invented by GE in the 1950’s Reduced emissions 1959 Martin RB-57 Canberra NASA Space missions NASA’s Helios Used in solar cars

Electric Plane Why do we electric planes? Environmental Concerns Petroleum Dependency Cheaper Flying

Electric Plane The Pros of this Technology High Efficiency 3x that of gas Zero Emissions Exhaust makeup Hydrogen Fuel Renewable Improved Reliability Parts Quiet Improved Safety

Electric Plane The Cons of this Technology Costly Equipment Hydrogen Storage Heavy Equipment On Large Aircraft New Type of Maintenance Small Aircraft only

Electric Plane Who will use it? Surveillance Law Enforcement Military use Small Aircraft Owners

Electric Plane Current Models Dimona Motor Glider Dynaero Lafayette III

Electric Plane Future Market? Depletion of Petroleum Cryoplane Potential future aircraft Drive GA

FADEC The History Full Authority Digital Engine Control A digital computer and its related accessories which control engine power settings, fuel flow, prop pitch, and mixture settings. Turbine Powered Aircraft The Porsche Mooney 41 Sold FADEC expensive Piston-Powered Airplanes

FADEC Why do we need it? High activity cockpit Landings IMC Conditions Remove engine management struggles from pilot workload Save money Fuel economy

FADEC Pros of this Technology Easier Starting Pilot only controls throttle position Computer automates tasks On-board diagnostics Clean cockpit Smooth engine = less vibration All electrical, no mechanical Redundant system Increased fuel economy Safer Flying European FADEC’s

FADEC Cons of this Technology Expensive Detailed installation GA market is price sensitive Computer maintenance training Large market transition New Equipment

FADEC Current Models Cirrus SR-22 Beech Baron 58 Liberty XL2

FADEC GA Aircraft of the Future Adams Aircraft A500 Max Cruise 230 knots Rate of Climb 1,368fpm Range 1,150 nm Ceiling 25,000 ft Price Tag $1.2M Direct Operating Cost $280/hr

VLJ The History Defined as any jet approved for single-pilot operation with a max T/O weight less than 10,000 lbs. Previously known as Microjets NASA and FAA have been encouraging development. Point-to-point Air Taxi Airline capacity

VLJ Why do we need VLJs? Service areas ignored by airlines Piston-plane limitations Fill the gap Piston and Large Private Jets

VLJ Pros of this Technology Allow point-to-point flying Cheaper than large jet Quick, no delay transportation By-pass hub and spoke Cheaper private jet charter Take some weight off the airlines

VLJ Cons of this Technology Potential Bathroom issues Still expensive to operate Small airport congestion

VLJ Who will use VLJs? For hire air taxi to thousands of locations Private Pilot/Owners Corporate Operations

VLJ Current Models Cessna Citation Mustang Eclipse 500 Adam Aircraft A700

VLJ GA Aircraft of the Future Eclipse 500 Max Cruise 370 knots Rate of Climb 3,424 fpm Range 1,300 nm Ceiling 41,000 ft Landing Distance < 2,500 ft Price Tag $1.5M Certified on September 30 th, 2006 First aircraft delivered on December 31 st,2006 Plan to deliver 515 in 2007 Eventual production capacity of 4 planes a day.

Tiltrotors The History Defined as an aircraft using the same rotary system for both lift and thrust. Research began in the 40’s Bell XV-3 (Flew until 1966) 1977 – Bell XV – V-22 Osprey

Tiltrotors Why do we need Tiltrotors? Limited landing Space Quick responsive transportation Fast point to point flying

Tiltrotors Pros of this Technology Speed, altitude and comfort of a turboprop Vertical takeoff and landing capabilities of a helicopter Low response times Growth in Corporate flight due to quick response times City center to city center travel

Tiltrotors Cons of this Technology More complex than helicopter and turboprop Does not exceed transport efficiency of a helicopter (Speed * Payload) Very loud when hovering New technology in consumer market

Tiltrotors Who will use tiltrotors? Quick Responsive Business Travelers Executive Transportation Search and Rescue Law Enforcement

Tiltrotors Current Models Canadair CL-84 Successful design that never entered production LTV XC-142 Bell QTR Quad Tiltrotor Military Application

Tiltrotors GA Aircraft of the Future Bell/Agusta BA609 Max Cruise 275 knots Range 750 nm Ceiling 25,000 ft Price Tag At least $10M Operating Cost $875/hr Two Crew, Nine Passenger Switches from helicopter to plane in less than 1 minute First Civil Tiltrotor

Gyroplanes The History Defined as an aircraft that is supported in flight by unpowered rotating horizontal blades; forward propulsion is provided by a conventional propeller Juan De La Cierva built first autogyro 1953 Dr. Igor Bensen began design UK Fairey Rotodyne gained production privileges Westland CO. Bought out Fairey and destroyed everything dealing with Gyroplanes

Gyroplanes Why do we need Gyroplanes? Safe sport flying Alternative to Helicopter Short T/O landings Slow flight

Lower operating cost No stalls/spins Maneuverable Land in small areas Stable in wind Inexpensive Easy to store Very safe alternative Versatility Fly faster than Helicopter and flying slower than most airplanes Scenario: Engine Out Fixed Wing: Descend, hopefully land in large area. Helicopters: Transfer to auto rotate immediately, lose control if blade stops spinning. Gyroplane: Blades are always in autorotate, flare at landing to trade energy in blades for a zero speed landing. Gyroplanes Pros of this Technology

Gyroplanes Cons of this technology Very unique attributes Gyro specific training Small market Does not hover well

Gyroplanes Current Models CarterCopter

Gyroplanes GA Aircraft of the Future Groen Borthers Aviation Hawk 5 Max Cruise 140 knots Rate of Climb 1,500 fpm Range 508 nm Ceiling 16,000 ft Operating Cost $178.27/hr 48% less than a comparable turbine powered rotorcraft. Seats 5 Used as security during 2002 Winter Olympics. Available 24-7, 67 Missions, 75 hours of maintenance free flight time Awaiting FAA certification before selling

Airframe Parachute The History Defined as a parachute that safely brings and aircraft to the ground in the case of an emergency. Prior to 1975 Boris Popov invented the whole-aircraft chute in 1980 Founded Ballistics Recovery Systems in St. Paul, MN First FAA approved install in 1993 for Cessna 150s and 152s

Airframe Parachute Why do we need these? Heightened Safety Used for: Small low-speed GA aircraft Pilots who want a final option

Airframe Parachute Pros of this Technology Allow recovery from circumstances under which the pilot has no other option. Alternative to a forced landing in inhospitable terrain. Upgraded GA safety Already saved near 200 lives

Airframe Parachute Cons of this Technology Extra Weight Pilot Dependency Once deployed, along for the ride Tempt pilots to fly where they should not. Many pilots dislike the concept “Real pilots do not need parachutes.”

Airframe Parachute Technology currently In Use Parachutes are available for: Experimental Aircraft Below 3,400 lbs Many Sport Aircraft 182’s and 172’s Every factory built Cirrus

Airframe Parachute GA Aircraft of the Future Cirrus SR-22 Max Cruise 185 knots Rate of Climb 1,304 fpm Range 1,000 nm Price Tag $449,995 Equipped with a CAPS (Cirrus Airframe Parachute System) Only aircraft manufacturer that equips every plane they build Are available on the market No current talk of other aircraft companies installing parachutes as a standard.