CHURCH HISTORY II Lesson 19 Across the Water

Apostolic Church Apostolic Fathers Church Councils Church History Ca. 30AD590 AD1517 AD Golden Age of Church Fathers Reformation & Counter Reformation Rationalism, Revivalism, & Denominationalism Revivalism, Missions, & Modernism ? Ancient Church HistoryMedieval Church HistoryModern Church History The Pre-Reformers The First Medieval Pope The Rise of the Holy Roman Empire The Crusades The Papacy in Decline

MODERN ERA Reformation and Religious Wars Polemical Orthodoxy; rise of different schools of theological thought Modern Missionary Era; Includes infidelity & various forms of modernism FOCUS ON AMERICA Importance and interest to us Impact on the world CHALLENGES Multiplication of distinct and separate churches Multiplication of locations Multiplication of information

Across the water…. The Colonization of North America Spanish & PortugueseCentral & South America FrenchCanada, Louisiana, Mississippi River Valley “for God and gold” Why is the study of the 13 colonies most important? Sidney Ahlstrom A Religious History of the American People Sheer numbers “by 1710 Pennsylvania had more Europeans than all of New France The population of NE alone was greater than all white Spaniards

Huguenots 1562Jean Ribaut 1564Rene de Laudonniere 1555 Gaspar de Coligny - Brazil South America North America 1685 revocation of edict of Nantes

Who came to America, and why? I. Church of England (Anglican) 1607Jamestown 1693College of William & Mary II. Pilgrims 1607“Scroobyites”Holland 1620Left England on Mayflower Mayflower Compact “church covenant applied to a political situation” “Aimed for Virginia, hoped for Newfoundland, arrived in Mass”

After 7 years267 came 58 died 53 moved 156 remained, plus servants “But though these things did trouble them they did not dismay them, for since their desires were set on the ways of God and the enjoyment of his ordinances, they therefore rested on His providences and knew whom they had believed” John Brown Pilgrim Fathers

III.Puritans “It was an effort to rid the Christianity of England from all things contrary to biblical revelation, to remove all things whether in doctrine, discipline, ceremony or polity which had been added by Rome”Dr. Panosian Ecclesiastical Political Doctrinal Who were the Puritans? Where did they come from? “ It was a vigorous effort to bring God’s discipline to this world, its people, and, preeminently, to God’s Church” Ahlstrom, p. 128

How did the Puritans leave England? 1628New England Co. 1629Massachusetts Bay Company 1630April 8 th Four ships sailed; Gov. John Winthrop 1.They had a firm covenant with one another; 2.They had a commission from God to go; 3.That the entire body must dwell together in Scriptural fashion; and, 4.That they would be examples to the present world and to future generations ‘a citty on a hill’

What did the Puritans seek to establish in New England? A colony in which they could order their affairs so as to please God in everything they did CHURCH They never renounced the Church of England We will not say as the Separatists were wont to say at their leaving England, “Farewell Babylon! Farewell Rome!” But we will say, “Farewell, dear England; farewell, the Church of God in England; and all the Christian friends there!” We do not go to New England as Separatists from the Church of England, though we cannot but separate from the corruption in it. Francis Higginson

They formed Churches by voluntarily covenanting together then calling or ordaining a pastor, or both They employed a congregational form of church government CIVIL Civil government was God ordained Only church members should vote No democracy but oligarchy “the rule of the many by the few”

The church and state were separate, but dependent on each other The Puritans wanted nothing of “religious toleration” Applications or conclusions We must distinguish between our belief that they erred in their position regarding the relationship between the church and state while recognizing that they were following their own sincere convictions We must recognize that they attempted to maintain the unity of Christ’s universal church and not to be divisive